Storm Shadow/SCALP EG
Storm Shadow/SCALP EG
Basic data
Function	long-range, air-to-surface missile
Manufacturer	MBDA
Unit cost	Italy is reported to have paid USD 270 million for 200. The French senate indicates a cost of 800,000 euros/unit.
Entered service	2002
General characteristics
Engine	Turbomeca Microturbo TRI 60-30 turbojet, producing 5.4 kN thrust
Launch mass	1230 kg
Length	5.1 m
Diameter	1 m
Wingspan	2.84 m
Speed	1000 km/h
Range	over 250 km
Flying altitude	30–40 m
Warhead	450 kg BROACH (Bomb Royal Ordnance Augmented CHarge)
Guidance	Inertial, GPS and TERPROM. Terminal guidance using imaging infrared
Launch platform	Tornado GR4, Italian Tornado IDS, Eurofighter Typhoon, Harrier GR7, Mirage 2000 and Rafale

Storm Shadow is an Anglo-French air-launched cruise missile, manufactured by MBDA and used by Britain, France, and Italy. Storm Shadow is the British name for the weapon; in French service it is called SCALP EG (Emploi Général, meaning General Purpose). The missile is based on the earlier MBDA Apache anti-runway missile, and differs in that it carries a warhead, rather than submunitions. GR4 and Stormshadow The photos on this site are the property of BAE SYSTEMS (Copyright© 2004 BAE SYSTEMS. All rights reserved) and are made available for publishing and personal use. ... MBDA is a European arms company which manufactures missiles and is the result of the 2002 merger of Aérospatiale-Matra Missiles (of EADS), Alenia Marconi Systems missile divisions and Matra BAe Dynamics. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... Founded in 1938, Turbomeca is one of the leading manufacturers of low and medium-power gas turbine for helicopters. ... The distance AB is the wing span of this Aer Lingus Airbus A320. ... A warhead is an explosive device used in military conflicts, used to destroy enemy vehicles or buildings. ... The BROACH warhead is an advanced multi-stage warhead developed by Team BROACH; BAE Systems Land Systems Munitions & Ordnance, Thales Missile Electronics and QinetiQ. BROACH stands for Bomb Royal Ordnance Augmented CHarge. ... Over fifty GPS satellites such as this NAVSTAR have been launched since 1978. ... TERPROM is a military navigation system used on aricraft and missiles which uses stored digital elevation data combined with navigation system and radar altimeter inputs to compute the location of the aircraft or missile above the surface of the earth. ... The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine fighters, which was jointly developed by the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy. ... Tornado GR4 The Tornado GR4 is a Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) originally designed for low-level penetration to attack ground targets, now increasingly used to deliver stand-off weapons and guided bombs at medium altitude. ... The Tornado GR4 is a Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) used for low-level penetration to attack ground targets. ... The Eurofighter Typhoon is a twin-engine multi-role canard-delta strike fighter aircraft, designed and built by a consortium of European aerospace manufacturers, Eurofighter GmbH, formed in 1983. ... The Hawker Siddeley Harrier and the AV-8A are the first generation of the Harrier series, the first operational close-support and reconnaissance fighter aircraft with V/STOL capabilities. ... RAF Harrier GR7 The Harrier GR5, GR7, GR7A, GR9 and GR9A are all Royal Air Force variants of the BAE Systems/Boeing Harrier II. The Harrier II was initially a cooperative effort between McDonnel Douglas (US) and Hawker-Siddeley (UK). ... A Mirage 2000 of the Indian Air Force The Mirage 2000 is a French-built multi-role fighter manufactured by Dassault Aviation. ... The Rafale is a French twin-engine delta-wing multirole fighter aircraft designed and built by Dassault Aviation. ... Motto: (Royal motto) (French for God and my right) 3 Anthem(s): God Save the Queen 4 Capital London Most populous conurbation Greater London Urban Area Official language(s) English (de facto)5 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen HM Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister The Rt Hon Tony Blair MP Formation... A Tomahawk cruise missile A cruise missile is a guided missile which uses a lifting wing and most often a jet propulsion system to allow sustained flight. ... MBDA is a European arms company which manufactures missiles and is the result of the 2002 merger of Aérospatiale-Matra Missiles (of EADS), Alenia Marconi Systems missile divisions and Matra BAe Dynamics. ... The MBDA Apache is a French-developed air-launched anti-runway missile, manufactured by European arms company MBDA. The Apache system is a variant of the SCALP EG. While the SCALP uses a single high-penetration warhead, the Apaches effect is obtained by dispersal of cluster submunitions. ...

Characteristics

The stealthy missile has a range in excess of 150 mi (250 km), is powered by a turbojet at Mach 0.8 and can be carried by the Tornado GR4, Italian Tornado IDS, Eurofighter Typhoon, Harrier GR7, Dassault Mirage 2000, F-35 Joint Strike Fighter and Dassault Rafale aircraft. The BROACH warhead features an initial penetrating charge to clear soil or enter a bunker, then a variable delay fuse to control detonation of the main warhead. The missile weighs about 1300 kg has a maximum body diameter of 1 m and a wingspan of 3 m. Intended targets are command, control and communications; airfield facilities; port facilities; AMS/ammunition storage; ships/submarines in ports and bridges. The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine fighters, which was jointly developed by the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy. ... Tornado GR4 The Tornado GR4 is a Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) originally designed for low-level penetration to attack ground targets, now increasingly used to deliver stand-off weapons and guided bombs at medium altitude. ... The Tornado GR4 is a Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) used for low-level penetration to attack ground targets. ... The Eurofighter Typhoon is a twin-engine multi-role canard-delta strike fighter aircraft, designed and built by a consortium of European aerospace manufacturers, Eurofighter GmbH, formed in 1983. ... RAF Harrier GR7 The Harrier GR5, GR7, GR7A, GR9 and GR9A are all Royal Air Force variants of the BAE Systems/Boeing Harrier II. The Harrier II was initially a cooperative effort between McDonnel Douglas (US) and Hawker-Siddeley (UK). ... A Mirage 2000 of the Indian Air Force The Mirage 2000 is a French-built multi-role fighter manufactured by Dassault Aviation. ... The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) is a military fighter aircraft designed by the United States and the United Kingdom. ... The Rafale is a highly agile French twin-engined delta-wing multi-role fighter aircraft designed and built by Dassault Aviation. ... The BROACH warhead is an advanced multi-stage warhead developed by Team BROACH; BAE Systems Land Systems Munitions & Ordnance, Thales Missile Electronics and QinetiQ. BROACH stands for Bomb Royal Ordnance Augmented CHarge. ...

It is a fire and forget missile, programmed before launch. Once launched, the missile cannot be controlled, its target information changed or be self-destroyed. Mission planners programme the missile with the target air defences and target. The missile follows a path semi-autonomously, on a low flight path guided by GPS and terrain matching to the area of the target. Fire and forget is a third-generation method of missile guidance. ... GPS satellite in orbit, image courtesy NASA The Global Positioning System, usually called GPS, is the only fully-functional satellite navigation system. ...

Close to the target, the missile bunts, climbing to an altitude intended to achieve the best probability of target identification and penetration. During the bunt, the nose cone is jettisoned to allow a high resolution infrared camera to see the target area (ostensibly better visibility is provided by the bunt). The missile then tries to locate its target based upon its targeting information. If it can not and there is a high risk of collateral damage, it will fly to a crash point instead of risking inaccuracy. An infrared camera, or a thermographic camera, is a device that forms an image using infrared radiation, similar to a common camera that forms an image using visible light. ...

This semi-autonomous flight and dual-stage warhead make the missile unique among cruise missiles. A comparable munition, the Tomahawk has similar characteristics, and longer range, but lacks the target-aquisition and concrete-penetration capability of the Storm Shadow. A Tomahawk cruise missile A cruise missile is a guided missile which uses a lifting wing and most often a jet propulsion system to allow sustained flight. ... A Tomahawk cruise missile The Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM) is a long-range, all-weather, subsonic cruise missile with stubby wings. ...

Matra BAe Dynamics (UK) was the main UK contractor and Matra BAe Dynamics (France) the main French contractor this reduced overheads.

History

The initial contract for Storm Shadow was placed with Matra BAe Dynamics by the UK Ministry of Defence in February 1997. In January 1998, France ordered 500 SCALP missiles. Matra BAe Dynamics was formed in August 1996 by merger of half the missile business of Matra Defense of France and BAe Dynamics (a division of British Aerospace) of the UK and was Europes largest manufacturer of missiles and UAVs. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

The first successful fully-guided firing of the STORM SHADOW / SCALP EG took place at the CEL Biscarosse range in France at the end of December 2000. The launching aircraft was a Mirage 2000 N. On May 25, 2001 the first firing from a Tornado took place, from BAE Warton in the UK. May 25 is the 145th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (146th in leap years). ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

Storm Shadow entered service with the Royal Air Force in 2002. It was first used during the 2003 invasion of Iraq by No. 617 Squadron. The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... This article regards the 2003 invasion of iraq. ... No. ...

On 12 September 2006 three Italian Tornado IDS with one C-130J takeoff for the Overberg polygon in south Africa to complete the integration of the Storm Shadow in the Tornado of the airforce. The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine fighters, which was jointly developed by the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy. ... The Lockheed C-130 Hercules, a four-engine turboprop aircraft, is the main tactical air transport aircraft of the United States and UK military forces. ...

Future development

MBDA are developing a longer range sea-launched variant, to be called SCALP Naval, to be launched from surface and submarines using the A70 version of the SYLVER launcher on the former. The range is to be increased to at least 1200 km according to rumours, thus necessitating the use of A70. This is deemed necessary to make SCALP Naval a credible competitor to the Tomahawk missile. Aster 15 SYLVER launchers on the Charles de Gaulle The SYLVER is a vertical missile launcher designed by DCN. The primary application of the launcher has been the MBDA Aster missile. ... A Tomahawk cruise missile The Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM) is a long-range, all-weather, subsonic cruise missile with stubby wings. ...

The Storm Shadow was suggested as part of the RAF's Future Offensive Air System, possibly using a non-penetrating aircraft (e.g. C-130J or A400M) deploying large numbers of the missile. The FOAS study was cancelled in 2005, although the Storm Shadow may still be included in future studies. BAE SYSTEMS FOAS Concept The Future Offensive Air System is the system which will replace the RAFs strike capability currently provided by the Tornado GR4. ... The Lockheed C-130 Hercules, a four-engine turboprop aircraft, is the main tactical air transport aircraft of the United States and UK military forces. ... The Airbus A400M (M for military) is a four engine turboprop aircraft designed by Airbus Military to meet the demand of European nations for a new military cargo aircraft. ...

Inventory

The following countries have ordered Storm Shadow / SCALP, in these quantities:

•  France: 500 ordered in January 1998 for the French Air Force
•  Greece: 90 ordered in August 2000 for the Hellenic Air Force
•  Italy: 200 for the Aeronautica Militare
•  United Arab Emirates: Undisclosed number of the variant called Black Shaheen
•  United Kingdom: 900 for the Royal Air Force

Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... The French Air Force is the air force branch of the French Armed Forces. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... The Hellenic Air Force (Greek Πολεμική Αεροπορία) is the primary air force of Greece. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Coat of arms of the Italian Air Force The Aeronautica Militare Italiana is the Italian air force. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ...

References

• Eklund, Dylan. "Fire and Brimstone: The RAF's 21st Century Missiles", RAF Magazine, 2006, pp. 19-25.

External websites

• MBDA's Storm Shadow / SCALP page
• RAF long-range air-to surface missiles page
• FAS
• Global Security.org
• Storm Shadow Programme Update