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Submarine power cables are cables for electrical power running through the sea, below the surface.
For transmission of large amounts of electric power through submarine cables, direct current(DC) is preferred, because DC cables require less reactive power than submarine AC cables. As well, for three phase AC-cables three conductors are necessary, while for DC only 1 or 2 conductors are required. Transmission lines in Lund, Sweden Electric power, often known as power or electricity, involves the production and delivery of electrical energy in sufficient quantities to operate domestic appliances, office equipment, industrial machinery and provide sufficient energy for both domestic and commercial lighting, heating, cooking and industrial processes. ...
HVDC or high-voltage, direct current electric power transmission systems contrast with the more common alternating-current systems as a means for the bulk transmission of electrical power. ...
Reactive power is an abstract quantity, typically used by power engineers to describe a certain type of energy flow in an electric distribution system. ...
A DC system may use the ground and seawater as a return path for current. However this cannot be always practiced because of disturbances to magnetic compass systems on vessels crossing the cable and because of ecological effects of electrochemical reactions at the electrodes.
The length of AC cables is restricted by the capacitance between the active conductors and the surrounding earth (or water). If the cable were to be made long enough, the reactive power consumed by the cable would take up the entire current carrying capacity of the conductor, so no usable power would be transmitted. Capacitance is the ability of a capacitor to store potential difference or voltage for a given amount of stored charge. ...
Reactive power is an abstract quantity, typically used by power engineers to describe a certain type of energy flow in an electric distribution system. ...
Submarine cables for AC The Pylons of Messina are the pylons of the former above-ground 220kV-high voltage line crossing the Strait of Messina between Italy and Sicily, part of the power line from Sorgente to Rizziconi. ...
The Isle of Man to England Interconnector is with a length of 115 kilometre the longest AC submarine cable in the world. ...
Submarine cables for DC - HVDC Gotland (the first commercial HVDC submarine cable installation)
- HVDC Cross-Channel (Submarine cable between UK and France)
- HVDC Inter-Island (Power line between the islands of New Zealand)
- Konti-Skan (Powerline between Sweden and Denmark)
- HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia (SACOI, Submarine cable link between Italy, Corsica and Sardinia)
- HVDC Vancouver Island (link between Vancouver Island and the Canadian mainland)
- HVDC Hokkaido-Honschu (between Hokkaido and Honshu)
- Cross-Skagerak (between Norway and Denmark)
- Kontek ( between Germany and Denmark)
- Baltic-Cable (between Germany and Sweden)
- Swepol (between Poland and Sweden)
- HVDC Italy-Greece (between Italy and Greece)
- HVDC Leyte - Luzon (between Leyte and Luzon)
- Kii Channel HVDC system (through Kii-channel, Japan)
- Cross Sound Cable (between New York and Connecticut, USA)
- HVDC Moyle (between Scotia and Northern Ireland)
- HVDC Bass-Strait (between Victoria, Australia and Tasmania, Australia)
The HVDC Gotland is the oldest plant for high voltage direct current transmission in the world. ...
The HVDC Cross Channel is the name for the high voltage direct current connection across the English Channel. ...
The HVDC Inter-Island is the high voltage direct current connection between the two islands of New Zealand, which was put into service in 1965. ...
Kontiskan (also Konti-Skan) is the name of two high-voltage direct-current transmission lines between Denmark and Sweden. ...
The HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia (also called SACOI; Sardinia-Corsica-Italy) is used for the exchange of electric energy between Italy, Corsica and Sardinia. ...
The HVDC Vancouver Island is the name for HVDC interconnection between Vancouver Island and the Canadian mainland, which went into operation in 1968 and was extended in 1977. ...
The HVDC Hokkaido-Honshu is a 193 kilometers long high voltage direct current transmission line for the interconnection of the power grids of Hokkaido (static inverter station Hakodate) and Honshu (static inverter station Kamikita), Japan. ...
Cross-Skagerak is the name of an HVDC transmission facility between Tjele (Denmark) and Kristianssand (Norway). ...
Kontek is a HVDC cable coupling the German and the Danish power grids. ...
The Baltic-Cable is a HVDC power line running beneath the Baltic Sea that interconnects the electric power grids of Germany and Sweden. ...
Swepol is the designation of a 245 kilometre long monopolar HVDC submarine cable between Starnö in Sweden and Slupsk in Poland. ...
The HVDC Italy-Greece is a monopolorar sea cable link between Italy and Greece with a maximum transmission rate of 500 megawatts, which went in service in 2001. ...
The HVDC Leyte - Luzon is a plant for high voltage direct current transmission between the islands Leyte and Luzon of the Philipinia, which went in service in 1998. ...
The Kii Channel HVDC system is at present the most powerful submarine cable high voltage direct current transmission system in the world. ...
The Cross Sound Cable is a 40 kilometre long bipolar HVDC cable between New Haven, Connecticut, USA and Shoreham, Long Island, USA. The Cross Sound Cable can transmit a maximum power of 330 MW at a voltage of +/- 150 kV. The maximum current for Cross Sound Cable is 1175 amperes. ...
The HVDC Moyle is the HVDC link between Auchencrosh in Scotland and Ballycronan More in Northern Ireland, which went in service in 2001. ...
The Basslink is a HVDC link between the static inverter station Loy Yang on the Australian mainland and the static inverter station George Town in Northern Tasmania. ...
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