| The Storming of the Bastille | | Part of French Revolution |
Prise de la Bastille, by Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent Houel | | | | Belligerents |
 French government |
 Parisian militia (predecessor of France's National Guard) | | Commanders |
Bernard-René de Launay †
Prince de Lambesc |
Camille Desmoulins | | Strength | | 114 soldiers, 30 artillery pieces | 600 - 1,000 insurgents | | Casualties and losses | | 1 (6 or possibly 8 killed after surrender. See discussion page) | 98 | The Storming of the Bastille in Paris occurred on 14 July 1789. While the medieval fortress and prison known as the Bastille contained only seven prisoners, its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution and it subsequently became an icon of the French Republic. In France, Le quatorze juillet (14 July) is a public holiday, formally known as the Fête de la Fédération (Federation Holiday). It is usually called Bastille Day in English. The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on...
Image File history File links Prise_de_la_Bastille. ...
is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
This article is about the capital of France. ...
This article is about the building. ...
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For the administrative and social structures of early modern France, see Ancien Régime in France. ...
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This article is about the capital of France. ...
Lebanese Kataeb militia The term Militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary [1] citizens to provide defense, emergency, law enforcement, or paramilitary service, and those engaged in such activity, without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. ...
Founded in Paris after the fall of the Bastille in July 1789, the National Guard passed from the historical stage in the wake of the destruction of the Paris Commune in May 1871. ...
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Bernard René Jourdan, marquis de Launay (1740-1789) was a French governor of the Bastille, the son of a previous governor, and commander of its garrison when it was stormed on July 14, 1789 (see Storming of the Bastille). ...
Temporary grave of an American machine-gunner during the Battle of Normandy. ...
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Portrait of Camille Desmoulins Lucie Simplice Camille Benoist Desmoulins (March 2, 1760 – April 5, 1794) was a French journalist and politician who played an important part in the French Revolution. ...
This article is about the capital of France. ...
is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ...
This article is about the building. ...
The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on...
The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. ...
is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Bastille Day is the French national holiday, celebrated on 14 July each year. ...
This article is about the French holiday. ...
Background
During the reign of Louis XVI, France faced a major financial crisis, triggered by the cost of intervening in the American War of Independence, and exacerbated by an unequal system of taxation. On 5 May 1789, the Estates-General of 1789 convened to deal with this issue, but was held back by archaic protocols and the conservatism of the Second Estate. The Second Estate consisted of the nobility and was 2% of France's population at the time. There was a First Estate as well, and this consisted of Catholic Church leaders, and this Estate took up 1% of France's population at the time. On 17 June 1789, the representatives of the Third Estate, which was the middle class, or bourgeoisie, that took up 97% of France's population at the time, reconstituted themselves as the National Assembly, a body whose purpose was the creation of a French constitution. The king initially opposed this development, but was forced to acknowledge the authority of the assembly, which subsequently renamed itself the National Constituent Assembly on 9 July. The fall of the Bastille became a national holiday in France Louis XVI, born Louis-Auguste de France (23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) ruled as King of France and Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792. ...
This article is about military actions only. ...
is the 125th day of the year (126th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
The Estates-General (or States-General) of 1789 (French: Les États-Généraux de 1789) was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly consisting of representatives from all but the poorest segment of the French citizenry. ...
In France of the ancien régime and the age of the French Revolution, the term Second Estate (Fr. ...
is the 168th day of the year (169th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
In France of the ancien régime and the age of the French Revolution, the term Third Estate (tiers état) indicated the generality of people which were not part of the clergy (the First Estate) nor of the nobility (the Second Estate). ...
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was a transitional body between the Estates-General and the National Constituent Assembly that existed from June 17 to July 9 of 1789. ...
The National Constituent Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale constituante) was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. ...
is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Following the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, the revolution began to grow. This would be the third stage in the revolution. The first had been the revolt of the nobility, refusing to aid King Louis XVI through the payment of taxes.[1] The second stage had been the formation of the National Assembly and the Tennis Court Oath. The revolt of the people encompasses the third stage, with the storming of the Bastille and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen. is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Sketch by Jacques-Louis David of the Tennis Court Oath. ...
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen: Revolutionary patriotism borrows familiar iconography of the Ten Commandments. ...
The middle class had formed the National Guard, sporting tricolor rosettes of red, white and blue; soon to become the symbol of the revolution. The "Great Fear" had spread across the countryside, with attacks on wealthy landlords impelled by the belief that the aristocracy was trying to put down the revolution.
Paris, close to insurrection, and, in François Mignet's words, "intoxicated with liberty and enthusiasm," showed wide support for the Assembly. (Mignet, History…, Chapter I) The press published the Assembly's debates; political debate spread beyond the Assembly itself into the public squares and halls of the capital. The Palais Royal and its grounds became the site of an endless meeting. The crowd, on the authority of the meeting at the Palais Royal, broke open the prisons of the Abbaye to release some grenadiers of the French guards, reportedly imprisoned for refusing to fire on the people. The Assembly recommended the imprisoned guardsmen to the clemency of the king; they returned to prison, and received pardon. The rank and file of the regiment, previously considered reliable, now leaned toward the popular cause. This article is about the capital of France. ...
François Auguste Alexis Mignet (May 8, 1796 - March 24, 1884) was a French historian. ...
Gardens of the Palais-Royal: The illustration, from an 1863 guide to Paris, enlarges the apparent scale. ...
This article is about an abbey as a religious building. ...
Necker's dismissal  A Statue by Jean Boucher commemorating the storming of the Bastille, depicting Camille Desmoulins supported by sans-coulottes On 11 July 1789, with troops at Versailles, Sèvres, the Champ de Mars, and Saint-Denis, Louis XVI, acting under the influence of the conservative nobles of his privy council, banished his finance minister, Jacques Necker, who had been sympathetic to the Third Estate, and completely reconstructed the ministry. The marshal Victor-François, duc de Broglie, la Galissonnière, the duc de la Vauguyon, the Baron Louis de Breteuil, and the intendant Foulon, took over the posts of Puységur, Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin, La Luzerne, Saint-Priest, and Necker. The History of France has been divided into a series of separate historical articles navigable through the list to the right. ...
Gaul (Latin: ) was the name given, in ancient times, to the region of Western Europe comprising present-day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ...
Gaul in the Roman Empire Roman Gaul consisted of an area of provincial rule in what would become modern day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and western Germany. ...
This article is about the Frankish people and society. ...
This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
For the administrative and social structures of early modern France, see Ancien Régime in France. ...
The history of France in Modern Times I (1792-1920) extends from the fall of the Ancien Régime and the proclamation of the First French Republic on 1792 September 21 to the demission of the French wartime Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau on 1920 January 18. ...
The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on...
The Estates-General (or States-General) of 1789 (French: Les États-Généraux de 1789) was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly consisting of representatives from all but the poorest segment of the French citizenry. ...
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was a transitional body between the Estates-General and the National Constituent Assembly that existed from June 17 to July 9 of 1789. ...
The National Constituent Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale constituante) was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. ...
The National Constituent Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale constituante) was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. ...
The French Revolution was a period in the history of France covering the years 1789 to 1799, in which republicans overthrew the Bourbon monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church perforce underwent radical restructuring. ...
The French Revolution was a period in the history of France covering the years 1789 to 1799, in which republicans overthrew the Bourbon monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church perforce underwent radical restructuring. ...
During the French Revolution, the Legislative Assembly was the legislature of France from October 1, 1791 to September 1792. ...
The French Revolution was a period in the history of France covering the years 1789 to 1799, in which republicans overthrew the Bourbon monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church perforce underwent radical restructuring. ...
This article is about the legislative body and constitutional convention during the French Revolution. ...
For other uses of terror, see Terror; Great Fear . ...
Executive Directory (in French Directoire exécutif), commonly known as the Directory (or Directoire) held executive power in France from November 2, 1795 until November 10, 1799: following the Convention and preceding the Consulate. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
This is a glossary of the French Revolution. ...
Timeline of the French Revolution // The Enlightenment, which led to many European writers criticising the Monarchy and espousing democratic, liberalist, nationalist and socialist ideas. ...
Combatants Great Britain Austria Prussia Spain[1] Russia Sardinia Ottoman Empire Portugal Dutch Republic[2] France The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts, from 1792 until 1802, fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states. ...
This is a partial list of people associated with the French Revolution, including supporters and opponents. ...
The historiography of the French Revolution stretches back two hundred years to the event itself. ...
Map of the First French Empire in 1811, with the Empire in dark blue and satellite states in light blue Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Constitutional Monarchy Emperor - 1804 - 1814/1815 Napoleon I - 1814/1815 Napoleon II Legislature Parliament - Upper house Senate - Lower house Corps législatif Historical era...
Kingdom of France Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy King of France and Navarre - 1814-1824 Louis XVIII - 1824-1830 Charles X - 1830 Louis XIX - 1830 Henri V Legislature Parliament History - Louis XVIII restored 6 April, 1814 - July Revolution 21 January, 1830 Currency French Franc Following the ousting of...
Kingdom of France Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy King of the French - 1830-1848 Louis-Phillipe Legislature Parliament - Upper house Chamber of Peers - Lower house Chamber of Deputies History - July Revolution 1830 - Revolution of 1848 1848 Currency French Franc The July Monarchy (1830-1848) was a period of...
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Map of the French Second Empire Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy Emperor - 1852-1870 Napoleon III Legislature Parliament - Upper house Senate - Lower house Corps législatif History - French coup of 1851 December 2 1851 - Established 1852 - Disestablished September 4, 1870 Currency French Franc The Second French Empire or...
Motto Liberté, égalité, fraternité (Liberty, equality, brotherhood) Anthem La Marseillaise The French Third Republic, pre-World War I Capital Paris Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholicism, protestantism and judaism official religions (until 1905), None (from 1905 until 1940) (Law on the separation of Church and State of 1905) Government Republic...
The History of France from 1914 to the present, includes the later years of the Third French Republic (1871-1941), the Vichy Regime (1940-1944), the years after Libération (1944-1946), the French Fourth Republic (1946-1958) and the French Fifth Republic (since 1958) and also includes World War...
is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
This article is about the city of Versailles. ...
Road to Sèvres, Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, 1855-1865. ...
View of Champ de Mars from the top of the Eiffel Tower The Champ_de_Mars is a vast public area in Paris, France, located in the 7th arrondissement, between the Eiffel Tower to the northwest and the cole Militaire to the southeast. ...
Saint-Denis is a commune of France, in the Seine-Saint-Denis département, of which it is a sous-préfecture. ...
A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation, typically in a monarchy. ...
Jacques Necker Jacques Necker (September 30, 1732 – April 9, 1804) was a French statesman of Swiss origin and finance minister of Louis XVI. // Necker was born in Geneva, Switzerland. ...
Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie (19 October 1718–30 March 1804) was a French aristocrat and soldier and a marshal of France. ...
Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière, Marquis de La Galissonière (sometimes Galissonnière) (10 November 1693 – 26 October 1756) was the French governor of New France from 1747 to 1749. ...
Louis-Auguste le Tonnelier Louis-Auguste le Tonnelier, baron de Breteuil, baron de Preuilly (March 7, 1730 – November 2, 1807) was a French aristocrat, statesman and politician. ...
Joseph-François Foulon Joseph-François Foulon de Doué (June 25, 1715, Saumur - July 22, 1789, Paris) was a French politician and the minister of finance for Louis XVI for a few days after Neckers second dismissal. ...
Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin de Saint Herem (1745-1792), was a French statesman. ...
César-Guillaume La Luzerne (b. ...
Saint-Priest may refer to: Places Saint-Priest is the name or part of the name of several communes in France: Saint-Priest, in the Ardèche département Saint-Priest, in the Creuse département Saint-Priest, in the Rhône département Saint-Priest-Bramefant, in the Puy...
News of Necker's dismissal reached Paris in the afternoon of Sunday, 12 July. The Parisians generally presumed that the dismissal marked the start of a coup by conservative elements. Liberal Parisians were further enraged by the fear that a concentration of Royal troops brought to Versailles from frontier garrisons would attempt to shut down the National Constituent Assembly (which was meeting in Versailles). Crowds gathered throughout Paris, including more than ten thousand at the Palais Royal. Camille Desmoulins, a known freemason from the lodge of the Nine Sisters, according to Mignet, successfully rallied the crowd by "mounting a table, pistol in hand, exclaiming: 'Citizens, there is no time to lose; the dismissal of Necker is the knell of a Saint Bartholomew for patriots! This very night all the Swiss and German battalions will leave the Champ de Mars to massacre us all; one resource is left; to take arms!'" (Mignet, History…, Chapter I). is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
The National Constituent Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale constituante) was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. ...
Gardens of the Palais-Royal: The illustration, from an 1863 guide to Paris, enlarges the apparent scale. ...
Portrait of Camille Desmoulins Lucie Simplice Camille Benoist Desmoulins (March 2, 1760 – April 5, 1794) was a French journalist and politician who played an important part in the French Revolution. ...
Freemasons redirects here. ...
Painting by François Dubois (born about 1529, Amiens, Picardy) The St. ...
The Swiss and German regiments referred to were amongst the foreign mercenary troops who made up a significant portion of the pre-revolutionary Royal Army. They were seen as being less likely to be affected by popular unrest than the ordinary French soldiers. About half of the 25,000 regular troops concentrated around Paris and Versailles by early July were drawn from these foreign regiments. For other uses, see Mercenary (disambiguation). ...
Armed conflict A growing crowd, brandishing busts of Necker and of the Duke of Orleans, passed through the streets to the Place Vendôme, where they put a detachment of the Royal-Allemand Cavalerie (a heavy cavalry regiment recruited from German speaking Alsace) to flight by a shower of stones. At the Place Louis XV, the Royal-Allemand, led by the Prince de Lambesc, shot the bearer of one of the busts; a soldier was also killed. Lambesc and his troopers rode into the crowd and a single civilian, reportedly an elderly man, was killed. Duke of Orléans is one of the most important titles in the French peerage, dating back at least to the 14th century. ...
Communards pose with the statue from the toppled Vendôme column, 1871 Place Vendôme is a square in the 1st arrondissement of Paris located to the north of the Tuileries Gardens and east of the Église de la Madeleine. ...
The Place de la Concorde seen from the Pont de la Concorde; in front, the Obelisk, behind, the Rue Royale and the Church of the Madeleine; on the left, the Hôtel de Crillon. ...
The regiment of Gardes Françaises (French Guards) formed the permanent garrison of Paris and with many local ties was favourably disposed towards the popular cause. This regiment had remained confined to its barracks during the initial stages of the mid-July disturbances. With Paris becoming a general riot, Lambesc, not trusting the regiment to obey this order, posted sixty dragoons to station themselves before its dépôt in the Chaussée d'Antin. Once again, a measure intended to restrain only served to provoke. The French Guards regiment routed the cavalry, killing two, wounding three, and putting the rest to flight. The officers of the French Guards made ineffectual attempts to rally their men. The rebellious citizenry had now acquired a trained military contingent; as word of this spread, the commanders of the royal forces encamped on the Champ de Mars became doubtful of the dependabilty of even the foreign regiments. The future "Citizen King", Louis-Phillipe witnessed these events as a young officer and opined that the soldiers would have obeyed orders if put to the test. He also commented that the officers of the French Guards had neglected their responsibilities in the period before the rising, leaving the regiment too much to the control of its non-commissioned officers. However the uncertain leadership of the Baron de Besenval led to a virtual abdication of royal authority in central Paris. Founded in 1563, the Gardes françaises regiment counted 30 companies en 1635 with 300 fusiliers per company. ...
This article is about the capital of France. ...
The rue de la Chaussée-dAntin, in the IXe arrondissement of Paris was the street that gave this new quarter of Paris its generic name. ...
Louis-Philippe I, King of the French (October 6, 1773 – August 26, 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. ...
A non-commissioned officer (sometimes noncommissioned officer), also known as an NCO or Noncom, is an enlisted member of an armed force who has been given authority by a commissioned officer. ...
The demonstrators gathered in and around the Hôtel de Ville and sounded the tocsin. Distrust between the leading citizens gathered within the building and the masses outside was exacerbated by the failure or inability of the former to provide the latter with arms. Between political insurrection and opportunistic looting, Paris slid into chaos. In Versailles, the Assembly went into continuous session so that it could not, once again, be deprived of its meeting space.[2] The Hôtel de Ville houses the office of the Mayor of Paris. ...
A tocsin consists of a signal of alarm given by the ringing of a bell, and hence any warning or danger signal. ...
Storming the Bastille The demonstrators invaded the Hôtel des Invalides to gather arms (29,000 to 32,000 muskets without powder or shot). At this point, the Bastille was nearly empty of prisoners, housing only seven inmates: four forgers, two "lunatics" and one "deviant" aristocrat, the Comte de Solages (the Marquis de Sade had been transferred out ten days earlier). The cost of maintaining a medieval fortress and garrison for so limited a purpose had led to a decision being taken to close it, shortly before the disturbances began. It was, however, a symbol of royal tyranny. The church at the Invalides, with its dome Les Invalides in Paris, France consists of a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement, now containing museums and monuments, all relating to Frances military history, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans, the buildings...
Forgery is the process of making or adapting objects or documents (see false document), with the intention to deceive. ...
Donatien Alphonse François de Sade (Marquis de Sade) (June 2, 1740 – December 2, 1814) (pronounced IPA: ) was a French aristocrat, french revolutionary and writer of philosophy-laden and often violent pornography. ...
The attackers were mainly seeking to acquire the large quantities of arms and ammunition stored there - on the 14th there were over 13,600 kg (30,000 lb) of gunpowder stored at the Bastille. The regular garrison consisted of 82 invalides (veteran soldiers no longer suitable for service in the field). It had however been reinforced on 7 July by 32 grenadiers of the Swiss Salis-Samade Regiment from the troops on the Champ de Mars. The walls mounted eighteen eight-pound guns and twelve smaller pieces. The governor was Bernard-René de Launay, son of the previous governor and actually born within the Bastille. A modern black powder substitute for muzzleloading rifles in FFG size Gunpowder (also called black powder) is a pyrotechnic composition, an explosive mixture of sulfur, charcoal and potassium nitrate (also known as saltpetre or saltpeter) that burns rapidly, producing volumes of hot solids and gases which can be used as...
is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Bernard René Jourdan, marquis de Launay (1740-1789) was a French governor of the Bastille, the son of a previous governor, and commander of its garrison when it was stormed on July 14, 1789 (see Storming of the Bastille). ...
The list of vainqueurs de la Bastille has around 600 names and the total of the crowd was probably less than a thousand. The crowd gathered outside around mid-morning, calling for the surrender of the prison, the removal of the guns and the release of the arms and gunpowder. Two representatives of the crowd outside were invited into the fortress and negotiations began, and another was admitted around noon with definite demands. The negotiations dragged on while the crowd grew and became impatient.
Around 13:30 (1:30 PM) the crowd surged into the undefended outer courtyard and the chains on the drawbridge to the inner courtyard were cut - crushing one unfortunate vainqueur. About this time gunfire began, though which side actually fired first will never be conclusively decided. The crowd seemed to have felt it had been drawn into a trap and the fighting became more violent and intense, while attempts by deputies to organize a cease-fire were ignored by the attackers. Drawbridge at the fort of Ponta da Bandeira; Lagos, Portugal A drawbridge is a type of movable bridge typically associated with the entrance of a castle, but the term is often used to describe all different types of movable bridges, like bascule bridges and lift bridges. ...
The firing continued and at 15:00 (3:00 PM) the attackers were reinforced by mutinous gardes françaises and other deserters from among the regular troops, carrying weapons taken from the Invalides building earlier in the day and also two cannons. With the possibility of a mutual massacre suddenly apparent Governor de Launay ordered a cease fire at 17:00 (5:00 PM). A letter offering his terms was stuck through a gap in the inner gates and acrobatically retrieved by the besiegers. The demands were refused but de Launay capitulated because he realized that his troops could not hold out much longer and opened gates to the inner courtyard and the vainqueurs swept in to liberate the fortress at 17:30 (5:30 PM). The church at the Invalides, with its dome Les Invalides in Paris, France consists of a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement, now containing museums and monuments, all relating to Frances military history, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans, the buildings...
Ninety-eight attackers and just one defender had died in the actual fighting. De Launay was seized and dragged towards the Hôtel de Ville in a storm of abuse. Outside the Hôtel a discussion as to his fate began. The tormented de Launay who had been badly beaten shouted "Enough! Let me die!" and kicked a pastry cook named Desnot in the groin. De Launay was then stabbed repeatedly and fell to the street, his head was sawn off and fixed on a pike to be carried through the streets. The three officers of the permanent Bastille garrison were also killed by the crowd and police reports have survived detailing their wounds and clothing. Two of the invalides of the garrison were lynched but all but two of the Swiss regulars of the Salis-Samade Regiment were protected by the French Guards and eventually released to return to their regiment. Their officer, Lieutenant Louis de Flue, wrote a detailed report on the defence of the Bastille which was incorporated in the log book of the Salis-Samade and has survived. It is (perhaps unfairly) critical of the dead Marquis de Launay, whom de Flue accuses of weak and indecisive leadership. The blame for the fall of the Bastille would rather appear to lie with the inertia of the commanders of the substantial force of Royal Army troops encamped on the Champs de Mars, who made no effort to intervene when the nearby Hotel des Invalides or the Bastille itself came under attack. In French, a hôtel de ville or mairie is a town hall (and not a hotel). ...
Returning to the Hôtel de Ville, the mob accused the 'prévôt es marchands' (roughly, mayor) Jacques de Flesselles of treachery; "en route" to an ostensible trial at the Palais Royal, he was assassinated. Jacques de Flesselles (1721–July 14, 1789) was a French provost, a post roughly equivalent to mayor. ...
Aftermath
 The sans culottes, wearing iconic phrygian caps and tricolor rosettes The citizenry of Paris, expecting a counterattack, entrenched the streets, built barricades of paving stones, and armed themselves as well as they could, especially with improvised pikes. Meanwhile, at Versailles, the Assembly remained ignorant of most of the Paris events, but eminently aware that Marshal de Broglie stood on the brink of unleashing a pro-Royalist coup to force the Assembly to adopt the order of 23 June [1] and then to dissolve. The Viscount de Noailles apparently first brought reasonably accurate news of the Paris events to Versailles. M. Ganilh and Bancal-des-Issarts, dispatched to the Hôtel de Ville, confirmed his report. Image File history File linksMetadata Sansculottes. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Sansculottes. ...
Painted rendition of a sans-culottes. ...
is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Louis-Marie, vicomte de Noailles (April 17, 1756–January 9, 1804) was the second son of Philippe, duc de Mouchy, and a member of Mouchy branch of the famous Noailles family of the French aristocracy. ...
By the morning of 15 July the outcome appeared clear to the king as well, and he and his military commanders backed down. The Royal troops concentrated around Paris were dispersed to their frontier garrisons. The Marquis de la Fayette took up command of the National Guard at Paris; Jean-Sylvain Bailly — leader of the Third Estate and instigator of the Tennis Court Oath — became the city's mayor under a new governmental structure known as the commune. The king announced that he would recall Necker and return from Versailles to Paris; on 27 July, in Paris, he accepted a tricolor cockade from Bailly and entered the Hôtel de Ville, as cries of "Long live the King" were changed to "Long live the Nation". is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Marie-Joseph-Paul-Roch-Yves-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette (September 6, 1757–May 20, 1834), was a French aristocrat most famous for his participation in the American Revolutionary War and early French Revolution. ...
Jean Sylvain Bailly Jean-Sylvain Bailly (September 15, 1736 – November 12, 1793), French astronomer and orator, was one of the leaders of the early part of the French Revolution. ...
Sketch by Jacques-Louis David of the Tennis Court Oath. ...
The Paris Commune during the French Revolution was the government of Paris from 1789 until 1795, and especially from 1792 until 1795. ...
is the 208th day of the year (209th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
The national flag of France (known in French as drapeau tricolore, drapeau bleu-blanc-rouge, drapeau français, rarely, le tricolore and, in military parlance, les couleurs) is a tricolour featuring three vertical bands coloured blue (hoist side), white, and red. ...
The Tricolore cockade of France. ...
Nonetheless, after this violence, nobles — little assured by the apparent and, as it was to prove, temporary reconciliation of king and people — started to flee the country as émigrés. Early émigrés included the comte d'Artois (the future Charles X of France) and his two sons, the prince de Condé, the prince de Conti, the Polignac family, and (slightly later) Charles Alexandre de Calonne, the former finance minister. They settled at Turin, where Calonne, as agent for the count d'Artois and the prince de Condé, began plotting civil war within the kingdom and agitating for a European coalition against France. Émigré is a French term that shows how Martin B. loves stephanie. ...
Charles X (October 9, 1757 – November 6, 1836) ruled as King of France and Navarre from 1824 until the French Revolution of 1830, when he abdicated. ...
Louis Joseph of Bourbon or Louis V (August 9, 1736 – May 13, 1818) was Prince of Condé from 1740 to his death. ...
Louis François Joseph de Bourbon (September 1, 1734 - March 13, 1814) was Prince of Conti, succeding his father Louis François I. Louis François possessed considerable talent as a soldier, and distinguished himself during the Seven Years War. ...
Polignac is a French card game for four players. ...
Charles Alexandre de Calonne, portrait by Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun. ...
Torino redirects here. ...
Necker returned from Basel to Paris in triumph (which proved short-lived). He discovered upon his arrival that the mob had cruelly murdered Foulon and Foulon's nephew, Berthier, and that the baron de Besenval (commander under Broglie) was held prisoner. Wishing to avoid further bloodshed, he overplayed his hand by demanding and obtaining a general amnesty, voted by the assembly of electors of Paris. In demanding amnesty rather than merely a just tribunal, Necker misjudged the weight of the political forces. He overestimated the power of the ad hoc assembly, which almost immediately revoked the amnesty to save their own role, and perhaps their own skins, instituting a trial court at Châtelet. Mignet counts this as the moment when the Revolution left Necker behind. For other uses, see Basel (disambiguation). ...
Pierre Victor Besenval de Bronstatt (1722-1794), was a French soldier, born at Soleure. ...
Châtelet can refer to: The city of Châtelet, Belgium. ...
The successful insurrection at Paris spread throughout France. In accord with principles of popular sovereignty and with complete disregard for claims of royal authority, the people created a parallel structure of municipalities for civic government and militia for civic protection. In rural areas, many went beyond this: some burned title-deeds and no small number of châteaux. Popular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people is the belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power. ...
Fiction Historical fiction accounts of the storming of the Bastille can be found in the novels A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens, and Ange Pitou, by Alexandre Dumas. The event also comprises an important part in the Rose of Versailles franchise of Riyoko Ikeda. For other uses, see A Tale of Two Cities (disambiguation). ...
Dickens redirects here. ...
Alexandre Dumas redirects here. ...
The Rose of Versailles (ベルサイユのばら Berusaiyu no bara), by Riyoko Ikeda, is one of the best-known titles in shōjo manga. ...
Riyoko Ikeda (æ± ç”° ç†ä»£å Ikeda Riyoko, born 1947) is a Japanese mangaka. ...
References - ^ Gross, David (ed.) We Won’t Pay!: A Tax Resistance Reader ISBN 1434898253 pp. 139-153
- ^ The French Revolution 2002
Encyclopædia Britannica, the eleventh edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ...
The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...
The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...
François Auguste Alexis Mignet (May 8, 1796 - March 24, 1884) was a French historian. ...
1824 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive and distribute cultural works. ...
Further reading - Relatation de la prise de la Bastille le 14 juillet par un de ses défenseurs
- 1789 L'annee cruciale, E. Braesch (Paris, 1948)
- A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens.
External links - Thomas Jefferson's letter to John Jay recounting the storming of the Bastille
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