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Transparent bowl of fruit and vases. Roman wall painting in Pompeii (around 70 AD)

A still life is a work of art depicting inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which may be either natural (food, plants and natural substances like rocks) or man-made (drinking glasses, cigarettes, pipes, hotdogs and so on). Popular in Western art since the 17th century, still life paintings give the artist more leeway in the arrangement of design elements within a composition than do paintings of other types of subjects such as landscape or portraiture. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2560x1734, 479 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Roman art ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2560x1734, 479 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Roman art ... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... For other uses, see Pompeii (disambiguation). ... This article is about the philosophical concept of Art. ... For other uses , see Painting (disambiguation). ... Landscape art depicts scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests. ... Roman-Egyptian funeral portrait of a young boy A portrait is a painting (portrait painting), photograph (portrait photography), or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expression is predominant. ...

History

Glass bowl of fruit. Roman still life in the Villa Boscoreale (1st century AD).

Still life paintings often adorn the walls of ancient Egyptian tombs. It was believed that the foodstuffs and other items depicted there would, in the afterlife, become real and available for use by the deceased. Similar paintings, more simply decorative in intent, have also been found in the Roman frescoes unearthed at Pompeii, Herculaneum and the Villa Boscoreale. Some Roman wall paintings already depict the later familiar motif of a glass bowl of fruit. The popular appreciation of still life painting as a demonstration of the artist's skill is related in the ancient Greek legend of Zeuxis and Parrhasius. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 526 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1069 × 1218 pixel, file size: 394 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 526 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1069 × 1218 pixel, file size: 394 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... Transparent glass bowl of fruit. ... Khafres Pyramid and the Great Sphinx of Giza, built about 2550 BC during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom,[1] are enduring symbols of the civilization of ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was a civilization in Northeastern Africa concentrated along the middle to lower reaches of the Nile River... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... For other uses, see Fresco (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Pompeii (disambiguation). ... Herculaneum (in modern Italian Ercolano) is an ancient Roman town, located in the territory of the current commune of Ercolano. ... Transparent glass bowl of fruit. ... The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history in Classical Antiquity, lasting ca. ... Zeuxis and Parrhasius, painters of Ephesus in the 5th century BC, are reported four hundred years later in the Naturalis Historia of Pliny the Elder to have staged a contest to determine which of the two was the greater artist. ...

Through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, still life in Western art was mainly used as an adjunct to Christian religious subjects. This was particularly true in the work of Northern European artists, whose fascination with highly detailed optical realism and disguised symbolism led them to lavish great attention on the meanings of various props and settings within their paintings' overall message. Painters such as Jan van Eyck often used objects, such as those considered still life elements, as part of an iconographic program. The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... This article is about the European Renaissance of the 14th-17th centuries. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Look up Iconography in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

An artist that used still life is Georgia O' Keeffe. She was an american artist that painted many still life pictures containing flowers and animal bones. Many of her pictures won awards. For example the Dead Rabbit with Copper Pot won the Leagues William Merritt Chase Still-life prize.

Still life after 1600

Abraham van Beyeren, Banquet Still Life, ca. 1660, Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

Still life painting thrived in Italy during the early Baroque^[1], yet it remained historically less respected than "grand manner" painting of historical, religious, and mythic subjects. Prominent Academicians of the early 1600s, like Andrea Sacchi, felt that genre and still life painting did not carry the "gravitas" merited for painting to be considered great. On the other hand, successful Italian still life artists found ample patronage in their day^[2]. One additional fact is that before the 17th century, women painters, few as they were, commonly chose or were restricted to painting topics such as still lifes^[3]. Van Goth was one example of a excelent still life artist. Still life came into its own in the new artistic climate of the Netherlands in the 17th century (with the name stilleven: still life is a calque while Romance languages tend to use terms such as dead nature). While artists found limited opportunity to produce the religious iconography which had long been their staple—images of religious subjects were forbidden in the Dutch Reformed Protestant Church—the continuing Northern tradition of detailed realism and hidden symbols appealed to the growing Dutch middle classes, who were replacing Church and State as the principal patrons of art in the Netherlands. Banquet Still Life, ca. ... Banquet Still Life, ca. ... Abraham van Beijeren (1620 The Hague-1690 Rotterdam) was a Dutch Baroque era painter. ... The Los Angeles County Museum of Art, also known as LACMA, is the official art museum of the County of Los Angeles, California. ... For other uses, see Baroque (disambiguation). ... Andrea Sacchi (born around 1600 (maybe 1598) at Nettuno near Rome; died 1661 at Nettuno) was an Italian painter of the later Roman school. ... A genre [], (French: kind or sort from Greek: γένος (genos)) is a loose set of criteria for a category of literary composition; the term is also used for any other form of art or utterance. ... The Dutch Reformed village church of St. ...

Still-Life of Flowers by Ambrosius Bosschaert, Alte Pinakothek, Munich

Especially popular in this period were vanitas paintings, in which sumptuous arrangements of fruit and flowers, or lavish banquet tables with fine silver and crystal, were accompanied by symbolic reminders of life's impermanence. A skull, an hourglass or pocket watch, a candle burning down or a book with pages turning, would serve as a moralizing message on the ephemerality of sensory pleasures. Often some of the luscious fruits and flowers themselves would be shown starting to spoil or fade. The popularity of vanitas paintings, and of still life generally, soon spread from Holland to Flanders and from there to Spain^[4] and France. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 449 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (592 × 790 pixel, file size: 191 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Link titleLink titleBold textBold text== Summary == Peintre : Ambrosius Bosschaert, the Elder (1573-1620) Å’uvre : Still-Life of Flowers Localisation : Alte Pinakothek, Munich what Faithful... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 449 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (592 × 790 pixel, file size: 191 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Link titleLink titleBold textBold text== Summary == Peintre : Ambrosius Bosschaert, the Elder (1573-1620) Å’uvre : Still-Life of Flowers Localisation : Alte Pinakothek, Munich what Faithful... The Alte Pinakothek (Old Pinakothek) is an art museum situated in the Kunstareal in Munich, Germany. ... Vanitas, by Pieter Claesz This article is about the fine art genre. ... For other uses, see Hourglass (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Flanders (disambiguation). ...

The French aristocracy of the 18th century also employed artists to execute paintings of bounteous and extravagant still life subjects, this time without the moralistic vanitas message of their Dutch predecessors. The Rococo love of artifice led to a rise in appreciation for trompe l'oeil (French: "trick the eye") painting, a type of still life in which objects are shown life-sized, against a flat background, in an attempt to create the illusion of real three dimensional objects in the viewer's space. North side of the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo - carriage courtyard: all the stucco details sparkled with gold until 1773, when Catherine II had gilding replaced with olive drab paint. ... [[: Le Image:Mural de Narbonne. ...

With the rise of the European Academies, most notably the Académie française which held a central role in Academic art, and their formalized approach to artistic training, still life began to fall from favor. The Academies taught the doctrine of "Hierarchy of genres" (or "Hierarchy of Subject Matter"), which held that a painting's artistic merit was based primarily on its subject. In the Academic system, the highest form of painting consisted of images of historical, Biblical or mythological significance, with still life subjects relegated to the very lowest order of artistic recognition. The Académie française In the French educational system an académie LAcadémie française, or the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. ... Birth of Venus, Alexandre Cabanel, 1863 Academic art is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies or universities. ... A hierarchy of genres is any formalization which ranks different types of genres in an art-form in terms of their value. ... Artistic merit is an English language term that is used in relation to cultural products when referring to the judgment of their perceived quality or value as works of art. ... Categories: Art stubs | Painting ...

Modern still life painting

Paul Cézanne, Still Life With a Basket (Kitchen Table), 1888-90, Barnes Foundation, Merion, Pennsylvania.

It was not until the decline of the Academic hierarchy in Europe, and the rise of the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist painters, who emphasized technique and design over subject matter, that still life was once again avidly practiced by artists. Henri Fantin-Latour is known almost exclusively for his still lifes. Vincent van Gogh's "Sunflowers" are some of the best known 19th century still life paintings, and Paul Cézanne found in still life the perfect vehicle for his revolutionary explorations in geometric spatial organization. still life with basket by cezanne The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States. ... still life with basket by cezanne The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States. ... “Cezanne” redirects here. ... Merion is a community in Pennsylvania state of the United States. ... See also Impressionist (entertainment): A girl with a watering can by Renoir, 1876 Impressionism was a 19th century art movement, which began as a private association of Paris-based artists who exhibited publicly in 1874. ... Post-Impressionism is a term applied to a number of painters of the late 19th and early 20th centuries whose style developed out of or reacted against that of the Impressionists. ... Self Portrait by Henri Fantin-Latour (1859), at the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Grenoble Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Henri Fantin-Latour Henri Fantin-Latour (January 14, 1836 - August 25, 1904) was a French painter and lithographer. ... van Gogh redirects here. ... “Cezanne” redirects here. ...

Georges Braque, Violin and Candlestick, 1910, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.

Indeed, Cézanne's experiments can be seen as leading directly to the development of Cubist still life in the early 20th century. Between 1910 and 1920, Cubist artists like Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Juan Gris painted many still life compositions, often including musical instruments, as well as creating the first Synthetic Cubist collage works, such as Picasso's "Still Life with Chair Caning" (1912). Georges Braque, Violin and Candlestick, Paris, (spring 1910) San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Romilly 63 documentary photo of 1910 painting The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States. ... Georges Braque, Violin and Candlestick, Paris, (spring 1910) San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Romilly 63 documentary photo of 1910 painting The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States. ... Violin and Candlestick, Paris, spring 1910, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Georges Braque (May 13, 1882 – August 31, 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor who, along with Pablo Picasso, developed the art movement known as cubism. ... San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (2004). ... Woman with a guitar by Georges Braque, 1913 Cubism was an avant-garde art movement that revolutionised European painting and sculpture in the early 20th century. ... “Picasso” redirects here. ... Violin and Candlestick, Paris, spring 1910, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Georges Braque (May 13, 1882 – August 31, 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor who, along with Pablo Picasso, developed the art movement known as cubism. ... The Sunblind, 1914, Tate Gallery. ... For other uses, see Collage (disambiguation). ...

Artists in the United States, largely unburdened by Academic strictures on subject matter, had long found a ready market for still life painting. Raphaelle Peale (1774-1825), eldest son of Revolutionary era painter Charles Willson Peale, was the first American still life specialist, and established a tradition of still life painting in Philadelphia that continued until the early 20th century, when artists such as William Harnett and John Frederick Peto gained fame for their trompe l'oeil renderings of collections of worn objects and scraps of paper, typically shown hanging on a wall or door. Raphaelle Peale (1776 – 1825) is considered the first professional American painter of still-life. ... Charles Willson Peale (1741-1827), self-portrait from 1822 Charles Willson Peale (April 15, 1741 – February 22, 1827) was an American painter, soldier and naturalist. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area    - City 369. ... Violin, 1886 Colt, 1890 William Michael Harnett (1848-1892) was an Irish-American painter who helped pioneer a trompe loeil (literally, fool the eye) style of realistic painting. ... John Frederick Peto (May 21, 1854 – November 23, 1907) was a United States trompe loeil (fool the eye) painter who was long forgotten until his paintings were rediscovered along with those of fellow trompe loeil artist William Harnett. ... [[: Le Image:Mural de Narbonne. ...

When 20th century American artists became aware of European Modernism, they began to interpret still life subjects with a combination of American Realism and Cubist-derived abstraction. Typical of the American still life works of this period are the paintings of Georgia O'Keeffe, Stuart Davis, and Marsden Hartley, and the photographs of Edward Weston. For Christian theological modernism, see Liberal Christianity and Modernism (Roman Catholicism). ... Georgia Tottoeanocomita OKeeffe (November 15, 1887—March 6, 1986) was an American artist. ... Photograph of Stuart Davis, 1940 Stuart Davis (December 7, 1894 - June 24, 1964), American painter, was born in Philadelphia to Edward Wyatt Davies and Helen Stuart Davies. ... Marsden Hartley (January 4, 1877 - September 2, 1943) was an American painter and poet in the early 20th century. ... Edward Weston (March 24, 1886 - January 1, 1958) was an American photographer, and co-founder of Group f/64. ...

A completely synthetic, computer generated still life.

Much Pop Art (such as Andy Warhol's "Campbell's Soup Cans") is based on still life, but its true subject is most often the commodified image of the commercial product represented rather than the physical still life object itself. The rise of Photorealism in the 1970s reasserted illusionistic representation, while retaining some of Pop's message of the fusion of object, image, and commercial product. Typical in this regard are the paintings of Don Eddy and Ralph Goings. The works of Audrey Flack add to this mix an autobiographical Feminist message relating to cultural standards of female beauty. While they address contemporary themes, Flack's paintings often include trompe l'oeil and vanitas elements as well, thereby referencing the Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 2972 KB) copied from English Wikipedia, there uploaded by en:User:Gilles Tran, en:User:Janke and en:User:Veledan. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 2972 KB) copied from English Wikipedia, there uploaded by en:User:Gilles Tran, en:User:Janke and en:User:Veledan. ... This article is about the scientific discipline of computer graphics. ... Just What Is It That Makes Today’s Homes So Different, So Appealing? (1956) is one of the earliest works to be considered pop art. ... Andrew Warhola (August 6, 1928 — February 22, 1987), better known as Andy Warhol, was an American artist who became a central figure in the movement known as Pop art. ... Photorealism is the genre of painting resembling a photograph, most recently seen in the splinter hyperrealism art movement. ... Don Eddy is a photorealist artist. ... Ralph Goings is a photorealist artist, from the time of the photorealist movement until current times. ... Audrey Flack (b. ... Feminism is a social theory and political movement primarily informed and motivated by the experience of women. ...

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Still life paintings

Giovanna Garzoni (1600-1670) was an Italian painter of the Baroque era. ... Laura Bernasconi was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, known to be active in 1674. ... Fede Galizia (b Milan, 1578; d Milan, 1630) was an Italian Renaissance painter, a pioneer of the still life genre. ... Juan van der Hamen y (Gómez de) León (bapt. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

See also

• Still life photography