This article is part of the Neo-fascism series. This series is linked to the Politics and Elections series This page pertains to fascism after World War II. For a discussion of groups and movements that also include as core tenets racial nationalism, antisemitism, and praise for Hitler, see Neo-Nazism. ... Image File history File links Fasces_stylized. ... Politics is the process by which groups make decisions. ...

Definition Definitions of fascism What constitutes fascism and fascist governments is a highly disputed subject that has proved complicated and contentious. ... Varieties of Neo-fascism Neo-Nazism Neofascism and religion Crypto-fascism Neo-Nazi groups of the United States The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... The study of Neofascism and religion is a controversial area that examines the parallels and intersections between what are purported to be various forms of neofascism and contemporary religions and religious movements. ... Crypto-fascism is when a party or group secretly adheres to the doctrines of fascism while attempting to disguise it as another political movement. ... There have been several neo-Nazi groups in the United States. ... Origins of Neo-fascism Fascism Nazism Clerical fascism Fascism is a political ideology and mass movement that seeks to place the nation, defined in exclusive biological, cultural, and/or historical terms, above all other sources of loyalty, and to create a mobilized national community. ... National Socialism redirects here. ... Clerical fascism is an ideological construct that combines the political and economic doctrines of fascism with theology or religious tradition. ... Neo-fascist political parties and movements American Nazi Party Aryan Nations British Movement British National Party Creativity Movement Deutsche Reichspartei Hrisi Avgi (Greece) International Third Position Italian Social Movement National Alliance National Renaissance Party National Social Front National Socialist Front National Socialist Japanese Workers and Welfare Party National Socialist Movement (United States) National Socialist Party of America Noua Dreaptă (Romania) November 9th Society Official National Front Russian National Unity Social Action Socialist Reich Party Union Movement World Union of National Socialists This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Aryan Nations (AN) is an American anti-government, anti-Semitic white nationalist group. ... The British Movement was a British neo-Nazi group. ... This article is about the modern party. ... The Creativity Movement is a racialist, and White-supremacist organization that advocates a White Religion called Creativity. ... Deutsche Reichspartei (German Empire Party) was a right-wing party, founded in 1950 from the previous Deutsche Rechtspartei (German Rights party), which had been set up in Pomerania in 1946 and had five members in the first German Parliament. ... Hrisi Avgis logo, featuring a meander pattern. ... International Third Position (ITP) was a United Kingdom group formed by the Italian Roberto Fiore and as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement that originated in the Third Positionist British National Front in the early 1980s. ... The Italian Social Movement (Movimento sociale italiano ) (MSI) was a neo-Fascist party formed 1946 in the post-World War II period by supporters of the executed dictator Benito Mussolini under the lead of Giorgio Almirante. ... This article refers to the United States-based organization. ... National Renaissance Party was an American neo-fascist group lead by James Hartung Madole. ... Fronte Sociale Nazionale is an Italian far right political party. ... // About the party The National Socialist Front (Swedish: Nationalsocialistisk Front), also known as the NSF, is Swedens greatest national socialistic political party. ... The Logo of the National Socialist Japanese Workers Party The National Socialist Japanese Workers and Welfare Party are a Japanese political party who campaign on a platform of National Socialism. ... This article refers to the American National Socialist Movement; for other organizations see National Socialist Movement. ... National Socialist Party of America leader Frank Collin (seated) announces the groups intention to march through Skokie, Illinois The National Socialist Party of America was an extremist Chicago based neo-Nazi organization founded in 1970 by Frank Collin shortly after he left the National Socialist White Peoples Party. ... A political sticker displaying the Celtic cross and the words identitate naÅ£ională, revoluÅ£ie spirituală (national identity, spiritual revolution). ... Kevin Quinn The November 9th Society is an authoritarian British organisation that espouses National Socialism and supposedly white supremacist goups found in the prominant USA and other countries. ... The Official National Front was the leading movement within the British National Front during the 1980s and stood opposed to the Flag Group. ... The ABC of a Russian Nationalist book by A. Barkashov Russian National Unity (Всероссийское общественное патриотическое движение Русское Национальное Единство or All-Russian civic patriotic movement Russkoye Natsionalnoye Edinstvo) is a nationalistic political party and paramilitary organization based in Russia and operating in states with Russian-speaking populations. ... Azione Sociale (Social Action), previously known as Libertà di Azione (Freedom of Action), is an Italian extremely-conservative and neo-fascist political party, led by Alessandra Mussolini, and a splinter group from Alleanza Nazionale. ... The Socialist Reich Party (German: Sozialistische Reichspartei) was a German political party founded in the aftermath of the Second World War, in 1949, as an openly National Socialist and Hitler-admiring split from the Deutsche Rechtspartei. ... The Union Movement was an extreme right wing political party founded in Britain by Oswald Mosley. ... The World Union of National Socialists was an organisation founded in 1962 as an umbrella group for neo-Nazi organisations across the globe. ... Relevant Lists List of fascists This is a list of persons who self-identify as fascists or adherents to a variant of fascism or related ideology (e. ... 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The Oath of the Horatii, by Jacques-Louis David The Roman salute is a gesture in which the arm is held out forward straight, with palm down. ... International Third Position was a group formed by Nick Griffin and Derek Holland as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... White Power is an ideology and a political slogan describing the views of white supremacists. ...

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Strasserism refers to the strand of neo-Nazism that calls for socialism to be initiated alongside nationalism. It derives its name from Gregor and Otto Strasser, the two dissident Nazis initially associated with this position. The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to social control. ... Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution. ... Gregor Strasser Gregor Strasser (variant German spelling Straßer) (May 31, 1892, Geisenfeld, Germany - June 30, 1934, Berlin) was a politician of the German Nazi Party (NSDAP). ... National Socialism redirects here. ...

Strasser brothers

Gregor Strasser

Main article: Gregor Strasser Gregor Strasser Gregor Strasser (variant German spelling Straßer) (May 31, 1892, Geisenfeld, Germany - June 30, 1934, Berlin) was a politician of the German Nazi Party (NSDAP). ...

Gregor Strasser.

Gregor Strasser (1892-1934) began his career on the far right by joining the Freikorps after serving in World War I. Involved in the Kapp Putsch he formed his own völkischer Wehrverband ("folkish defense union") which he merged into the NSDAP in 1921. Initially a loyal supporter of Adolf Hitler, he took part in the Beer Hall Putsch and held a number of high positions in the Nazi Party. Soon however, Strasser became a strong advocate of the socialist wing of the party, arguing that the national revolution should also include strong action to tackle poverty and should seek to build working class support. Strasser eventually was killed during the Night of the Long Knives. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into far right. ... The designation of Freikorps (German for Free Corps, i. ... Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Franz... The Putsch —or more accurately the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch —was an attempt to overthrow the Weimar Republic, based in opposition to the imposed Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I. It was branded right-wing, monarchist and reactionary afterwards. ... The völkisch movement is the German interpretation of the Populist movement, with a romantic focus on folklore and the organic. ... The Nazi Party, officially known as the National Socialist German Workers Party (German: , or NSDAP), was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. ... Hitler redirects here. ... The Beer Hall Putsch was a failed coup détat that occurred between the evening of Thursday, November 8 and the early afternoon of Friday, November 9, 1923, when the Nazi partys Führer Adolf Hitler, the popular World War I General Erich Ludendorff, and other leaders of the... The term working class is used to denote a social class. ... The Night of the Long Knives (Saturday June 30 and Sunday July 1, 1934) (German, Nacht der langen Messer), also known as Reichsmordwoche, Operation Hummingbird or the Blood Purge, was a lethal purge of Adolf Hitlers potential political rivals in the Sturmabteilung (SA; also known as storm troopers or...

Otto Strasser

Main article: Otto Strasser

Otto Strasser.

Otto Strasser (1897-1974) had also been a member of the Freikorps, but went on to join the SPD and fought against the Kapp putsch. However he joined the Nazi Party in 1925, but nonetheless retained his ideas about the importance of socialism. Considered more of a radical than his brother, Otto Strasser was expelled by the Nazi Party in 1930 and set up his own dissident group, the Black Front, which called for a specifically German nationalist form of socialist revolution. He fled Germany in 1933 to live in Czechoslovakia and Canada before returning to West Germany in later life, all the while writing prolifically about Hitler and what he saw as his betrayal of national socialist ideals. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... SPD redirects here. ... Otto Strasser formed the Black Front after his expulsion from the NSDAP in 1930. ... The storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789 during the French Revolution. ...

Strasserism

The name Strasserism came to be applied to this 'left wing' form of Nazism that developed around the brothers. Although they had been involved in the creation of the NSDAP Programme of 1920, both called on the party to commit to 'breaking the shackles of finance capital'. ^[1] The idea was further developed in 1925 when Otto Strasser published the Nationalsozialistiche Briefe, which discussed notions of class conflict, wealth redistribution and a possible alliance with the Soviet Union. His 1930 follow-up Ministersessel oder Revolution ('Cabinet Seat or Revolution') went further by attacking Hitler's betrayal of the socialist aspect of Nazism, as well as criticizing the notion of Führerprinzip. Whilst Gregor Strasser echoed many of the calls of his brother, his influence on the ideology is less due to his remaining in the Nazi Party longer and his early death. Otto, meanwhile, continued to expand his argument, calling for the break-up of large estates and the development of something akin to a guild system and the related establishment of a Reich cooperative chamber to take a leading role in economic planning. ^[2] In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms that refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially but not exclusively in the American sense of the word... Class conflict is both the friction that accompanies social relationships between members or groups of different social classes and the underlying tensions or antagonisms which exist in society. ... Adolf Hitler made believe he was the incarnation of the Führerprinzip The Führerprinzip, the German name for the leader principle, refers to a system with a hierarchy of leaders that resembles a military structure. ... A guild is an association of craftspeople in a particular trade. ...

Strasserism, therefore, became a distinct strand of neo-Nazism that, whilst holding on to previous Nazi ideals such as militant nationalism and anti-Semitism, added a strong critique of capitalism and framed this in the demand for a more socialist based approach to economics. The Eternal Jew: 1937 German poster. ... This box:      Capitalism generally refers to an economic system in which the means of production are mostly privately [1] owned and operated for profit and in which distribution, production and pricing of goods and services are determined in a largely free market. ...

Influence

During the 1970s the ideas of Strasserism began to be referred to more strongly in European far right groups as younger members with no concrete ties to Hitler and a stronger sense of anti-capitalism. World map exhibiting the location of Europe. ...

Strasserism in Germany

Strasserite thought in Germany began to emerge as a tendency within the National Democratic Party of Germany during the late 1960s. These Strasserites played a leading role in securing the removal of Adolf von Thadden from the leadership and following his departure the party became stronger in condemning Hitler for what it saw as his move away from socialism in order to court business and army leaders. ^[3] For the East German block party, see National Democratic Party of Germany (East Germany) Logo of the NPD The National Democratic Party of Germany (German: Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands, NPD) is a political party in Germany. ... Adolf von Thadden (July 7, 1921–July 16, 1996 in Bad Oeynhausen) was a leading far right German politician. ...

Although initially adopted by the NPD, Strasserism soon became associated with more peripheral extremist figures, notably Michael Kühnen who produced a 1982 pamphlet Farewell to Hitler, which included a strong endorsement of the idea. The Volkssozialistische Bewegung Deutschlands/Partei der Arbeit, a minor extremist movement that was outlawed in 1982 adopted the policy, whilst it successor movement, the Nationalist Front - League of Revolutionary Nationalists, did likewise, with its ten point programme calling for an 'anti-materialist cultural revolution' and an 'anti-capitalist social revolution' to underline its support for the idea. ^[4] The Freiheitliche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei also moved towards these ideas under the leadership of Friedhelm Busse in the late 1980s. ^[5] Michael Kühnen (born 21 June 1955; died 25 April 1991 in Kassel) was a leader in the German neo-Nazi scene. ... Nationalistische Front (Nationalist Front) was a minor German neo-Nazi group active during the 1980s. ... The Free German Workers Party (German: Freiheitliche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, FAP) is a political party in Germany that has been accused of Neo-Nazism. ... Friedhelm Busse in February 2001 Friedhelm Busse (born February 4, 1929 in Bochum) is a leading German neo-Nazi. ...

Strasserism in the UK

Strasserism emerged in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s and centered around the National Front publication Britain First, the main writers of which were David McCalden, Richard Lawson and Denis Pirie. Opposing the leadership of John Tyndall, the formed an alliance with John Kingsley Read and ultimately followed him into the National Party. ^[6] The NP called for British workers to "seize the right to work" and offered a fairly Strasserite economic policy. ^[7] Nonetheless, the NP failed to last for very long, due in part to Read's lack of enthusiasm for Strasserism, the main exponents of the idea drifted away. In the United Kingdom, the British National Front (most commonly called the National Front or NF) is a far right political party that had its heyday during the 1970s and 1980s. ... William David McCalden (20th September 1951-15th October 1990) was a figure in the British far right who went on to become a leading international Holocaust denier. ... Denis Pirie was a veteran of the British far right scene who took a leading role in a number of movements. ... John Tyndall John Hutchyns Tyndall (July 14, 1934 – July 19, 2005) was a far-right British nationalist politician best known for leading the National Front in the 1970s and for founding the British National Party in the 1980s. ... John Kingsley Read (1937 – 1985) was chairman of the British National Front from 1974 to 1976. ... The National Party was formed on January 6, 1976 by John Kingsley Read as a less extreme alternative to the National Front. ...

The idea was reintroduced to the NF by Andrew Brons in the early 1980s when he decided to make the party's ideology more clear. ^[8] However Strasserism was soon to become the province of the radicals in the Official National Front, with Richard Lawson brought in in a behind the scenes role to help direct policy. ^[9]. Ultimately this Political Soldier wing opted for the indigenous alternative of distributism, but nonetheless their strong anti-capitalist rhetoric, as well as that of their International Third Position successor, demonstrated influences of Strasserism. From this background Troy Southgate emerged, whose own ideology and those of related groups such as the English Nationalist Movement and National Revolutionary Faction were influenced by Strasserism. Andrew Brons was a veteran of far right politics in Britain. ... The Official National Front was the leading movement within the British National Front during the 1980s and stood opposed to the Flag Group. ... Political Soldier was a political group within Britains National Front, centred on young radicals Nick Griffin, Patrick Harrington and Derek Holland, that began to emerge in the late 1970s with new destinations in mind for the movement. ... Distributism, also known as distributionism and distributivism, is a third-way economic philosophy formulated by such Catholic thinkers as G. K. Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc to apply the principles of social justice theoretically articulated by the Roman Catholic Church, especially in Pope Leo XIIIs encyclical Rerum Novarum. ... International Third Position (ITP) was a United Kingdom group formed by the Italian Roberto Fiore and as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement that originated in the Third Positionist British National Front in the early 1980s. ... Troy Southgate is a leading national anarchist activist based in the United Kingdom. ... The National Revolutionary Faction (NRF) was a United Kingdom-based national-anarchist group led by Troy Southgate. ...

Strasserism elsewhere

Tom Metzger - a sometime advocate of Strasserism

Third Position groups, whose inspiration is generally more Italian in derivation, have often looked to Strasserism due to their strong opposition to capitalism. This was noted strongly in France where the student group Groupe Union Défense and the more recent Renouveau Français both extolled Strasserite economic platforms. ^[10] Image File history File links Tommetzger. ... Image File history File links Tommetzger. ... International Third Position was a group formed by Nick Griffin and Derek Holland as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement. ... Groupe Union Droit or Groupe Union Défense, better known as GUD, is the name of a succession of violent French far-right student political groups. ...

Attempts to reinterpret Nazism as having a left wing base have also been heavily influenced by this school of thought, notably through the work of Povl Riis-Knudsen, who produced the Strasser-influenced work National Socialism: A Left Wing Movement in 1984. Povl Heinrich Riis-Knudsen is a leading Danish Neo-Nazi. ...

The Strasser brothers and Strasserite thought in general has been claimed as belonging to National Bolshevism, which has been influential in Russia and to a lesser extent Germany. Flag of the National Bolsheviks. ...

In the United States, Tom Metzger also flirted with Strasserism, having been influenced by Kühnen's pamphlet. ^[11] Tom Metzger in one of his promotional videos Tom Metzger is the founder of the White Aryan Resistance. ...

References

Gerry Gable is a British Jewish political activist and former burglar. ... Martin A. Lee is an author and activist who has written extensively on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues and drug politics. ... The Beast Reawakens is a book by investigative journalist Martin A. Lee. ...

External links

• Folk And Faith - American Neo-Strasserites
• 'Revolution Vs Reaction' - Troy Southgate examines the Strassers' influence and Hitler's divergence from what Southgate regards as actual German National Socialism