A Subah is a province of the former Mughal Empire. The governor of a subah was known as a subahdar, which later became subedar to refer to an officer in the Indian Army. The subahs were established by the emperor Akbar during his administrative reforms of 1572-1580; initially they numbered 12, but his conquests expanded the number of subahs to 15 by the end of his reign. Subahs were divided into Sarkars, or districts. His successors, most notably Aurangzeb, expanded the number of subahs further through their conquests. As the empire began to dissolve in the early 18th century, many subahs became effectively independent, or were conquered by the Marathas or the British. This article is about political regions. ... Extent of Mughal empire in the late 1600s: the Mughals ruled all but the southern tip of the subcontinent. ... Subedar is a mid-level rank in the Indian Army. ... The Indian Army (भारतीय सेना Hindi: Bhartiya Sena) is the land force of the Armed Forces of India and has the prime responsibility of conducting land-based warfare. ... Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar (Persian: جلال الدین محمد اکبر), (alternative spellings include Jellaladin, Celalettin) also known as Akbar the Great (Akbār-e-Azam) (October 15, 1542 – October 27, 1605) was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from the time of his accession in 1556 until 1605. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Aurangzeb (from Persian, اورنگ‌زیب meaning befitting the throne),(November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707, also known as Alamgir I, was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1658 until 1707. ... Shivaji and his faithful Maratha comrades The Marāthās is a collective term referring to an Indo Aryan group of Hindu, Marathi-speaking castes of warriors and peasants hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a substantial empire, covering a major part of India, in...

Subahs of the Mughal Empire

Akbar's original 12 subahs:

• Kabul (Kashmir added 1586)
• Lahore
• Multan
• Ajmer
• Gujarat (capital Ahmedabad)
• Delhi
• Agra
• Malwa (capital Ujjain)
• Awadh or Oudh (capital Lucknow)
• Allahabad
• Bihar (capital Patna)
• Bengal (capital Rajmahal)

later subahs, with date established: A view of the old city Kabul Kabul (34°32′N 69°10′E, Kâbl, in Persian کابل) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan with a population variously estimated at 2 to 4 million. ... Shown in green is the Kashmiri region under Pakistani control. ... The Minar-e-Pakistan represents Pakistani independence The Hazuri Bagh, looking towards the Roshnai Gate The Hazuri Bagh, looking towards the Roshnai Gate in 1870 Lahore (Urdu: لاھور) is a major city in Pakistan and is the capital of the province of Punjab. ... Multan (ملتان) is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, and capital of Multan District. ... Ajmer, or Ajmere, is a city in Ajmer District in Indias Rajasthan state. ... Gujarat (Gujarati: , Hindi: ; , IPA ; also spelled Gujrat and sometimes Gujarath) contained many of the former Princely states of India, and is the second-most industrialized state in the Republic of India after Maharashtra. ... Ahmedabad (Gujarati: અમદાવાદ) or Ahmadābād is the largest city in Gujarat and the 7th largest city in India, with a population of more than 5. ... Known in India as the Lotus Temple, the Baháí House of Worship is one of the most famous landmarks in Delhi. ... For other uses, see Agra (disambiguation). ... Malwa (Malvi:माळवा) is a region in western India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin in the western part of Madhya Pradesh state and the south-eastern part of Rajasthan. ... Ujjain (also known as Ujain, Ujjayini, Avanti) is an ancient city of central India, in the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, on the eastern bank of the Kshipra River. ... Awadh (also known to the British as Oudh) is a region in the center of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. ... Lucknow (Hindi: लखनऊ; Urdu: لکھنو Lakhnau) is the capital city of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. ... Map of India. ... For other uses, see Bihar (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Patna (disambiguation). ... Bengal, known as Bôngo (Bengali: বঙ্গ), Bangla (বাংলা), Bôngodesh (বঙ্গদেশ), or Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ) in Bangla, is a region in the northeast of South Asia. ... Rajmahal a historic town, is situated on the west bank of the Ganges and located in the hills known as daman-i-khoh during the Muslim rule. ...

• Berar (1595) ceded by Ahmednagar.
• Kandesh (1601) (capital Burhanpur)
• Ahmednagar (partial conquest 1601; conquest completed 1635)
• Bijapur (1684)
• Golconda (1687) (capital Hyderabad)
• Vijayanagar (1687) (capital Penukonda)

Berar is a former province of British India, located in central India. ... Kandesh (also Khandesh) is a region of central India, which forms the northwestern portion of Maharashtra state. ... Burhanpur is a town in Madhya Pradesh state, India. ... Ahmednagar is a city in the state of Maharashtra, India, on the left bank of the Sina river, about 100 km southeast of Pune. ... Bijapur is a district in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Golconda is a ruined city and fortress 11 km west of the city of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh state, India. ... Hyderabad or Haydarābād (Telugu: హైదరాబాదు Urdu: حیدر آباد ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ... Vijayanagara (often written Vijayanagar), in northern Karnataka, is the name of the now ruined capital city of the historic Vijayanagar empire in the Southern part of India. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ...

References

• Keay, John (2000). India: a History. Grove Press, New York.
• Markovits, Claude (ed.) (2004). A History of Modern India: 1480-1950. Anthem Press, London.