"Metro" redirects here; for other uses of the word, see metro (disambiguation).

For lower capacity public transit systems, see tram, light rail, bus, and bus rapid transit.

A rapid transit, underground, subway, tube, elevated, or metro(politan) system is a railway system, usually in an urban area, with a high capacity and frequency of service, and grade separation from other traffic. Metro may be: Relating to transport: Metro: a general term for a high-frequency urban public transport railway, synonymous with rapid transit, subway, or underground; from metropolitan railway A specific public transport system that style itself metro (e. ... A taxi serving as a bus Public transport comprises all transport systems in which the passengers do not travel in their own vehicles. ... TW2000 car in Hanover Volkswagen Cargo-Tram in Dresden on a section of grassed track. ... This article is about light rail systems in general. ... An early motorized bus - a Benz truck modified by Netphener company (1895) A bus is a large automobile intended to carry numerous persons in addition to the driver and sometimes a conductor. ... Silver Line in Boston Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a broad term given to a variety of different transportation systems that, through infrastructural and scheduling improvements, attempt to use buses to provide a service that is of a higher quality than an ordinary bus line. ... An urban area is a term used to define an area where there is an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... An example of a four-level stack interchange in the Netherlands. ...

Characteristics and nomenclature

Washington DC Metro

Image from the Moscow Metro.

Image of the Delhi Metro Train New Delhi Metro.

See also Passenger rail terminology. Download high resolution version (1000x677, 166 KB) Kievskaya station on the Moscow Metro. ... Download high resolution version (1000x677, 166 KB) Kievskaya station on the Moscow Metro. ... A current map of the Moscow Metro. ... Image File history File links Delhi_metro. ... Image File history File links Delhi_metro. ... The Delhi Metro is the metro system of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

There is no one term that all English speakers use for rapid transit or metro systems. This is a reflection on national and regional usage and differing definitions of what exactly a ‘metro’ system is. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

A common definition would be:

• an urban, electric mass transit railway system;
• totally independent from other traffic;
• with high service frequency.

The terms "subway" (American) or "underground" (British) additionally specify that the tracks and stations are mainly:

• located below street level.

In some cities the word 'subway' applies to the entire system, in others only to those parts that are actually underground.

The terms "rapid transit" or "metro" tend to view this as a less important characteristic and include systems that are entirely elevated or at ground level (at grade). An at-grade intersection is a junction at which two or more transport axes cross at the same level (or grade). ...

Rapid transit systems that are above street level may be called "elevated" systems, often shortened to el or L, as in Chicago 'L'. The L is the principal urban heavy rail and metro serving Chicago, Illinois in the United States. ...

For a more comprehensive listing showing names of this kind of system in cities around the world, see the list of rapid transit systems. This is an alphabetical list of cities worldwide that have a rapid transit system, or a light-rail system with some elements of rapid transit. ...

Extent

Stratford station in London is shared by London Underground trains (left) and 'one' suburban rail services (right).

In larger metropolitan areas the underground system may extend only to the limits of the central city, or to its inner ring of suburbs, with trains making relatively frequent station stops. The outer suburbs may then be reached by a separate commuter, suburban or regional rail network, where more widely spaced stations allow a higher speed. These trains are often more expensive, less frequent, and, in some cities, operate only during rush hours periods. Sometimes, for political reasons, commuter lines are operated by a separate authority that tends not to co-operate with the city's transit authority ^{[citation needed]} (except in Japan, where the commuter routes are frequent in suburbs and form the backbone of the networks). Stratford station is a London Underground and National Rail station at Stratford. ... The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ... Housing subdivision near Union, Kentucky, a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio. ... A Connex commuter train stands by the platform in Melbourne, Australia Regional rail systems, or commuter rail systems, usually provide a rail service through a central business district area into suburbs or other locations that draw large numbers of people on a daily basis. ... Rush hour at Tokyo Station, Yamanote Line A rush hour is a part of the day with busy traffic and hence traffic congestion on the roads and crowded public transport; normally the two periods in a day when people are travelling to or from work or school. ... Illustration of the backyards of a surburban neighbourhood Suburbs are inhabited districts located either on the outer rim of a city or outside the official limits of a city (the term varies from country to country), or the outer elements of a conurbation. ...

Many of these regional railways were first built to operate in one direction from a city centre terminus, but some have been extended across the city centre, sometimes running in tunnels. By making multiple stops in the city, they can offer suburban passengers a choice of stations and also provide useful transportation within the city. A notable example is the Paris RER system, where (in co-operation with the city's transit authority) several pairs of existing suburban lines running in opposite directions from the city have been extended in tunnel to join up and form new through routes across the city. They are provided with frequent service and, within the city, the same fares as the Métro are charged, providing an integrated network. In Tokyo and Osaka, Japan private companies operate the world's most extensive suburban railways, each with their own fare system that integrates with the entire system. In German-speaking countries, the Paris style system is called an S-Bahn. In Italian-speaking countries such a system is called Linea S or Treno Suburbano, where as in Spain it is referred to as Cercanías. In some cases, such as the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) and Washington Metrorail systems, the rapid transit system runs to the suburbs and effectively functions as a regional rail service as well. (Note, however, that the Washington, DC, area has two regional rail services as well: VRE and MARC, and the San Francisco area has three: Caltrain, ACE and the soon-to-be-developed SMART.) Where there are separate systems, the rapid transit system is typically a self-contained service with its own dedicated tracks and stations and technologically incompatible with other railways. Suburban rail services, on the other hand, often share tracks and stations with long-distance trains (historically they were usually operated by the same company, which also owned the rails and ran freight, although this has become less common) and are subject to the same standards and regulations. There are exceptions; some London Underground lines share tracks with suburban rail services. In some cases, underground railway lines have been extended by taking over existing regional rail lines, notably parts of the Central and Northern Lines in London. The Athens Metro's Blue Line shares tracks with suburban rail services in order to connect the metro to Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport, but does not stop at the suburban rail stations because the platforms of the stations are a lot lower than the train's floor. In Hong Kong and São Paulo, Brazil, metro-like frequent service is provided by electrifying existing railway lines, while continuing to share the tracks with the much less frequent intercity and freight trains. The KCR West Rail in Hong Kong is designed to accommodate intercity and freight traffic in future, whilst at present provides only metro-like service. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur Tossed by the waves, she does not founder Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Département Paris (75) Région ÃŽle-de-France Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS) City (commune) Characteristics Land Area 86. ... The RER (Réseau Express Régional, IPA , Regional Express Network) is an urban rail network in Paris and its agglomeration. ... Paris Art Nouveau Metro sign The Paris Métro is the metro (underground) system in Paris, France. ... Tokyo , literally eastern capital) is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. ... Osaka City Hall Mayor Junichi Seki Address 〒530-8201 Osaka-shi,Kita-ku Nakanoshima 1-3-20 Phone number 06-6208-8181 Official website: Osaka City , Osaka ) is the capital of Osaka Prefecture and the third-largest city in Japan, with a population of 2. ... Deutsch redirects here. ... (Translated from the German wikipedia article) The S-Bahn is a suburban metro railway network in Germany. ... Italian ( , or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 70 million people, primarily in Italy. ... Cercanías are commuter train networks that cover major metropolitan areas in Spain. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The City by the Bay; The City That Knows How; Golden Mountain (historic Chinese name) Location Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: , Government City-County San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom Geographical characteristics Area     City 600. ... The San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART) is a public rapid-transit system that serves parts of the San Francisco Bay Area, including the cities of San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Daly City, Richmond, Fremont, Hayward, Walnut Creek, and Concord. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... The Washington Metro, or simply Metro, is the public transportation system of Washington, D.C. and neighboring suburban communities in Maryland and Virginia, both inside and outside the Capital Beltway. ... The Virginia Railway Express (VRE) is a commuter railroad service that connects the Northern Virginia area with Washington, DC. The VRE operates on two lines, the Fredericksburg line, which starts from Fredericksburg, Virginia and the Manassas line, which starts from Broad Run Airport in Bristow, Virginia. ... MARC, prior to 1984 known as Maryland Rail Commuter Service, is a commuter rail system comprising three lines in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. ... Caltrain is a commuter rail line on the San Francisco Peninsula and the Santa Clara Valley in the United States. ... The Altamont Commuter Express leaving Pleasanton station. ... The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ... Refurbished metro station in Maroussi, Athens. ... The E. Venizelos Athens International Airport The Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport, which began operation in March 2001, serves the city of Athens in Greece. ... Opening Date 20 December 2003 Stations 9 Number of trains 23 Service Area Tuen Mun, Yuen Long, Tsuen Wan, Sham Shui Po The West Rail is one of the three lines of the KCRC network in Hong Kong. ...

Elevated railways were a popular way to build mass transit systems in cities around the turn of the twentieth century, but they have fallen out of favour; and many elevated lines were later demolished, being replaced by subways or buses. Elevated rail saw something of a resurgence in the late twentieth century, with the construction of a number of new lines such as the Docklands Light Railway in London and the Bangkok Skytrain and Vancouver SkyTrain; in the United States a few such lines have been built, including the Atlanta's MARTA, New York's AirTrain JFK and the Las Vegas Monorail, but these are typically seen as more futuristic, and are not representative of the overall trends in U.S. transit development. In the United States of America, transit describes local area common carrier passenger transportation configured to provide scheduled service on fixed routes on a non-reservation basis. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... An early motorized bus - a Benz truck modified by Netphener company (1895) A bus is a large automobile intended to carry numerous persons in addition to the driver and sometimes a conductor. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) is a light rail public transport metro serving the redeveloped Docklands area of east London, England. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... Skytrain approaching Sala Daeng Station Skytrain leaving Asok Station Bangkok Mass Transit System (BTS) or Skytrain (Thai: รถไฟฟ้า, rot fai fa, meaning sky train) is the elevated metro system in Bangkok, Thailand, operated by Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited (BTSC) under a concession granted by the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration... The platform at Metrotown Station in Burnaby is one of the busiest in the SkyTrain system. ... MARTA is the common name for Atlantas rapid transit system, consisting of a network of bus routes linked to a heavy rail rapid transit system. ... AirTrain JFK is a 13 km (8. ... A monorail train arrives at the Sahara Station. ... For the meaning in finance, see futures contract. ...

Importance, functions, and station design

The volume of passengers a metro train can carry is often quite high, and a metro system is often viewed as the backbone of a large city's public transportation system. In many cities passengers beginning their journeys on a streetcar/tram, bus, or suburban rail system must finish their journey into the city center on the metro as their first mode of transport will terminate at a metro station to avoid congesting the city center above ground. Budapest is a perfect example where the two more modern metro lines connect with buses and trams and also with two circular streetcar/tram routes (one closer to and one further from the city center) that allow travel between suburbs and also into the centre of the city by changing onto the metro. The backbone is a synonym for the spine of a vertebrate organism. ... Mode of transport is a general term for the different kinds of transportation of people or cargo: Car Truck Ship Aircraft ... Flag Seal Nickname: Paris of the East, Pearl of the Danubeor Queen of the Danube Location Location of Budapest in Hungary Government Country   County Hungary / E.U.   none Mayor Gábor Demszky (SZDSZ) Geographical characteristics Area     City 525,16 km²     Land   n/a km²     Water   n/a km² Population...

In some cities, the urban rail system is so comprehensive and efficient that the majority of city residents use it as their primary means of transport. London, Moscow, New York City, Madrid, Paris, Seoul, Tokyo and Osaka are such examples; these cities have the most extensive and convenient metro systems in the world. In greater Tokyo, by far the world's most extensive rail system for any metropolitan area, the region's 15-line subway network is a mere fraction of the over 75 heavy rail lines, transporting well over 20 million people daily, where the majority of suburban residents in addition to city dwellers do not own automobiles and depend on rail as the primary means of travel^{[citation needed]}. Osaka, Japan is similar to Tokyo's system except about half as big, but still has a ridership exceeding that of New York City. In Europe, London (in 1st place) and Madrid (in the second one) have the biggest metro systems. London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ... Flag Coat of Arms Coordinates: 40° 23’N , 3°69′0″W Time Zone: CET (GMT +1) Administration Administrative Divisions 21 Barrios in Madrid 127 Comunidad Autónoma Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón | PP City Characteristics Land Area 607 km² Population 3,228,359 2005... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur Tossed by the waves, she does not founder Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Département Paris (75) Région ÃŽle-de-France Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS) City (commune) Characteristics Land Area 86. ... Seoul (Sŏul|서울) ) is the capital and largest city of South Korea (Republic of Korea). ... Tokyo , literally eastern capital) is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. ... Osaka City Hall Mayor Junichi Seki Address 〒530-8201 Osaka-shi,Kita-ku Nakanoshima 1-3-20 Phone number 06-6208-8181 Official website: Osaka City , Osaka ) is the capital of Osaka Prefecture and the third-largest city in Japan, with a population of 2. ... Metro is: a general term, synonymous with rapid transit, subway or underground, for an urban underground rail public transit system (see list of rapid transit systems); any of several specific public transport systems, including: Bi-State Development Agency in Missouri and Illinois, d/b/a Metro since 2003 Buffalo Metro... Tokyo , literally eastern capital) is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. ... A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large city and its adjacent zone of influence, or of several neighboring cities or towns and adjoining areas, with one or more large cities serving as its hub or hubs. ... The term heavy rail is often used for regular railways, to distinguish from systems such as trams/light rail and metro. ... Osaka City Hall Mayor Junichi Seki Address 〒530-8201 Osaka-shi,Kita-ku Nakanoshima 1-3-20 Phone number 06-6208-8181 Official website: Osaka City , Osaka ) is the capital of Osaka Prefecture and the third-largest city in Japan, with a population of 2. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... Flag Coat of Arms Coordinates: 40° 23’N , 3°69′0″W Time Zone: CET (GMT +1) Administration Administrative Divisions 21 Barrios in Madrid 127 Comunidad Autónoma Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón | PP City Characteristics Land Area 607 km² Population 3,228,359 2005...

The metro in Warsaw - Wierzbno station.

Car-oriented cities in the United States have very low rates of transit usage. About one in every three users of mass transit in the United States and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in just one city: New York (see Transportation in New York City). Older cities such as Chicago, Washington, D.C., Boston, and Philadelphia follow New York distantly, while the rest of the cities in the United States have only partial or poorly-used systems, especially in sunbelt cities such as Los Angeles, Atlanta, Dallas, Las Vegas or Houston. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 376 KB) Description: Warsaw Metro, station Wierzbo by kinlaw [1] from http://www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 376 KB) Description: Warsaw Metro, station Wierzbo by kinlaw [1] from http://www. ... Wierzbno Station Wierzbno is one of the Warsaw Metro stations. ... A cycle rickshaw at rest in Manhattan. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 606. ... Flag Seal Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location Location of Washington, D.C., with regard to the surrounding states of Maryland and Virginia. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City on a Hill, Beantown, The Hub of the Universe (The State House, according to Oliver Wendell Holmes, is the hub of the Solar System), Athens of America Location Location in Massachusetts Government Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas Menino (Dem) Geographical characteristics Area     City 232. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates , Government Country  State   County United States  Pennsylvania   Philadelphia Founded Incorporated October 27, 1682 October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 369. ... Categories: Stub | Belt regions of the United States ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... This article is about the state capital of Georgia. ... ·· Flag Seal Nickname: Big D Location Location in the state of Texas Government Counties Dallas County Collin County Denton County Kaufman County Rockwall County Mayor Laura Miller Geographical characteristics Area     City 997. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Entertainment Capital of the World Location Location of Las Vegas in Nevada Coordinates , Government County Clark Mayor Oscar B. Goodman Geographical characteristics Area     City 113. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Space City Location Location in the state of Texas Coordinates: Government Counties Harris County Fort Bend County Montgomery County Mayor Bill White Geographical characteristics Area 1,558 km²  (601. ...

In the Western Hemisphere, Mexico City also has a large system. In Canada, only Toronto and Montréal have extensive metro networks serving their urban centers (see Toronto subway and RT and Montréal Métro); Vancouver's SkyTrain also provides high-grade service, but at present acts primarily as a connection between Vancouver and the surrounding area. This will change by 2011, when the second of two new lines will be completed. The geographical western hemisphere of Earth, highlighted in yellow. ... Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México, México D.F. or simply México, pronounced /mexiko/ in IPA) is the capital and largest city of the nation of Mexico. ... {{Canadian City/Disable Field={{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: Concordia Salus (Salvation through harmony) Ville de Montréal, Québec, Canada Location. ... This article is about the subway system in Toronto. ... Place-Saint-Henri station The Montreal Metro is the main form of public transportation within the city of Montreal and was the second metro system to be built in Canada, opening 12 years after the Toronto subway. ... Vancouver (pronounced ) is a Canadian city in the province of British Columbia. ... The platform at Metrotown Station in Burnaby is one of the busiest in the SkyTrain system. ...

Greenbelt station, the terminus of the Green line on the Washington Metro, is a typical example of the entrance concourse of a metro station.

Most underground systems are for public transportation, but a few cities have built freight or postal lines. One example was the Post Office Railway, which transported mail underground between sorting offices in London from 1927 until it was abandoned in 2003. Similarly, until the 1970s the London Underground's Circle Line (originally the Metropolitan Railway) transported goods as well as running passenger trains. Another example was the Chicago Tunnel Company, which had a dense grid of tunnels under downtown Chicago^{[citation needed]}. The Washington Metro, or simply Metro, is the public transportation system of Washington, D.C. and neighboring suburban communities in Maryland and Virginia, both inside and outside the Capital Beltway. ... A British pillar box (or post box, mail box [U.S.]). The postal system is a system by which written documents typically enclosed in envelopes, and also small packages containing other matter, are delivered to destinations around the world. ... The Post Office Railway, also known as Mail Rail, is a narrow gauge driverless private underground railway in London built by the Post Office to move mail between sorting offices. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ... Pre-1910 photograph of the Chicago Freight Subway The Chicago Freight Subway was a unique freight tunnel network under the downtown of the city of Chicago. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ...

During the Cold War an important secondary function of some underground systems was to provide shelter in case of a nuclear attack. The Cold War (Russian: Холодная война Kholodnaya Voina) was the protracted geopolitical, ideological, and economic struggle that emerged after World War II between the global superpowers of the Soviet Union and the United States, supported by their military alliance partners. ...

Urban rail systems have often been used to showcase economic, social, and technological achievements of a nation, especially in the Soviet Union and other Communist countries. With their marble walls, polished granite floors and splendid mosaics, the metro systems of Moscow and St. Petersburg are widely regarded as some of the most beautiful in the world. Modern metro stations in Russia are usually still built with the same emphasis on appearance. Similarly, the Independent Subway System in New York City was built to compete with the private IRT and BMT systems. This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... A current map of the Moscow Metro. ... The sections of the IND and the date each was opened. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ... The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the operator of the original New York Subway line that opened in 1904 and additional rapid transit lines in the City of New York. ... A 1914 map showing what was at the time the proposed expansion for the BRT. The only major differences from what was built is that a new 60th Street Tunnel was used rather than the Queensboro Bridge, the Manhattan-side Brooklyn Bridge connection was never built, and several lines ended...

See also Metro station. [[image:Madrid-metro-1. ...

Technology

Main article: Rapid transit technology

This station of the Paris Métro Line 14 has automatic platform-edge doors.

Most rapid transit trains are electric multiple units. Power is commonly delivered by a third rail, or in systems without much length in tunnel, by overhead wires. Most run on conventional steel railway tracks, although some use rubber tires. Crew sizes have decreased throughout history, with some modern systems now running completely unstaffed trains. The method of tunnel construction used varies from place to place, depending on the situation. Cut-and-cover tunnels are constructed by digging up city streets, which are then rebuilt over the tunnel. Alternatively, tunnel-boring machines can be used to dig deep-bore tunnels. The technology of rapid transit has changed over the years: // Train size and motive power Some urban rail lines are built to the full size of main-line railways; others use smaller tunnels, restricting the size and sometimes the shape of the trains (in the London Underground the informal term... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Platform screen doors at St Lazare on the Paris Metro Platform screen doors, also known as platform-edge doors, are doors for screening the platform and trains at train or subway stations. ... Rotating magnetic field as a sum of magnetic vectors from 3 phase coils. ... A multiple unit is a passenger train whose carriages have their own motors, either diesel (DMUs) or electric (EMUs), and do not need to be hauled by a locomotive. ... Third rail at the West Falls Church Metro stop in the Washington, D.C. area, electrified to 750 volts. ... A rubber-tyred train of the Paris Métro. ... An underground pedestrian tunnel between buildings at MIT. Note the utility pipes running along the ceiling. ... A tunnel boring machine that was used at Yucca Mountain. ...

History

Istanbul's Tünel from 1875 was the first underground railway in continental Europe

Millennium Underground old phase at Heroes square in Budapest, Hungary (1896)

Before any plans were made for transit systems with underground tunnels and stations, several railway operators built tunnels for their trains, usually to reduce the grade of the railway line. Examples include Trevithick's Tunnel from 1804, built for the Penydarren locomotive[1]. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3028x1916, 3774 KB) Summary Tünel, Istanbul. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3028x1916, 3774 KB) Summary Tünel, Istanbul. ... The Tünel is a short subway line in Istanbul, Turkey. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1698x1350, 352 KB) Summary en: Description: Millennium Underground at Heroes square Author: unknown Upload: Ádám Kovács Date: before 1973 License: PB-old hu: Leírás: Millenniumi Földalatti vasút a felszíni szakaszon Készítő: ismeretlen... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1698x1350, 352 KB) Summary en: Description: Millennium Underground at Heroes square Author: unknown Upload: Ádám Kovács Date: before 1973 License: PB-old hu: Leírás: Millenniumi Földalatti vasút a felszíni szakaszon Készítő: ismeretlen... In topography, the slope of a hill, mountain, road or anything else inclined, is more often referred to as its grade (or, sometimes in the US and usually in the UK, gradient). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

The London Underground, usually referred to by Londoners simply as "the Underground" or more familiarly "the Tube", began operations on January 10, 1863 on the Metropolitan Railway. The Underground currently serves 274 stations and runs over 253 miles (408 km) of lines. There are also a number of stations and tunnels that are now closed, some of which can be seen from trains. The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ... January 10 is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... The Metropolitan Line is a line of the London Underground. ... [[image:Madrid-metro-1. ... A mile is the name of a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... To help compare orders of magnitude; this page lists lengths between 100 and 1,000 km (105 and 106 m). ... St Marys (Whitechapel Road) tube station shortly after its closure in 1938 For one reason or another, many London Underground (tube) stations have ended up permanently closed. ...

A major breakthrough in the development of modern electrically-driven rapid transit occurred when the American inventor Frank J. Sprague successfully tested his system of multiple-unit train control (MUTC) on the Chicago L in 1897. MUTC, which allowed all the motors in an entire train to be dependably controlled from a single point, freed rapid transit systems from dependence on locomotive-hauled coaches. An inventor is a person who creates new inventions, typically technical devices such as mechanical, electrical or software devices or methods. ... Frank Julian Sprague (1857-1934) American inventor, Father of Electric Traction Frank Julian Sprague (1857–1934) was an American naval officer and inventor who contributed to the development of the electric motor, electric railways, and electric elevators. ... Multiple-unit train control sometimes referred to simply as multiple-unit or MU, is a method of simultaneously controlling all the motors in a train including a number of self-powered cars from a single operating location. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... A locomotive (from Latin loco motivus) is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train, and has no payload capacity of its own; its sole purpose is to move the train along the tracks. ...

The metro of Berlin being stormed by the Red Army during the Battle of Berlin. Widespread use of the metro has made it an important consideration for urban warfare.

The first underground railway in continental Europe was the Tünel, an underground 573-meter funicular between the quarters of Beyoğlu and Galata in the European part of Istanbul, completed in 1875 by French engineers on behalf of the Ottoman Empire. It rarely figures as continental Europe's first metro, though, partly because of its limited length, partly because the cars were pulled by horses until the line was converted to electric operation in 1910. After the Tünel, the first underground railway to be completed in continental Europe was opened in Budapest in 1896, after only two years of construction. It stretches from Vörösmarty tér (the city centre) to City Park and the local zoo, over a total length of 3.7 km (2.3 mi). It is now part of the Budapest Metro and remains largely in its original state, with the original cars modernised and the stations restored in keeping with their original design, and with the route the same except for a very short extension north to Mexikói út to connect with the city's tram network. It lays claim to a second title, that is the first electric underground railway with overhead cables, like the Newcastle system, rather than the more common third rail) in the world. The 10.4 km (6.5 mi) Glasgow Subway in Scotland opened the same year and used cable haulage until it was electrified in 1935. Image File history File links Soviet_soldier_metro. ... Image File history File links Soviet_soldier_metro. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (in Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya), the armed forces first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ... Combatants Nazi Germany Soviet Union (incl. ... US Marines fight in the city of Fallujah during Operation Al Fajr (New Dawn) in November 2004. ... The Tünel is a short subway line in Istanbul, Turkey. ... Angels Flight, Los Angeles, California with gantlet track configuration Duquesne Incline, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania with full length parallel tracks The Gütschbahn in Lucerne, Switzerland – from an 1893 guidebook A funicular, also called funicular railway, inclined railway, inclined plane, or, in the United Kingdom, a cliff railway, is a system of... BeyoÄŸlu is a neighborhood located in Ä°stanbul, Turkey, separated from the old city by the Golden Horn. ... Galata or Galatae is a district in Istanbul, the largest city of Turkey. ... Istanbul (other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and economic center. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Söğüt (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Constantinople (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanl... Flag Seal Nickname: Paris of the East, Pearl of the Danubeor Queen of the Danube Location Location of Budapest in Hungary Government Country   County Hungary / E.U.   none Mayor Gábor Demszky (SZDSZ) Geographical characteristics Area     City 525,16 km²     Land   n/a km²     Water   n/a km² Population... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Vörösmarty tér is the terminus of the yellow line of the Budapest Metro Categories: Metro stubs | Budapest | Transportation in Hungary ... Vajdahunyad Castle in Városliget Városliget or City Park is a public park (302 acres or 1. ... The Budapest Metro is the fastest means of public transport in Budapest. ... Mexikói út station is the northeast terminus of the yellow M1 (Millennium Underground) line of the Budapest Metro. ... A train arrives at West Street station. ... Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... Cable Car in San Francisco A San Francisco cable car A cable car or cable railway is a mass transit system using rail cars that are propelled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The first line of the Paris Metro opened in 1900. Its full name was the Chemin de Fer Métropolitain, a direct translation into French of London's Metropolitan Railway. The name was shortened to métro, and many other languages have since borrowed this word. The Berlin U-Bahn (for underground railway) opened in 1902; because large sections of the line were elevated, it was also called Hochbahn (high railway) until the 1920s. Paris Art Nouveau Metro sign The Paris Métro is the metro (underground) system in Paris, France. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... U-Bahn is the German abbreviation for Untergrund-Bahn (literally, underground railway), referring to a means of urban rapid transit, internationally known as subway, underground or metro. ...

Boston has the oldest subway tunnel in the United States that is still in use, part of the Green Line downtown, dating from 1897. The original construction was a short four-track tunnel downtown, with only two stations, built to take light rail cars from outlying areas off the streets. Later subways in Boston carried full-size trains; the Green Line still operates with light rail equipment. In 1901, heavy rail trains began to use the tunnel as part of the original configuration of the Main Line Elevated, the first elevated railway in Boston. Boston is a town and small port c. ... Two trains at Park Street. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about light rail systems in general. ... This article is about light rail systems in general. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Orange Line is one of the four subway lines of the MBTA. It extends from Forest Hills in Jamaica Plain, Boston in the south to Oak Grove in Malden, Massachusetts in the north. ...

Typical PATH subway platform at Exchange Place in Jersey City, New Jersey, which helps to connect New Jersey with Manhattan.

The New York City Subway, which has become the world's largest (by some measures), did not open its first section until 1904, but this was a fully independent four-track line, stretching 9 miles (14.5 km)[2] from City Hall to 145th Street. Extensions were soon built, reaching the Bronx and Brooklyn; this is now part of the IRT system. Two major subway systems, operated by the BMT and the IND were constructed later, and many pre-existing elevated railway lines were incorporated into the BMT and IRT systems. The Hudson and Manhattan Railroad, which also opened a subway tunnel in Manhattan in 1908 and connected with New Jersey, remained a separate railroad company, and later came under the control of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey as the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH). New York City subway trains now run on right-of-way first used in 1863, and converted R44 subway cars run on the 1860 Staten Island Railway. Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 1414 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 1414 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Hoboken- and Newark-bound platform at Exchange Place station in Jersey City. ... Exchange Place can be the name of: Exchange Place, Boston Exchange Place, Jersey City Exchange Place, New York City Exchange Place, London This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Location Location of Jersey City within New Jersey. ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... The Borough of Manhattan, highlighted in yellow, lies between the East River and the Hudson River. ... The New York City Subway system, a large rapid transit system operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) in New York City, is one of the most extensive public transportation systems in the world. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... City Hall is the original southern terminal of the first underground line of the New York City Subway, built for Interborough Rapid Transit (IRT), and now part of the Lexington Avenue Line. ... 145th Street is a subway station on the IRT Broadway-Seventh Avenue Line at Broadway and 145th Street. ... The Bronx is the northernmost of the five Boroughs of New York City in the United States. ... A map of New York City, highlighting Brooklyn. ... The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the operator of the original New York Subway line that opened in 1904 and additional rapid transit lines in the City of New York. ... A 1914 map showing what was at the time the proposed expansion for the BRT. The only major differences from what was built is that a new 60th Street Tunnel was used rather than the Queensboro Bridge, the Manhattan-side Brooklyn Bridge connection was never built, and several lines ended... The sections of the IND and the date each was opened. ... Subway redirects here; for the restaurant named Subway, see Subway (restaurant). ... A 1914 map showing what was at the time the proposed expansion for the BRT. The only major differences from what was built is that a new 60th Street Tunnel was used rather than the Queensboro Bridge, the Manhattan-side Brooklyn Bridge connection was never built, and several lines ended... The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the operator of the original New York Subway line that opened in 1904 and additional rapid transit lines in the City of New York. ... Hoboken- and Newark-bound platform at Exchange Place station in Jersey City. ... The Borough of Manhattan, highlighted in yellow, lies between the East River and the Hudson River. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is a bi-state agency (operated pursuant to an interstate compact) that runs most of the regional transportation infrastructure including the bridges, tunnels, airports and seaports within the New York-New Jersey Port District. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... The R44 is a model of passenger train car which operates on the New York City Subway and the Staten Island Railway. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Staten Island Railway (SIR, formerly SIRT) is a rapid transit line operating in the Borough of Staten Island, New York City, USA. Like the BMT lines to Coney Island, it began as a normal railway but was later converted to R44 subway cars . ...

Universidad de Chile station, in Chile, is decorated with works of art

In Italy the first line was built for the 1906 World Exhibition Fair in Milan. It was an elevated light rail that linked the two main area of the fair. The line was dismantled eight years later. In 1907, the first line in Philadelphia, now part of the Market-Frankford Line, began running on both elevated and underground structures. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 242 KB)Source: http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 242 KB)Source: http://www. ... Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese: Milán) is the main city of northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy, being often mistaken with the capital of the country. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Philadelphia is a village located in Jefferson County, New York. ... Market-Frankford Line Map ©SEPTA 2004 The Market-Frankford Line (MFL) (also called the Market-Frankford Subway-Elevated Line (MFSE), El or Blue Line) is a transit line in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, run by SEPTA. It begins at 69th Street Terminal just west of the city line in Upper Darby and...

The oldest subway in the Southern Hemisphere opened in 1913 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, which is also the oldest one in Latin America and the Spanish-speaking world. [3] The system is now known as El Subte. Southern Hemisphere The Southern Hemisphere is the half of a planets surface (or celestial sphere) that is south of the equator (the word hemisphere literally means half ball). On Earth it contains five continents (Antarctica, Australia, most of South America, parts of Africa, and Asia) as well as four... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Buenos Aires (English: Fair Winds; originally Ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Santa María de los Buenos Aires, City of the Holy Trinity and Port of Saint Mary of the Fair Winds) is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port, and one of... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... This article is about the international language known as Spanish or Castilian. ... Vintage subway entrance on original Line A on Avenida de Mayo The Buenos Aires Metro (locally known as el subte, from subterráneo) is a mass-transit network that serves the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ...

In Madrid the metro opened on October 17, 1919 under the direction of the Compañía de Metro Alfonso XIII. Metro stations served as air raid shelters during the Spanish Civil War. Flag Coat of Arms Coordinates: 40° 23’N , 3°69′0″W Time Zone: CET (GMT +1) Administration Administrative Divisions 21 Barrios in Madrid 127 Comunidad Autónoma Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón | PP City Characteristics Land Area 607 km² Population 3,228,359 2005... Alfonso XIII of Spain (May 17, 1886 - February 28, 1941), King of Spain, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain, was proclaimed King at his birth. ... Combatants Second Spanish Republic Foreign volunteers Soviet Union CNT militia UGT militia POUM militia Nationalist Spain Fascist Italy Nazi Germany Foreign volunteers Falangists Carlists Commanders Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Francisco Franco Emilio Mola The Spanish Civil War, which lasted from July 17, 1936 to April...

Asia's oldest commuter heavy rail lines are in Japan, with private companies Meitetsu railways (Nagoya) opening in 1895, and Tokyo's Keihin Kyūkō in 1896, both still serving dense urbanized areas. Asia's first cities to have subway lines are Tokyo in 1927 and Osaka in 1933. Japan's rail system is quite different from others in that the vast majority of its rapid transit is above ground, and privately owned and operated, and train stations blur the dinstiction between vast underground malls and corporate skyscrapers and gigantic high rise department stores. Train stations in Japan, like highways in the US, become the center and backbone of town and create their own skyline, especially in suburbs like Saitama and Fujisawa. Other major Japanese cities also have subway systems, including Yokohama, Nagoya, Sapporo, Kobe, Kyoto, Fukuoka, and Sendai. The term heavy rail is often used for regular railways, to distinguish from systems such as trams/light rail and metro. ... Nagoya Railroad Co. ... Nagoya Castle in June of 2004. ... Tokyo , literally eastern capital) is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. ... Keihin Electric Express Railway (京浜急行電鉄) Keihin Electric Express Railway Co. ... Tokyo , literally eastern capital) is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Osaka City Hall Mayor Junichi Seki Address 〒530-8201 Osaka-shi,Kita-ku Nakanoshima 1-3-20 Phone number 06-6208-8181 Official website: Osaka City , Osaka ) is the capital of Osaka Prefecture and the third-largest city in Japan, with a population of 2. ... Saitama (Japanese: さいたま市; -shi) is the capital city of Saitama Prefecture in Japan. ... Fujisawa (藤沢市 Fujisawa-shi) is a city located in Kanagawa, Japan. ... Japans tallest building, the Landmark Tower, is in the Minato Mirai 21 district of Yokohama. ... Nagoya Castle Nagoya (名古屋市; -shi) is the fourth largest (third largest metropolitan region) and the third most prosperous city in Japan. ... Sapporo ) (help· info) is the fifth-largest city in Japan by population and the third-largest by geographic area. ... Port Tower at night For the basketball star Kobe Bryant go here. ... This page is about the city Kyoto. ... Fukuoka City Hall Mayor Hirotaro Yamasaki Address 〒810-8620 Fukuoka-shi, Chuo-ku, Tenjin 1-8-1 Phone number 092-711-4111 Official website: Fukuoka City Fukuoka (福岡市; -shi) is the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture and is situated on the northern shore of the island of Kyushu in Japan, across... Sendai ) is the capital city of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, and the largest city in the Tōhoku (northeast) region. ...

In the past 30 years, a number of cities in Korea have also developed modern and extensive subway systems. The largest, Seoul, has nine lines over approximately 178 miles of track (approximately 287 km). Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju and Daejeon also have subway systems. China and India are rapidly expanding their urban rail systems as well. Seoul (Sŏul|서울) ) is the capital and largest city of South Korea (Republic of Korea). ... Busan tower by night Haeundae beach at dawn, February 2005 Busan Metropolitan City, also commonly referred to as Pusan, is the largest harbor city in Korea. ... Taegu now known as Daegu is the 4th largest city in South Korea (after Seoul, Busan and Incheon). ... Incheon Metropolitan City is a metropolitan city and major seaport on the west coast of South Korea, near Seoul. ... This article is about Gwangju Metropolitan City in South Korea. ... Daejeon Metropolitan City is a metropolitan city in the centre of South Korea, and the capital of South Chungcheong Province. ...

The first underground in the former USSR (in Russian метрополитен metropoliten or метро metro) opened in 1935 in Moscow. The first line — between Sokolniki and Park Kul'tury — was 11.2 km long. The Moscow metro was built during the reign of Stalin, and is one of the most elaborately decorated undergrounds of the world, with its stations often being called underground palaces. (As of 2005, the Moscow metro has 278 kilometers of railways and 171 stations.) In Russia and other republics of the former Soviet Union as a whole, subways opened in Saint Petersburg (1955), Kiev (1960), Tbilisi (1965), Baku (1967), Kharkov (1975), Tashkent (1977), Yerevan (1981), Minsk (1984), Nizhniy Novgorod (1985), Novosibirsk (1986), Samara (1987), Yekaterinburg (1991), Dnepropetrovsk (1995), Kazan (2005). In Volgograd and Krivoj Rog in 1980s a "metrotram" opened – it runs underground, along with common city trams. 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... A current map of the Moscow Metro. ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; see Other names section) (December 21, 1879[1] – March 5, 1953) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and leader of the Soviet Union. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: Oblast Municipality Municipal government City council (Київська Міська рада) Mayor Leonid Chernovetsky Area 800 km² Population  - city  - urban  - density 2,660,401 100% 3,299/km² Founded City rights around 5th century 1487 Latitude Longitude Area code +380 44 Car plates AA (before 2004: КА,КВ,КЕ,КН,КІ) Sister cities Athens, Brussels, Budapest, Chicago, ChiÅŸin... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... Tbilisi (Georgian თბილისი ) is the capital city of the country of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura (Mtkvari) river, at . ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Satellite view of Baku The Baku harbour on the south of Absheron peninsula The Maiden Tower in old town Baku Baku (Azerbaijani: Bakı), sometimes known as Baky or Baki, is the capital of Azerbaijan. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ... Kharkov (rus: Ха́рьков) or Kharkiv (ukr: Ха́рків) is the second largest city in Ukraine, a center of Kharkivska oblast. It is situated in the northeast of the country and has a population of two million. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Tashkent Tashkent (Toshkent or Тошкент in Uzbek, Ташкент in Russian; its name translates from Uzbek to Stone City in English) is the current capital of Uzbekistan and also of Tashkent Province. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... Yerevan (Armenian: ÔµÖ€Õ¥Ö‚Õ¡Õ¶ or ÔµÖ€Ö‡Õ¡Õ¶; sometimes written as Erevan; former names include Erebuni and Erivan) (population: 1,088,300 (2004 estimate) [1]) is the largest city and capital of Armenia. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Minsk or Miensk (Belarusian: ; Russian: ; Polish: ) is the capital and largest city in Belarus with a population of 1,780,000 (2006 estimate}. Minsk is also a headquarters of the Commonwealth of Independent States. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Area  - Total 260,000 mi² Population  - City (2003)  - Metropolitan 1,334,249 2 million approx. ... This article is about the year. ... Official website: http://www. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Samara (Russian: ), from 1935 to 1991—Kuybyshev (), is a major city situated on the Volga River in the southeastern part of European Russia, Volga Federal District, the administrative center of Samara Oblast. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Snow-covered statue of Sverdlov in Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburgs Church on the Blood built on the spot where the Tsar and his family were executed. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... REDIRECT Dnipropetrovsk ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kazan (Russian: ; Tatar: Qazan, Казан) is the capital city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, and one of Russias largest cities. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... (Russian: ), formerly called () (1598–1925) and () (1925–1961) is a city in and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. ... Kryvyi Rih (Ukrainian: Кривий Ріг; Russian: Кривой Рог, Krivoy Rog) is a city in Ukraine, with population 632,100 (2004). ...

In 1949, a metro system was inaugurated in Lisbon. It was the first underground rail system in the Portuguese-speaking world. 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... District or region Lisbon Mayor   - Party Carmona Rodrigues PSD Area 84. ...

The Toronto Subway opened in 1954. One experimental trainset consisted of the first aluminum subway cars, which reduced weight and therefore operating costs[4]. With the next car order in 1963, only aluminum was used. The new cars, at 75 feet/23 m, were at the time the longest in the world. The Montreal Metro, was the 2nd subway system in Canada and was inaugurated in 1966 as part of Expo 67 that would be held in Montreal. This article is about the subway system in Toronto. ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... Place-Saint-Henri station The Montreal Metro is the main form of public transportation within the city of Montreal. ... This page refers to urban rail mass transit systems. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... The 1967 International and Universal Exposition, or simply Expo 67 was a Worlds Fair held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1967 to coincide with the Canadian Centennial that year. ... City motto: Concordia Salus (Latin: Well-being through harmony) Province Quebec Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area  - % water 366. ...

In Brazil, the first underground opened in 1974 in São Paulo, and now carries some four million passengers on an average weekday as part of the São Paulo Metro. Part of it consists of converted older railways; some of its stations actually date from the 1880s. Underground lines have been built also in Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Recife, Porto Alegre and Brasília. 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Landmark buildings Edifício Italia (at left) and Copan (curved façade at center), in São Paulo Downtown. ... The interior of a metro station in São Paulo The São Paulo Metro (Portuguese: Metropolitano de São Paulo, commonly called Metrô) is the city of São Paulos rapid transit system. ... // Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... Flag Seal Location Location of Rio de Janeiro Coordinates , Government Country Region State Brazil Southeast Rio de Janeiro Mayor Cesar Maia (PFL) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,260 km² Population     City (2005) 5,613,000 [1]     Density   4. ... Belo Horizonte (a Portuguese name meaning beautiful horizon) is the third or fourth largest city in Brazil (after São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and, by population within the city limits, Salvador. ... Boa Viagem district. ... Downtown Porto Alegre Porto Alegre, one of the largest cities in Brazil, is the capital of Rio Grande do Sul State. ... Brasília from space, November 1990 Niemeyers Cathedral Brasília is the capital city of Brazil with a population of 2,282,049 [1]. It is famous for its urban planning, daring architecture and rapid population growth. ...

Metro de Santiago is the metro system serving Santiago, the capital of the Republic of Chile. It is a network of five lines with a total of 85 stations. Map Universidad de Chile station is decorated with works of art Tobalaba station, Line 4 Inside a metro car Cristóbal Colón station, Line 4 Metro de Santiago is the metro system serving Santiago, the capital of the Republic of Chile. ... Metro is: a general term, synonymous with rapid transit, subway or underground, for an urban underground rail public transit system (see list of rapid transit systems); any of several specific public transport systems, including: Bi-State Development Agency in Missouri and Illinois, d/b/a Metro since 2003 Buffalo Metro... The snowcapped Andes are a Santiago landmark Santiago (Spanish: ) is Chiles capital and largest city. ...

The Washington Metro in Washington, DC opened in 1976, as part of changing attitudes towards transportation in the United States, leading to subway systems in many cities that had done without. The Washington Metro, or simply Metro, is the public transportation system of Washington, D.C. and neighboring suburban communities in Maryland and Virginia, both inside and outside the Capital Beltway. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

In 1979, Hong Kong's subway line, the MTR, began operations. It currently has seven lines, including four that run underneath Victoria Harbour. By 1982, the British section of the Kowloon-Canton Railway, now known as KCR East Rail, started to provide metro-like service upon electrification was completed. This page refers to the year 1979. ... Causeway Bay station on the Island Line. ... Victoria Harbour The night view of the Victoria Harbour with the skyscrapers in Central behind, viewed from Tsim Sha Tsui Victoria Harbour (Traditional Chinese: 維多利亞港; Simplified Chinese: 维多利亚港; Cantonese Jyutping: wai4 do1 lei6 aa3 gong2; Mandarin Pinyin: Wéiduōlìyà Gǎng) is the harbour between the Kowloon Peninsula and the... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Opening Date 10 October 1911 Stations 14 Number of trains 37 Service Area North, Tai Po, Sha Tin, Yau Tsim Mong, Sham Shui Po, Kowloon City The East Rail (東鐵) is one of the three lines of the KCR network in Hong Kong. ...

The MTR of Hong Kong

Recent developments in the New York City metropolitan area include new, elevated lines such as AirTrain JFK in New York City and surface lines such as the Hudson-Bergen Light Rail along the Hudson River in New Jersey. These are often seen as futuristic, or at least modern, and are compared favorably to old-style elevated railways. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Causeway Bay station on the Island Line. ... AirTrain JFK is a 13 km (8. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ... Hudson-Bergen Light Rail trains at the Exchange Place stop in Jersey City HBLR train on Hudson Street, near Exchange Place station in Jersey City Harborside Financial Center station, Jersey City The Hudson-Bergen Light Rail (HBLR) is a light rail system, owned by New Jersey Transit and operated by... The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk in Mahican, is a river running mainly through New York State but partly forming the boundary between the states of New York and New Jersey. ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... For the meaning in finance, see futures contract. ...

1987 saw the Mass Rapid Transit in Singapore open. It was the world's first heavy rail system to feature platform screen doors. The country made news again by having the world's first automated heavy rail system. The network has three lines with another one to be ready by 2010. 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The logo of the Public Transport System A C751B train at Eunos MRT Station. ... The term heavy rail is often used for regular railways, to distinguish from systems such as trams/light rail and metro. ... Platform screen doors at St Lazare on the Paris Metro Platform screen doors, also known as platform-edge doors, are doors for screening the platform and trains at train or subway stations. ... 2010 (MMX) will be a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The most recently completed fully underground heavy rail metro line in North America is the LACMTA Red Line in Los Angeles, which goes from Union Station in downtown Los Angeles, through the mid-Wilshire area, East Hollywood, central Hollywood, and ending 17 miles away in North Hollywood in the San Fernando Valley. Construction was started on this line in 1986 and completed in 2000. In autumn 2005, several politicians including Los Angeles mayor Antonio Villaraigosa indicated a desire to complete the originally conceived subway route along Wilshire Boulevard to West Los Angeles and Santa Monica. World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... The Metro Red Line of the Los Angeles County Metro Rail is a heavy rail metro line in Los Angeles. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... ... North Hollywood is a district in the San Fernando Valley section of Los Angeles, California. ... San Fernando Valley The San Fernando Valley is an urbanized valley in southern California, lying mostly within the city limits of Los Angeles. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Antonio Ramon Villaraigosa (born January 23, 1953) is the current mayor of Los Angeles, California. ... Wilshire Boulevard in the Miracle Mile District, looking east toward Downtown Los Angeles Wilshire Boulevard in Westwood, looking east toward the Millionaires Mile Wilshire Boulevard is one of the principal east-west arterial roads in Los Angeles, California. ... West Los Angeles, also called the Westside, is generally considered to be the portion of Los Angeles, California and its suburbs that lies east of the Pacific Ocean including Brentwood, west of La Brea Avenue (varying definitions set the boundary at Fairfax Avenue or even the eastern border of Beverly... Santa Monica Pier Santa Monica is a coastal city located in Los Angeles County, California USA, by the Pacific Ocean, south of Pacific Palisades and Brentwood, west of Westwood, Los Angeles, and north of Venice. ...

Finance

Many early urban railways were constructed by private enterprise, either independently as in London, or under a government franchise as in Paris. Profitable suburban railways in Japan are among the oldest in the nation, and were built and operated privately and cheaply through what had been rural areas, now often dense urban areas. Later, direct government control and ownership became the norm worldwide as corporations found it difficult to maintain profitability, although in recent years, this trend has been reversed to some extent with moves towards public-private partnership, as in Japan's spinoff of the formerly unprofitable Japan National Railways. The private sector of a nations economy consists of those entities which are not controlled by the state - i. ... The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ... In law, an exclusive right is the power or right to perform an action in relation to an object or other thing which others cannnot perform. ... Paris Art Nouveau Metro sign The Paris Métro is the metro (underground) system in Paris, France. ... Public-private partnership (PPP) is a system in which a government service or private business venture is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. ... Japanese National Railways (日本国有鉄道 Nippon Kokuyū Tetsudō), abbreviated Kokutetsu (国鉄) or JNR, was the national railway network of Japan from 1872 to 1987. ...

One reason urban railways today cost so much to build is because they are built after a city has become dense and land values have become high, necessitating tunnels and elevated tracks. In Japan, where skyscrapers, corporate offices, malls, and departments stores are built beside and connect seamlessly to existing train stations, often stations create their own skylines and cities.

Whatever its original financing, any metro system requires ongoing expenditure to maintain and replace its trains, tracks, tunnels, and other infrastructure. Any under-financed system will become unreliable and unpleasant to use, and eventually unsafe, and thus will lose public support as it used to happen to New York's system between the 1970s through the mid 1980s, where its trains were infamous for graffiti and vandalism.

In the United States, the lack of metro, subway, or other rapid transit systems except in a few of the larger cities has been attributed to automobiles, buses, and advocacy of public road-funding to compete effectively against existing streetcar and trolley systems. In addition, an agreement between many cities, counties, and rich and poor communities to fund construction and obtain right of way must occur, often stalling or derailing the process. These went into decline early in the twentieth century due to a variety of factors including public preference, government regulation, corporate influence and decline in ridership due to failure of the operators to maintain their facilities. (The decline of rapid transit outside of major metropolitan centers gave rise by some to the General Motors Streetcar Conspiracy, a conspiracy theory that automobile and oil interests directly engineered the dismantling of tram networks and blocking rapid transit development. The General Motors streetcar conspiracy refers to a contention that General Motors (GM), acting in conjunction with several other companies and through the National City Lines (NCL) holding company, illegally acquired many streetcar systems in various cities around the United States, dismantled and replaced them with buses for the express... A conspiracy theory attempts to explain the ultimate cause of an event (usually a political, social, or historical event) as a secret, and often deceptive, plot by a covert alliance of powerful people or organizations rather than as an overt activity or as natural occurrence. ...

In Hong Kong, where land prices are high, new railway projects are financed by the development right of lands adjacent to the routes, depots and stations the government granted to the railway companies. Thanks to the high density of urban development and high ridership, railway operations are usually profitable.

Similarities to light rail

There has always been some crossover between rapid transit and "lighter" streetcar/tram systems. For example, some lines of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company in New York City were elevated in built-up areas and ran at street level, often along streets, in less crowded areas. TW2000 car in Hanover Volkswagen Cargo-Tram in Dresden on a section of grassed track. ... The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) was a transportation holding company formed in 1896 to acquire and consolidate transit facilities in Kings County, now Brooklyn, New York. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ...

In many German cities, such as Hannover, the opposite applies, with trams descending into tunnels to cross the city centre. TW2000 car in Hanover Volkswagen Cargo-Tram in Dresden on a section of grassed track. ...

In the other direction, interurban streetcars provided rapid transit-style transit from cities to suburbs and other cities, running mainly on separate rights-of-way (sometimes sharing tracks with intercity rail) but using streetcar equipment. Most interurbans have been abandoned, but some (like the Norristown High Speed Line near Philadelphia) have been reconstructed to rapid transit specifications. An interurban streetcar line or interurban, also called a radial railway in Canada, is a streetcar line running between urban areas. ... A right-of-way (plural: rights-of-way) is an easement or strip of land granted to a railroad company upon which to build a railroad. ... Inter-city rail services are train services which cover larger distances than commuter trains. ... a historic postcard showing electric trolley-powered streetcars in Richmond, Virginia, where Frank J. Sprague successfully demonstrated his new system on the hills in 1888 A streetcar is a railway vehicle designed to carry passengers on tracks, usually laid in city streets. ... The Norristown High Speed Line (NHSL), operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority as Route 100 of the Suburban Transit Division, is a hybrid between light rail and rapid transit operating between Norristown Transportation Center and 69th Street Terminal, running entirely on its own right of way, inherited from the... Philadelphia is a village located in Jefferson County, New York. ...

Additionally, many streetcar/tram systems include underground and (less commonly) elevated sections, in which everything about the system except the right-of-way is built to streetcar standards. Notably, the first subway in the United States, Boston's Green Line, opened in 1897 to take streetcars off downtown streets, though it did carry elevated trains from 1901 until the Washington Street Subway opened. Likewise, San Francisco's Market Street Subway carries Muni Metro light rail on the upper tracks and Bay Area Rapid Transit metro trains on the lower level. Boston is a town and small port c. ... Two trains at Park Street. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Orange Line is one of the four subway lines of the MBTA. It extends from Forest Hills in Jamaica Plain, Boston in the south to Oak Grove in Malden, Massachusetts in the north. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... The Market Street Subway is a subway tunnel in San Francisco, California, United States. ... Muni Metro is a mass transit system operated in the City and County of San Francisco by the San Francisco Municipal Railway. ... The San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART) is a public rapid-transit system that serves parts of the San Francisco Bay Area, including the cities of San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Daly City, Richmond, Fremont, Hayward, Walnut Creek, and Concord. ...

The coming of modern light rail in the 1970s brought new crossovers. New systems were built and old streetcar/tram systems were upgraded with higher capacity and speeds, but retaining some aspects of streetcars and trams. Some systems known as light rail, such as the Docklands Light Railway in London, Manchester Metrolink in Manchester, UK and New York City's AirTrain JFK, are rapid transit systems but commonly described as light rail (though some argue the light rail in AirTrain's case may be due to its common use to describe the Bombardier's Advanced Rapid Transit). Indeed, in a many Asian countries, light rail is usually used to refer to some sort of rapid transit system but not used to refer to street cars or trams. Other light-rail systems may use high platforms but otherwise run as streetcars. A few systems similar to interurban streetcars have come back, such as New Jersey's River LINE, which operates over freight rails for most of its trip, and along streets on one end. The KCR Light Rail, which runs as streetcars, operates with high platforms, with some of its sections elevated or street level right-of-way, and some at ground-level by away from streets. This article is about light rail systems in general. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) is a light rail public transport metro serving the redeveloped Docklands area of east London, England. ... London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom, and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... A Metrolink Tram in Manchester city centre. ... Manchester is a city in England, considered by many to be the countrys second city [1][2]. It is a centre of the arts, the media, higher education and big business. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ... AirTrain JFK is a 13 km (8. ... Bombardier Inc. ... Where most trains have a driver’s cab, ART Mark II trains give passengers a large picture window through which they can see where the train is going. ... An interurban streetcar line or interurban, also called a radial railway in Canada, is a streetcar line running between urban areas. ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... An editor requests that a map be made for use in this article. ... Opening Date 25 September 1988 Routes 9 Number of trains 1191 Service Area Tuen Mun, Yuen Long The KCR Light Rail is one of the four systems of the KCR network in Hong Kong. ...

See also

Stockholm Metro, Rådhuset Station

• All-four
• Bombardier Advanced Rapid Transit
• Bus rapid transit
• H-Bahn
• Light rail
• List of rapid transit systems
• Metrophile (A person with a devoted interest in these systems).
• Metro station
• Monorail
• Public transport
• Rubber-tired metro
• S-Bahn
• Third rail
• Tram
• Transit fares
• U-Bahn
• Urban rail transit

ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1531 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Stockholm Metro ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1531 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Stockholm Metro ... Stockholm Metro, Hötorget Station RÃ¥dhuset Station on the blue line KungsträdgÃ¥rden Station on the blue line T-Centralen, blue line. ... RÃ¥dhuset Station on the blue line RÃ¥dhuset metro station. ... All-four is an urban transport scheme first annunciated by the Brooklyn_Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT—New York City) in the 1930s in which different transportation technologies are chosen and implemented in an integrated system. ... Where most trains have a driver’s cab, ART Mark II trains give passengers a large picture window through which they can see where the train is going. ... Silver Line in Boston Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a broad term given to a variety of different transportation systems that, through infrastructural and scheduling improvements, attempt to use buses to provide a service that is of a higher quality than an ordinary bus line. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about light rail systems in general. ... This is an alphabetical list of cities worldwide that have a rapid transit system, or a light-rail system with some elements of rapid transit. ... A metrophile is a person whos hobby is the study of metro (subway, underground) systems. ... [[image:Madrid-metro-1. ... The KL Monorail in Kuala Lumpur, a colourful straddle-beam monorail A monorail is a transit system, resembling a metro or railroad with a track consisting of a beam (guideway), not a single rail as is implied by the name, as opposed to the traditional track with two parallel rails. ... Skytrain Bangkok. ... A rubber-tyred train of the Paris Métro. ... (Translated from the German wikipedia article) The S-Bahn is a suburban metro railway network in Germany. ... Third rail at the West Falls Church Metro stop in the Washington, D.C. area, electrified to 750 volts. ... TW2000 car in Hanover Volkswagen Cargo-Tram in Dresden on a section of grassed track. ... Transit fares are fees charged for travel on publicly chartered or operated transportation systems, including subways, trolleys and buses (as these are known in northeastern parts of the United States). ... U-Bahn is the German abbreviation for Untergrund-Bahn (literally, underground railway), referring to a means of urban rapid transit, internationally known as subway, underground or metro. ... Urban rail transit is an all-encompassing term for various types of local rail systems serving urban or older suburban areas. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Rapid transit

• New York City Subway Resources, an extensive site that includes many photos and much information about rapid transit systems in the U.S. and worldwide, in addition to New York City.
• UrbanRail.Net (formerly called metroPlanet) – descriptions of all metro systems in the world, each with a schematic map showing all stations.
• rapidtransit.com, which includes links to operating companies
• BOOK - Containing the official current map of every metro, underground, subway and U Bahn in the world
• Undistorted metro network maps, all at the same scale for comparison.
• More undistorted maps, for all of the systems of North America.
• Metro Bits Subways need not be boring or dreary! Various aspects of the world's metros.
• METROS - About Budapest Metro
• Monorail Society A group of monorail enthusiasts. Website has extensive resources: technical information, manufacturers, photographs, reports on current monorail systems around the world.
• Mind the Gap "Mind the Gap" in Japanese, Cantonese and Mandarin.
• Memoirs of a subway musician This musician played in the subway stations of NYC, Paris, Prague & Rome.
• absence-of-fear.de, a German site with a focus on the architecture of underground stations.
• Departing subways Short videos from several cities.
• PHOTOS - A young photographer with an obsession with the history written on the subway walls and windows and waiting areas
• CityRailTransit - real-distance metro maps

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...