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Strood, now part of Rochester-upon-Medway, lies on the north west bank of the River Medway at its lowest bridging point. Geographically it is part of Kent. Strood was part of Frindsbury until 1193, but now Frindsbury is considered part of Strood. Strood's history has been dominated by the river, the bridges and the important road and rail links they carried. In 2006, it was a mainly residential suburb of Rochester, and a commuter town for London. Strood Rural was the name of a former Rural District Council that never included Strood, it served an area of 76 square miles between the Thames and Medway Rivers. Image File history File links Dot4gb. ...
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The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ...
The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ...
The Medway Towns is the name given to a conurbation located to the north of Kent in England: until 1998 it was part of that county (see below). ...
The region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity of England in the United Kingdom. ...
South East England is one of the nine official regions of England. ...
Constituent country is an official term used to describe three of the four principal component parts of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK): England; Scotland; Wales. ...
Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification - by Athelstan AD 927 Area - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK) 50,346 sq mi Population - 2005 est. ...
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The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England. ...
Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ...
The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. ...
Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ...
There are a number of policing agencies in the United Kingdom. ...
Kent Police is the police force covering Kent in England, including the unitary authority of Medway. ...
A fire engine belonging to the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service The fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational...
This is a list of ambulance services in the United Kingdom: Ambulance services in England, after July 1, 2006 are A few deviations from the above have been made for operational reasons. ...
As of 1st July the NHS Ambulance Services Trusts of Kent, Surrey and Sussex are being joined together to form a new South East Coast Ambulance Service . ...
A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ...
UK postal codes are known as postcodes. ...
The UK telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Numbering Plan, is regulated by the Office of Communications (Ofcom), which replaced the Office of Telecommunications (Oftel) in 2003. ...
The United Kingdom House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament (MPs). ...
Medway is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ...
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South East England is a constituency of the European Parliament. ...
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Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1292x734, 592 KB) Similar material on Commons See categories at foot of page File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Strood ...
Rochester is a small, historic town in Kent, at the lowest bridging point of the River Medway about 30 miles (50 km) from London. ...
The River Medway in England flows for 112 km from Turners Hill, in West Sussex, through Tonbridge, Maidstone and the Medway Towns conurbation in Kent, to the River Thames at Sheerness, where it is the latters last tributary. ...
Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ...
Frindsbury is a parish and Manor in Kent, on the opposite side of the River Medway to Rochester. ...
The 1970 Rochester Bridge forms the east-bound lanes of the A2 across the River Medway Rochester Bridge was for centuries the lowest fixed crossing of the River Medway in Kent, southern England. ...
In the British Isles rural districts were a historic type of local government district which covered predominantly rural areas. ...
Several places exist with the name Thames, and the word is also used as part of several brand and company names Most famous is the River Thames in England, on which the city of London stands Other Thames Rivers There is a Thames River in Canada There is a Thames...
Topology Strood lies on the edge of marshy land alongside the River Medway. The Chalk hills of the North Downs have been breached at this point, and they form a river cliff rising to 100 feet directly behind. Two gentle chalk valleys,or bournes, descend to the river here, one takes the A2 towards London on its north slope. Another takes the road to Cliffe, and to Hoo. The land has been extensively quarried for chalk and the covering brickearth. These quarries have then been used for housing, and the land reshaped to provide the infrastructure. The River frontage has been drained and infilled, firstly for industry, then for transport links, and finally for housing. To the north of Strood, we find the remains of the canal basin, and to the south the M2 motorway bridge and the accompanying High Speed Rail Link (HS1) bridge. The North Downs in England are a ridge of chalk hills that stretch about 100 mi (160 km) from Hampshire through Surrey and Kent. ...
Bourne is a word from the Anglo-Saxon language of the southern half of England. ...
Cliffe-at-Hoo is a village on the Hoo peninsula in Kent, England, reached from the Medway Towns by a three-mile journey along the B2000. ...
Hoo is used in placenames in the east of England to indicate coastal peninsulas and promontories. ...
The Needles, part of the extensive Southern England Chalk Formation. ...
History
The Origins of the name The name strõd or strõþ refers to a marshy land overgrown with brushwood.(Stroud in Gloucestershire is derived from the same root)( 8). 889 strõd, 1158 Strode, 1610 Strood.
Romans The Second Roman Invasion, in 43AD, started at Dover and the invadors headed for London. They forded the Medway at Rochester and fought a small engagement to secure the west bank. This must have been in Strood. They built a stone bridge and laid a road on a causeway across the marshy ground.(1) The foundations were about 8ft below the level of the 1856 road. The road went up Strood hill, and was called Watling Street, as it still is today. This is the A2. There is further evidence of a causewayed road leading along the bank towards the Frindsbury Peninsula leading to a villa, was found in 1819 (4). The present road and field pattern suggest that there was a substantial Roman agricultural settlement centred near Frindsbury.(4) To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ...
The 1970 Rochester Bridge forms the east-bound lanes of the A2 across the River Medway Rochester Bridge was for centuries the lowest fixed crossing of the River Medway in Kent, southern England. ...
The modern Watling Street crossing the Medway at Rochester near the Roman and Celt crossings Watling Street is the name given to a British ancient trackway which was first used by the Celts mainly between the modern cities of Canterbury and St Albans. ...
764 Offa King of Mercia and Sigered King of Kent granted to Eardulph lands in Easlingham (Frindsbury).(1) Offa (or Alavivaz Olauus) (? - c. ...
The general location of Mercia, along with the other peoples of Britain around the year 600. ...
Sigered can refer to: Sigered of Essex Sigered of Kent Category: ...
In 840, 994 and 998 Strood was pillaged by the Danes.(1)
In 960 a wooden bridge was built across the Medway(1) The 1970 Rochester Bridge forms the east-bound lanes of the A2 across the River Medway Rochester Bridge was for centuries the lowest fixed crossing of the River Medway in Kent, southern England. ...
Normans A small wooden church was erected at Strood in 1122, as a chapel of ease in the parish of Frindsbury.(1) Frindsbury is a parish and Manor in Kent, on the opposite side of the River Medway to Rochester. ...
Land was granted in 1160,to the Knights Templar by King Henry II. The Manor House was used as a Lodging House.(1) Rulers with the title Henry II include: Henry II of Castile Henry II of England Henry II of France Henry II of Germany, also Holy Roman Emperor Henry II of Navarre Henry II, Duke of Saxony Henry II of Jerusalem (also Henry II of Cyprus) Henry II, Duke of Bavaria...
Newark Hospital Gilbert de Glanvill, Bishop of Rochester, in 1190, early during the reign of Richard I founded a hospital in Strood, east of the church,(1) which was afterwards called the Newark or Stroud Hospital, the Yoke or North Yoke being a mall manor in Strood. Newark Hospital was important in raising the profile of Strood, however there was constant concern about it financial management, and rivalry between it and the Rochester Priory. The location of the former Newark Hospital is now mainly a car park behind the high street. The 19th century railway embankment cuts across the old hospital site at the back of the carpark. Strood market is now held on this part of the land. Look up Richard, richard in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The Parish of Strood In 1193, Strood became a parish. It was run by the monks of Newark Hospital, and had its own burial grounds(1).Corruption in the finances of the Newark Hospital set in and worsened until reforms were put in place formally in 1330 by the bishop of Rochester Hamo de Hethe.(no attrib).In 1291 there was an affray at Newark Hospital between the Monks of Strood and the locals from Frindsbury.(4)
Commerce 1264 Simon de Montfort laid seige to Rochester Castle from the Strood Side. In the action the wooden bridge was destroyed by fire.(1) Two notable men bore the name of Simon de Montfort or Simon de Montford in the middle ages: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester (1160 - 1218), a French nobleman, achieved prominence in the Fourth Crusade and in the Albigensian Crusade. ...
Rochester Castle seen from the cathedral door, showing the four-turreted keep. ...
1293 The Strood Quay and wharf was built by Bishop de Glanville. Rents went to Newark Hospital, ships used this wharf as the one at Rochester was in disrepair. The bridge continued to be out of use, so ferries had to be used. In 1309, a harsh winter, the bridge was damaged by ice.(1)
1387 a stone bridge was built by John de Cobham and Sir Robert Knolles.(1)
1460 Edward IV appointed a mayor of Rochester with jurisdiction over part of Strood.(1) The text below is generated by a template, which has been proposed for deletion. ...
Tudor Times Strood was owned by the Rochester monastery from the 18th year of Edward III's reign until the dissolution under Henry VIII, after which time as part of the Hundred of Sharnel(Shamwell) which included Cobham, it was passed to George Brooke, Lord Cobham. Edward III King of England Edward III (13 November 1312–21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English Kings of medieval times. ...
Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. ...
There are several towns and villages called Cobham, mostly in England. ...
His grandson Henry Brooke lost his estates to James I in 1603 through a false charge of treason, although he escaped with his life.(no attrib) See James VI of Scotland and I of England James I of Scotland James I of Aragon James I of Sicily James I of Cyprus This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
For other uses, see Treason (disambiguation). ...
The manor thereafter was granted to Sir Robert Cecil, the Earl of Salisbury (son of William, Lord Burleigh), who later became Lord Treasurer of England under Queen Elizabeth, and married Elizabeth, sister of Henry, Lord Cobham.(no attrib) The title Marquess of Salisbury is a British title of Peerage, created in 1789 for James Cecil, 7th Earl of Salisbury. ...
Queen Elizabeth may refer to: Elizabeth of Scotland, of the United Kingdom and II of England (born 1926), queen regnant of the United Kingdom and numerous other Commonwealth Realms: daughter of George VI of the United Kingdom. ...
1526 is the first mention of the Angel Inn.(1)
1554 Thomas Wyatt of Allington, heard that the queen intended to marry a Catholic and gathered an army with intention of marching to London. He took Rochester Castle and The Bridge. There was to have been a battle at Strood, but the Queens men deserted. The rebellion fizzled out and Wyatt was executed along with captain of the deserters.(3) Two Tudor noblemen, a father and son, were named Thomas Wyatt: Thomas Wyatt (poet) Thomas Wyatt the younger This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...
Allington is the name of several settlements in the United Kingdom: Allington, in Dorset Allington, in Kent Allington, in Lincolnshire Allington, near Chippenham in Wiltshire Allington, near Devizes in Wiltshire Allington, near Salisbury in Wiltshire This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might...
18th Century In 1769, under authority of the 1768 Paving Act, a tollgates were erected at The Angel Inn, Strood and to pay for improvements to the parish was instituted on the Watling Street leading to Rochester bridge into the old city.
Near the church, some time after the Newark hospital had been replaced, a workhouse was built, funded by the Watts charity in 1721.(no attrib)
Hasted, in his study of Kent (1778-99), said Strood's inhabitants were chiefly seafaring or fishermen, and engaged in dredging oysters.(2)
Strood Fair An annual fair was instituted in 1206 during the seventh year of King John's reign to the priory of Rochester, to be held on 26 August, which continued well into the 18th century, according to Hasted, the Kent historian. It was traditionally held over three days, and associated with Christian celebration of the Assumption (15th August). Strood fair was held regularly into the 1970's. The land used for the fair was sandwiched between Grange Road and Station Road. It was for many years part of a dairy farm, though by the 1970's the farm building had been turned into a motor repair business. The fair ground was passed on to the people who ran the fair. It was then used by them to stay through the winter months. Gradually the number or fairs held on the land dwindled. (Note from contibutor: I remember as a boy in the 1970's being able to openly play on the land when the fair was not in town. I lived in Grange Road, so it was a convienient playgound for me. When the land passed hands to the fair people, they walled it off from the locals.)(no attrib) Look up assumption in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Today's market is held on a Tuesday, and Saturday, and a boot fair is held on a Sunday, so this tradition continues, in some fashion, to this day. No significant market or festival is held in Strood in August in 2006, however.(no attrib)
Canals, Railways, Bridges and Stations The Thames and Medway Canal was to pass through a deep cutting but the cutting was abandoned and a tunnel dug instead. It was 2.5 miles long the canal was 8ft deep with 27ft headroom and 26ft 6in wide,to take 94ft long, 60ton Thames Barges. It had a 5ft tow path its entire length. Spoil from the tunnel was used to infill the marshland between St Mary's Church Strood and the River Medway. It opened 4 October 1824. The Thames and Medway Canal is a now-disused canal in the south east of England, in Kent. ...
The Frindsbury basin could handle vessels to 300 tons. A steam pump was installed here to keep the canal topped up. Commercially the venture was a failure, because
- Tolls were high to recoup the cost
- Entry to the basins could only occur at high tides, making it quicker to sail the 47 miles round the Isle of Grain
- The effect of the railways
The tunnel was sold for 310,000 to the South Eastern Railway, c1845 who filled in the canal and laid a double track. The railway terminated at Strood with passengers taking a steamer or coaches to reach Rochester or Chatham, the station completed 10th February 1856, was opposite The Railway Tavern. More recently it was called the Old Terminus. The London and Greenwich Railway (LGR), together with the Canterbury and Whitstable Railway (CWR) in East Kent were the earliest railways to serve the then county of Kent: eventually both became parts of the South Eastern Railway (SER). ...
Chatham is the name of several places. ...
In 18th June 1856, the line was extended along the river bank to Maidstone, and the station we see today,was opened. Also in 1856 the new road bridge over the Medway was opened (7),in its present position, back where the Roman bridge had been. In 1857 the Mediaeval bridge was demolished the stone being used to build the Strood Esplanade in 1858.(1) In 1860 the SER built the Strood pier
The East Kent Railway had permission to run a line from Faversham to Chatham,and intended to connect with the South Eastern Railway at Strood. When negotiations failed, the East Kent, now called the London Chatham and Dover, linked with the Mid Kent Co. at Bromley. The built a bridge over the Medway (1853) and taking their line to the North of the Angel, over Gun Lane, and Watling Street then south to Cuxton wher it followed the Bush Valley and hence to Sole Street.The London Chatham and Dover built a Station on the A2, adjacent to Canal Road, this was called Faversham is a town in Kent, England, in the district of Swale, roughly halfway between Sittingbourne and Canterbury. ...
Chatham is the name of several places. ...
Crest of the LCDR on the first Blackfriars Railway Bridge The London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR) was a railway company that operated in south-eastern England between 1859 and 1923 before grouping with three other companies to form the Southern Railway. ...
- Strood Station, when it was built, then
- Rochester Bridge Station,1st April 1861
- Rochester & Strood, 1st November 1861
- Rochester Bridge (Strood), 1862
- Rochester Bridge, 1905
The South Eastern railway retaliated by building a parallel bridge (after 1866 and before 1909)and running a separate line into Chatham.(7) To do this the Watermill was demolished and the Mill Pond filled in. Over the pond was built an Oil and Seed Mill with its own sidings.
There was a loop between the lines at Strood, opened 29th March 1859 which closed in 1860.In 1875 Mayor N.E.Toomer forced the two companies to reopen the loop, now nicknamed Toomers Loop.The service resumed 1st April 1877.
The line of LCD Railway was changed to align with the stronger SER Bridge, releasing the old bridge to be used as an additional road carriage way.
Industry
The River and the Strood Basin All Strood below the Angel was built on marshland which was fed by small creeks, these were excavated to make make useable jetties and wharf. Two such creeks are well known, Janes Creek which once extended back to the Cricketers Inn, and Temple Creek. Joining Janes Creek,at a right angle was Pelican Creek which has been infilled and now forms a carpark and the foundations of B&Q. Strood frequently flooded.
Floods - 1158
- 1235
- 1309
- 1682
- 1735
- 1791
- 1854
- 1874
- 1987
- 1953
- 1968
- 1979
(1)
Barge Building William Curel was Medways oldest establish barge builder, he has two yards on the Strood bank, the Curel's Upper Yard was adjacent to the Railway Tavern. In 1900 Gill and Son took over the yard, and it became a sail loft.(9)
The Tidal Mill When the tide was rising, water flowed into the mill pond driving the mill, when the tide was falling, water flowed back into the river, driving the mill.
Windmills 1860 The Strood Hill Mill was demolished- it now forms part of the Cedars Hotel.
1875 Fields Mill on Broom Hill burnt down
Engineering HM Dockyard Chatham had always been a centre of new technology, and high standards of workmanship. Numerous small enterprises were formed to service the dockyard and by dockyard trained staff.
Joseph Collis started as a retail ironmonger in 1777, by 1865 he was a wholesaler specialising zinc, iron, tinplate and locksmithery. By 1870, he and his partner Stace took over the Pelican Foundry and manufactured structural ironwork, toilet cisterns and manhole covers.(9)
Thomas Aveling built his traction engines at the Invicta Works next to Rochester Bridge in 1861. Later they acquired the Collis and Stace foundry-the Pelican Foundry. Avelings were important for their excellent employment practices, and made their premises available for meetings of cooperative and radical societies. Avelings in turn became Wingets factory,(9) then the Rochester-upon-Medway Civic Centre which passed to Medway Council. The 1970 Rochester Bridge forms the east-bound lanes of the A2 across the River Medway Rochester Bridge was for centuries the lowest fixed crossing of the River Medway in Kent, southern England. ...
Rochester is a small, historic town in Kent, at the lowest bridging point of the River Medway about 30 miles (50 km) from London. ...
Short's the seaplane manufacturer, used a yard on the Strood side for construction of the airframes of F3 and F5 flying boats.(9) A DeHavilland Single Otter floatplane in Harbour Air livery. ...
Other employers were Hobourn-Eaton, Kent Alloys, Fishers and the Co-operative bakery.(9)
Retail The area round The Angel was the tradition area for small shops. Further small rows were built within the housing, along Gun Lane, at Darnley Road etc. Strood was served by two supermarkets, Safeways being on the High Steet.Following the recent takeover by Morrisons, this has closed,a new store being built the far side of Janes Creek. There is thus no major food shop or magnet store on the High Street. Morrisons store in Morecambe, Lancashire Wm Morrison Supermarkets plc (LSE: MRW) is the fourth largest chain of supermarkets in the United Kingdom. ...
Housing The area of Strood, around Knight's Place was refered to as the Swamp. On the floods Smetham wrote in 1899 in that woebegone spot the foul contents of water closets were washed into poor peoples homes, and an indescribable filth permeated the fetid spot for months(9)(10) In 1912 there was a typhoid outbreak here, 56 people contracted it, 5 died. This is about the disease typhoid fever. ...
In the 1880s, there was a major expansion of houses. Terraced houses were built on the hill, closing the gap between Strood and Frindsbury. The land around St Mary,s, now drained and close to the station was used. There was a mix of sizes, from the large detached to the small terraces that opened on the street. They were all built in local yellow brick, with detailing in reds.
After
Churches St Nicholas' St Mary's church Frindsbury was opened by Bishop Claughton in 1869 Zoar Chapel 1782- Protestant dissenters. Wesleyan Methodist Jubilee Church Stonehorse Lane (now Cliffe Road)
Strood Rural Parish (5)1895-1999 Strood Rural lies between the estuaries of the Thames and the Medway. It contains the parishes of Cliffe-at-Hoo is a village on the Hoo peninsula in Kent, England, reached from the Medway Towns by a three-mile journey along the B2000. ...
There are several towns and villages called Cobham, mostly in England. ...
Heat flow along perfectly insulated wire Conduction is the transfer of heat or electric current from one substance to another by direct contact. ...
The halling is a Norwegian dance. ...
Higham is a village in the metropolitan borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. ...
Gravesham is a local government district and borough in Kent, England. ...
Originally Hagelstowe, Hagelsto or Agelstow, the Parish of High Halstow on the Hoo_Peninsula in north Kent, England was named from the Saxon word denoting holy place. ...
Hoo is used in placenames in the east of England to indicate coastal peninsulas and promontories. ...
Grain church The Isle of Grain, (OE Greon meaning gravel) is in north Kent, England at the eastern end of the Hoo peninsula. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Luddesdowne. ...
Gravesham is a local government district and borough in Kent, England. ...
Meopham (pronounced Mepp-um) is a large village five miles south of Gravesend, in Kent and is part of Gravesham Borough. ...
Gravesham is a local government district and borough in Kent, England. ...
Shorne is a village in Kent, England south-west of Gravesend. ...
Gravesham is a local government district and borough in Kent, England. ...
This page is about Stoke-on-Trent in England. ...
People Anne Pratt, the botanist, was born at Strood. She wrote several books in the 19th century covering a wide range of botanical subjects. She was so well respected for her knowledge of wild flowers that she was granted an allowance from the Civil List. A portrait of her was placed in the Rochester museum.(no attrib)
Charles Roach Smith d 1890- notable amateur archaeologist.
The model and television presenter Kelly Brook is also from this Kentish town.(no attrib) Kelly Brook (born Kelly Ann Parsons on November 23, 1979) is an English fashion model, television presenter, actress, and swimwear designer. ...
Visits 1165 Thomas Becket - the story of cutting off the tail of his Horse. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
1527 Cardinal Wolsey's men stayed overnight in Strood. He stayed in Rochester. Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (c. ...
1772 Hogarth visited and made his way Merrily to Frendsbury. William Hogarth William Hogarth (November 10, 1697 - October 26, 1764) was a major British painter, engraver, pictorial satirist, and editorial cartoonist who has been credited as a pioneer in western sequential art. ...
1871 Ex-Emporer Napoleon III and Empress Eugene awaited in the garden of the Railway Tavern for the Steamboat. Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808 - January 9, 1873) was the son of King Louis Bonaparte and Queen Hortense de Beauharnais; both monarchs of the French puppet state, the Kingdom of Holland. ...
Trivia
References (1) R.L.H Coulson ALA, A Chronology of Strood to 1899 c 1979 Published Kent County Libraries.
(2) Hasted, Topographical Survey of the County of Kent, 1778-99. Two vols.
(3) Marsh, A History of Rochester,1976, Medway Borough Council
(4) Merrily to Frendsbury-A History of the Parish of Frindsbury. Derek Barnard. Private Pub. City of Rochester Society. post 1994.
(5) A History of Strood Rural District, Brian Matthews M.A. 1971. Published Strood Rural Distict Council.
(6) Windmills and Watermills of Kent. Coles-Finch
(7) Vic Mitchell and Keith Smith,Southern Main Lines Dartford to Sittingbourne,1994,Middleton Press,ISBN 1-873793-34-0
(8) Placenames of Kent Judith Glover 1976,1982,1992 Meresborough Books ISBN 0905270 614
(9) John K. Austin,Yesterdays Medway from Rochester Bridge to Chatham Intra,2006 Rainmore Books ISBN 0-9553903-0-3
(10) Henry Smetham, History of Strood, 1899.
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