This is a list of rulers of Damascus from ancient times to the present.

General context: History of Damascus.

Damascus by night, pictured from Jabal Qasioun; the green spots are minarets Damascus (Arabic officially دمشق Dimashq, colloquially ash-Sham الشام) is the capital city of Syria and is the oldest inhabited city in the world. ...

Canaanite

• Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC?)
• Biryawaza (1300s BC)

Canaanite can describe anything pertaining to Canaan: in particular, its languages and inhabitants. ... (Redirected from 2500 BC) (26th century BC - 25th century BC - 24th century BC - other centuries) (4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC) Events 2900 - 2334 BC -- Mesopotamian wars of the Early Dynastic period 2494 BC -- End of Fourth Dynasty, start of Fifth Dynasty in Egypt. ... Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC 1310s BC - 1300s BC - 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC 1250s BC Events and Trends Cecrops II, legendary King of Athens dies after a reign of 40 years and...

Aramaean

• Rezon I (c. 950 BC)
• Tab-Rimmon
• Bar Haddad I (c. 914 BC-c. 880 BC)
• Bar Haddad II (c. 880 BC-c. 843 BC)
• Hazael (c. 843 BC-c. 804 BC)
• Bar Haddad III (c. 796 BC)
• Tab-El (c. 770 BC)
• Rezon II (c. 740 BC-732 BC)

The Arameans or Aramaeans (also called Syriacs) were a Semitic, nomadic people who dwelt in Aram-Naharaim or Aram of the two rivers, also known as Mesopotamia a region including modern Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Iran that is mentioned six times in the Hebrew Bible. ... Centuries: 11th century BC - 10th century BC - 9th century BC Decades: 1000s BC 990s BC 980s BC 970s BC 960s BC - 950s BC - 940s BC 930s BC 920s BC 910s BC 900s BC Events and Trends 959 BC - Psusennes II succeeds Siamun as king of Egypt. ... Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 890s BC 880s BC 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC - 840s BC - 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC Events and Trends 845 BC - Pherecles, King of Athens dies after a reign of 19 years and... Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 890s BC 880s BC 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC - 840s BC - 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC Events and Trends 845 BC - Pherecles, King of Athens dies after a reign of 19 years and... Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 850s BC 840s BC 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC - 800s BC - 790s BC 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC Events and Trends 804 BC - Hadad-nirari IV of Assyria conquers Damascus. ... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 840s BC 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC - 790s BC - 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC Events and Trends 797 BC - Ardysus I becomes king of Lydia. ... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC 790s BC 780s BC - 770s BC - 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC 730s BC 720s BC Events and Trends 778 BC - Agamestor, King of Athens dies after a reign of 17 years and... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 790s BC 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC - 740s BC - 730s BC 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC Events and Trends February 26 747 BC - Nabonassar becomes king of Assyria 747 BC - Meles becomes king... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC - 730s BC - 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC Events and Trends 739 BC - Hiram II becomes king of Tyre 738 BC - King Tiglath-Pileser III...

Period of non-independence

• to Assyria (732 BC-609 BC)
  • Ilu-Ittia (c. 700s BC)
• to Babylon (609 BC-539 BC)
• to Persia (539 BC-332 BC)
• to Macedon (332 BC-323 BC)
• to Antigonids (323 BC-301 BC)
• to Egypt (301 BC-198 BC)
• to Seleucids (198 BC-167 BC)
• to Ituraea (167 BC-110 BC)
• to the Decapolis (110 BC-85 BC)
• to Nabataea (85 BC-64 BC)
• to the Roman Republic/Roman Empire/Byzantine Empire (64 BC-635)
  • to the Ghassanids (529-584; ?-635)

Assyria in earliest historical times referred to a region on the Upper Tigris river, named for its original capital, the city of Ashur. ... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC - 730s BC - 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC Events and Trends 739 BC - Hiram II becomes king of Tyre 738 BC - King Tiglath-Pileser III... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC 550s BC Events and Trends Fall of the Assyrian Empire and Rise of Babylon 609 BC _ King Josiah... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 750s BC 740s BC 730s BC 720s BC 710s BC - 700s BC - 690s BC 680s BC 670s BC 660s BC 650s BC Events and Trends 708 BC - Spartan immigrants found Taras (Tarentum, the modern Taranto) colony in southern Italy. ... Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu, an ancient city in Mesopotamia (Location: 32° 32′ 11″ N 44° 25′ 15″ E, modern Al Hillah, Iraq). ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC 550s BC Events and Trends Fall of the Assyrian Empire and Rise of Babylon 609 BC _ King Josiah... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC Events and Trends 538 BC - Babylon occupied by Jews transported to Babylon are allowed to return to... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC Events and Trends 538 BC - Babylon occupied by Jews transported to Babylon are allowed to return to... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC 333 BC - 332 BC - 331 BC 329 BC 328... Macedon (or Macedonia from Greek ) in Classical Antiquity was the ancient state of Macedonia on the margins of Ancient Greece, bordering with the Greek state of Epirus on the west and with Thrace on the East. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC 333 BC - 332 BC - 331 BC 329 BC 328... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 328 BC 327 BC 326 BC 325 BC 324 BC - 323 BC - 322 BC 321 BC 320... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 328 BC 327 BC 326 BC 325 BC 324 BC - 323 BC - 322 BC 321 BC 320... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC Battle of Ipsus: King... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC Battle of Ipsus: King... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC Years: 203 BC 202 BC 201 BC 200 BC 199 BC - 198 BC - 197 BC 196 BC... Seleucus I Nicator (Nicator, the Victor) (around 358–281 BC) was one of Alexander the Greats generals who, after Alexanders death in 323 BC, founded the Seleucid Empire. ... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC Years: 203 BC 202 BC 201 BC 200 BC 199 BC - 198 BC - 197 BC 196 BC... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC - 160s BC - 150s BC140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC Years: 172 BC 171 BC 170 BC 169 BC 168 BC - 167 BC - 166 BC 165 BC 164... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC - 160s BC - 150s BC140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC Years: 172 BC 171 BC 170 BC 169 BC 168 BC - 167 BC - 166 BC 165 BC 164... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC - 110s BC - 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC Years: 115 BC 114 BC 113 BC 112 BC 111 BC - 110 BC - 109 BC 108 BC... The oval forum and cardo of Gerasa The Decapolis (Greek: deka, ten; polis, city) was a group of ten cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire in Syria and Palestine. ... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC - 110s BC - 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC Years: 115 BC 114 BC 113 BC 112 BC 111 BC - 110 BC - 109 BC 108 BC... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC - 80s BC - 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC Years: 90 BC 89 BC 88 BC 87 BC 86 BC - 85 BC - 84 BC 83 BC 82... Petra, the Nabataean capital The Nabataeans, a people of ancient Arabia, whose settlements in the time of Josephus gave the name of Nabatene to the border-land between Syria and Arabia from the Euphrates to the Red Sea. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC - 80s BC - 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC Years: 90 BC 89 BC 88 BC 87 BC 86 BC - 85 BC - 84 BC 83 BC 82... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC - 60s BC - 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC Years: 69 BC 68 BC 67 BC 66 BC 65 BC 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61... See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century) The Roman Republic (Latin: Res Publica Romanorum) was the republican government of the city of Rome and its territories from 510 BC until the establishment of the Roman Empire, which sometimes placed at 44 BC the year of Caesar... The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian (better known as Caesar Augustus). ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centred at its capital in Constantinople. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC - 60s BC - 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC Years: 69 BC 68 BC 67 BC 66 BC 65 BC 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61... Events Saint Aidan founds Lindisfarne in Northumbria, England Nestorian China Births Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia (approximate date) 23 May - Chan Bahlum II, king of Palenque Deaths Categories: 635 ... The Ghassanids were Arab Christians that emigrated in A.D. 250 from Yemen to the Hauran, in southern Syria. ... For other uses, see number 529. ... Events The Visigoths conquer the Suevi kingdom in Spain. ... Events Saint Aidan founds Lindisfarne in Northumbria, England Nestorian China Births Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia (approximate date) 23 May - Chan Bahlum II, king of Palenque Deaths Categories: 635 ...

Ummayad dynasty

The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic الأمويون / بنو أمية umawiyy; in Turkish, Emevi) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the Quraish. ...

Ummayad emirs

• Halid ibn Abd al-Walid (635-636)
• Abu Ubaid (636-637)
• Amr ibn al-Aas (637-640)
• Yazid ibn Abu Sufyan (640)
• Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan (640-661)

Entrance to the emirs palace in Bukhara. ... Events Saint Aidan founds Lindisfarne in Northumbria, England Nestorian China Births Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia (approximate date) 23 May - Chan Bahlum II, king of Palenque Deaths Categories: 635 ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... Events Arabs conquer Jerusalem Battle of al-Qadisiyah: Arabs defeat Persian army, take Persian capital of Ctesiphon Battle of Mag Rath: Dalriada influence in Ulster greatly reduced Births Deaths Categories: 637 ... Events Arabs conquer Jerusalem Battle of al-Qadisiyah: Arabs defeat Persian army, take Persian capital of Ctesiphon Battle of Mag Rath: Dalriada influence in Ulster greatly reduced Births Deaths Categories: 637 ... Events May 28 - Severinus becomes pope, but dies the same year. ... Events May 28 - Severinus becomes pope, but dies the same year. ... Muawiyah I (602 - May 6, 680) was an early Muslim leader, one of the sahaba (Companions) of Muhammad, and founder of the Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs. ... Events May 28 - Severinus becomes pope, but dies the same year. ... Events Caliph Ali Ben Abu Talib is assassinated. ...

Ummayad dynasty ruling in Damascus

• Muawiyah I ibn Abu Sufyan (661-680)
• Yazid I ibn Muawiyah (680-683)
• Muawiya II ibn Yazid (683-684)
• Marwan I ibn Hakam (684-685)
• Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (685-705)
• al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik (705-715
• Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik (715-717)
• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (717-720 )
• Yazid II ibn Abd al-Malik (720-724)
• Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (724-743)
• al-Walid II ibn Yazid II (743-744)
• Yazid III ibn al-Walid (744)
• Ibrahim ibn al-Walid (744)
• Marwan II ibn Muhammad (ruled from Harran in the Jazira, 744-750)

Muawiyah I (602 - May 6, 680) was an early Muslim leader, one of the sahaba (Companions) of Muhammad, and founder of the Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs. ... Events Caliph Ali Ben Abu Talib is assassinated. ... Events October 10 - Battle of Kerbela November 12 - The Sixth Ecumenical Council opens in Constantinople The Bulgars subjugate the country of current-day Bulgaria Pippin of Herstal becomes Mayor of the Palace Umayyad caliph Muawiyah I succeeded by Yazid I ibn Muawiyah Erwig deposes Wamba to become king of the... Yazid bin Muawiyah (Arabic: يزيد بن معاويه) (c. ... Events October 10 - Battle of Kerbela November 12 - The Sixth Ecumenical Council opens in Constantinople The Bulgars subjugate the country of current-day Bulgaria Pippin of Herstal becomes Mayor of the Palace Umayyad caliph Muawiyah I succeeded by Yazid I ibn Muawiyah Erwig deposes Wamba to become king of the... Events Umayyad caliph Yazid I (680 - 683) succeeded by Muawiya II ibn Yazid (683 - 684) End of the reign of Pacal the Great, ruler of Maya state of Palenque Births Emperor Mommu of Japan Bilge Khan, emperor of the Gokturks I Sin, Chinese astronomer Deaths Pope Leo II Tang Gao... Muawiya II or Muawiya ibn Yazid (661 - 684) was an Umayyad caliph for about four months after the death of his father Yazid I. The empire he inherited was in a state of disarray with Abdullah bin Zubayr claiming to be the true caliph and holding the Hejaz as well... Events Umayyad caliph Yazid I (680 - 683) succeeded by Muawiya II ibn Yazid (683 - 684) End of the reign of Pacal the Great, ruler of Maya state of Palenque Births Emperor Mommu of Japan Bilge Khan, emperor of the Gokturks I Sin, Chinese astronomer Deaths Pope Leo II Tang Gao... Events Wu Ze Tian took power in China. ... Marwan ibn Hakam (623 - 685) was an Umayyad caliph who took over the dynasty after Muawiya II gave up the title in 684. ... Events Wu Ze Tian took power in China. ... Events Umayyad caliph Marwan I (684-685) succeeded by Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (685-705) Justinian II succeeds Constantine IV as emperor of the Byzantine Empire Sussex attacks Kent, supporting Eadrics claim to the throne held by Hlothhere Pope Benedict II succeeded by Pope John V Cuthbert consecrated... Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (646 - 705) was an Umayyad caliph. ... Events Umayyad caliph Marwan I (684-685) succeeded by Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (685-705) Justinian II succeeds Constantine IV as emperor of the Byzantine Empire Sussex attacks Kent, supporting Eadrics claim to the throne held by Hlothhere Pope Benedict II succeeded by Pope John V Cuthbert consecrated... Alternate meaning: Area code 705 Events End of the short-lived Zhou Dynasty in China Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik succeeded by al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik. ... Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik or Al-Walid I (668 - 715) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 705 - 715. ... Alternate meaning: Area code 705 Events End of the short-lived Zhou Dynasty in China Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik succeeded by al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik. ... Events August 11 - Germanus is translated from the bishopric of Cyzicus to the Patriarch of Constantinople Umayyad caliph al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik succeeded by Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik End of the reign of Empress Gemmei of Japan, she is succeeded by Empress Gensho. ... Suleiman bin Abd al-Malik (c. ... Events August 11 - Germanus is translated from the bishopric of Cyzicus to the Patriarch of Constantinople Umayyad caliph al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik succeeded by Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik End of the reign of Empress Gemmei of Japan, she is succeeded by Empress Gensho. ... Events March 25 - Leo III usurps the throne of Byzantium August 15 - Muslama begins the Second Arab siege of Constantinople. ... Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (c. ... Events March 25 - Leo III usurps the throne of Byzantium August 15 - Muslama begins the Second Arab siege of Constantinople. ... For other uses, see number 720. ... Yazid bin Abd al-Malik or Yazid II (687 - 724) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 720 until his death in 724. ... For other uses, see number 720. ... Events End of the reign of Empress Gensho of Japan Emperor Shomu succeeds to the throne of Japan. ... Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (691–743) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 723 until his death in 743. ... Events End of the reign of Empress Gensho of Japan Emperor Shomu succeeds to the throne of Japan. ... Events Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (724-743) succeeded by al-Walid II ibn Abd al-Malik (743-744). ... Walid ibn Yazid or Walid II (d. ... Events Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (724-743) succeeded by al-Walid II ibn Abd al-Malik (743-744). ... Events February - Hildeprand succeeds Liutprand as king of the Lombards. ... Yazid ibn Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik or Yazid III (701 - 744) (Arabic: يزيد ابن الوليد ابن عبد الملك) was an Umayyad caliph. ... Events February - Hildeprand succeeds Liutprand as king of the Lombards. ... Ibrahim ibn Al-Walid was an Umayyad caliph. ... Events February - Hildeprand succeeds Liutprand as king of the Lombards. ... Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan or Marwan II (750-688) (Arabic: مروان ابن محمد ابن مروان) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 744 until 750 when he was killed. ... Ruins of the Ulu Cami (Great Mosque) at Harran Harran, also known as Carrhae, is an archeological site in present day southeastern Turkey, 24 miles (39 kilometers) southeast of Sanli Urfa. ... You may be looking for: Al Jazeera, the Qatar-based satellite channel Al-Jazeerah Information Center, an unrelated site with a similar name Al Jazira also refers to the northern section of Iraqs riparian plain, which corresponds to ancient Assyria, which had its capital at Ninevah, near the present... Events February - Hildeprand succeeds Liutprand as king of the Lombards. ... Events Last Umayyad caliph Marwan II (744-750) overthrown by first Abbasid caliph, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah Bold textItalic textLink title GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM...

Abbasid emirs

• Abdallah ibn 'Ali (750-753)
• as-Salih ibn 'Ali (753)
• Abd al-Bahhab ibn Ibrahim al-Abbasi (754-763)
• ?
• Abu Ja'far Harun al-Rashid (783-786)
• ?
• Ibrahim as-Salih (791-793)
• Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (793-794)
• Abd al-Malik ibn as-Salih (794-797)
• Ja'far ibn Yahya (797-803)
• Shuyat ibn Hadim (803-804)
• ?
• Yahya ibn Muad (808-810)
• Abd al-Malik ibn as-Salih (810-811)
• Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (811-815)
• Tahir ibn al-Husein (815-821)
• Abdallah ibn Tahir (821-822)
• ?
• Abu Ishaq Muhammad al-Mu'tasim (828-829)
• al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun (829-833)
• 'Ali ibn Ishaq (833-841)
• Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841-847)
• Malik ibn Sauq al-Taglibi (847-850)
• Ibrahim al-Muyad ibn Mutawakkil (850-855)
• al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856-861)
• 'Isa ibn Muhammad ibn al-Shayh (861-864)
• ?
• Amajur (871-872)
• Abu Ahmad Talha al-Muwaffak ibn Mutawakkil (872-877)
• to Egypt (877-969)
  • Tughj ibn Jauf (896)
  • Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Ikshidi (896-933)
  • Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Kaigaliq (933-935)
  • directly to Egypt (935-943)
  • Hamdanid dynasty
    • Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943-945)
    • Saif ad-Dawlah Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Abu al-Shuja (945)
    • Muhammad ibn Raik (945-946)
    • Saif ad-Dawlah Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Abu al-Shuja (946)
  • directly to Egypt (Ikhshidid dynasty, 946-969)

Abbasid provinces during the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid Abbasid (Arabic: العبّاسدين ) was the dynastic name generally given to the caliphs of Baghdad, the second of the two great Sunni dynasties of the Muslim empire, that overthrew the Umayyid caliphs. ... Events Last Umayyad caliph Marwan II (744-750) overthrown by first Abbasid caliph, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah Bold textItalic textLink title GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM GARY CANT SWIM... Events Synod of Constantinople called by Emperor Constantine V. Samarkand conquered by Arabs. ... Events Synod of Constantinople called by Emperor Constantine V. Samarkand conquered by Arabs. ... Events Pope Stephen III crowns Pepin the short King of the Franks at St. ... Events Ciniod succeeds Bridei V as king of the Picts. ... Harun al-Rashid (Arabic هارون الرشيد also spelled Harun ar-Rashid, Haroun al-Rashid or Haroon al Rasheed; English: Aaron the Upright; ca. ... Events Births Deaths July 12: Bertrada, wife of Pippin III Categories: 783 ... Events A council is organized in Constantinople, but disturbed by soldiers Beatus of Liébana, Spanish monk, publishes his Births Emperor Saga of Japan Emperor Junna of Japan Deaths Other 786 is the total value of the letters of Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim. In Arabic there are two methods... Events The Avars invade Europe again, but are defeated by Charlemagne in 796. ... Events Vikings sack the monastery of Lindisfarne, Northumbria. ... Events Vikings sack the monastery of Lindisfarne, Northumbria. ... Events Kyoto becomes the Japanese capital. ... Events Kyoto becomes the Japanese capital. ... Events July 17 - Irene orders her son, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VI captured and deposed August 15 - Irenes orders are accomplished; her son is blinded, and herself declared emperor the next day. ... Events July 17 - Irene orders her son, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VI captured and deposed August 15 - Irenes orders are accomplished; her son is blinded, and herself declared emperor the next day. ... Events Nicephorus I and Charlemagne settle their imperial boundaries. ... Events Nicephorus I and Charlemagne settle their imperial boundaries. ... Events March 25 - The Inscription of Sukabumi from Eastern Java marks the beginning of the Javanese language. ... Events The Abbasid capital is moved north from Baghdad to Samarra. ... Events October 1 - A man with a sword makes an attempt on emperor Nicephorus Is life. ... Events October 1 - A man with a sword makes an attempt on emperor Nicephorus Is life. ... Events July 26 - Battle of Pliska: Nicephorus I is defeated by the Bulgar khan Krum, and is succeeded by Stauracius as Byzantine emperor. ... Events July 26 - Battle of Pliska: Nicephorus I is defeated by the Bulgar khan Krum, and is succeeded by Stauracius as Byzantine emperor. ... Events An iconoclastic synod is held. ... Events An iconoclastic synod is held. ... Events Tang Mu Zong becomes emperor of China Births Deaths February 11 - Benedict of Aniane, monastic founder and saint December 18 - Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans Coenwulf, king of Mercia Categories: 821 ... Events Tang Mu Zong becomes emperor of China Births Deaths February 11 - Benedict of Aniane, monastic founder and saint December 18 - Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans Coenwulf, king of Mercia Categories: 821 ... Events Abd-ar-rahman II becomes ruler of Umayyad Spain. ... Abu Ishaq al-Mutasim ibn Harun (794 - January 5, 842) was an Abbasid caliph who reigned from 833 until 842). ... Events Egbert became first King of England Alcamo was founded by the Muslim commander al-Kamuk. ... Events Egbert of Wessex conquers Mercia and is recognized as Bretwalda. ... Abu Jafar al-Mamun ibn Harun (786 - October 10, 833) (المأمون) was an Abbasid caliph who reigned from 813 until his death in 833. ... Events Egbert of Wessex conquers Mercia and is recognized as Bretwalda. ... Events End of the reign of caliph Al-Mamun Nimmyo succeeds Junna as emperor of Japan Creation of Great Moravia Births Deaths October 10 - al-Mamun, Abbasid caliph of Baghdad Categories: 833 ... Events End of the reign of caliph Al-Mamun Nimmyo succeeds Junna as emperor of Japan Creation of Great Moravia Births Deaths October 10 - al-Mamun, Abbasid caliph of Baghdad Categories: 833 ... Events June 25: Battle of Fontenay _ Louis the German and Charles the Bald defeat Lothar. ... Events June 25: Battle of Fontenay _ Louis the German and Charles the Bald defeat Lothar. ... Events Succession of Pope Leo IV, (847 - 855) Births Alfred the Great Deaths Pope Sergius II, (844 - 847) Categories: 847 ... Events Succession of Pope Leo IV, (847 - 855) Births Alfred the Great Deaths Pope Sergius II, (844 - 847) Categories: 847 ... Events April 20 - Guntherus becomes Bishop of Cologne. ... Events April 20 - Guntherus becomes Bishop of Cologne. ... Events Louis II succeeds Lothar as western emperor. ... Events Ethelbald usurps the throne of Wessex from his father Ethelwulf Earthquake in Corinth, Greece, kills an estimated 45,000 Bardas becomes regent for the Byzantine Emperor Michael III Ordono I of Asturias said to have begun the repopulation of the town of León Births Deaths February 4 - Rabanus... Events Carloman revolts against his father Louis the German. ... Events Carloman revolts against his father Louis the German. ... Events Khan Boris I of Bulgaria is baptized an Orthodox Christian. ... Events Nine battles are fought between the Danes and Wessex. ... Events Battle of Hafrsfjord in Norway, Harald Finehair first king of Norway. ... Events Battle of Hafrsfjord in Norway, Harald Finehair first king of Norway. ... Events The Danes take Exeter Indravarman II succeeds Jayavarman III as ruler of the Khmer Empire. ... Events The Danes take Exeter Indravarman II succeeds Jayavarman III as ruler of the Khmer Empire. ... Events December 11 - John I becomes Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. ... Events The Bulgarians, under Simeon I, defeat the Byzantine Empire at Bulgarophygon. ... Events The Bulgarians, under Simeon I, defeat the Byzantine Empire at Bulgarophygon. ... Events Jersey was seized by William Longsword, Duke of Normandy . ... Events Jersey was seized by William Longsword, Duke of Normandy . ... Events Václav (Saint Wenceslas), Duke of the Bohemians, murdered by his brother, Boleslav I, who succeeds him Gyeonhwon, the king of Hubaekje, is overthrown by his eldest son Singeom. ... Events Václav (Saint Wenceslas), Duke of the Bohemians, murdered by his brother, Boleslav I, who succeeds him Gyeonhwon, the king of Hubaekje, is overthrown by his eldest son Singeom. ... Events King Constantin II of Scotland retires and becomes a monk, succeeded by his cousin Malcolm I of Scotland Births Deaths Harald I of Norway Categories: 943 ... Hamdanid Dynasty: Muslim Arab dynasty of northern Iraq (Al-Jazirah) and Syria (905-1004). ... Events King Constantin II of Scotland retires and becomes a monk, succeeded by his cousin Malcolm I of Scotland Births Deaths Harald I of Norway Categories: 943 ... Events Saint Dunstan abbot at Glastonbury Edmund I of England conquers Strathclyde Howell the Good convenes a conference at Whitland, which reforms the laws of Wales Births Abbo of Fleury, French monk Deaths Igor of Kiev Categories: 945 ... Events Saint Dunstan abbot at Glastonbury Edmund I of England conquers Strathclyde Howell the Good convenes a conference at Whitland, which reforms the laws of Wales Births Abbo of Fleury, French monk Deaths Igor of Kiev Categories: 945 ... Events Saint Dunstan abbot at Glastonbury Edmund I of England conquers Strathclyde Howell the Good convenes a conference at Whitland, which reforms the laws of Wales Births Abbo of Fleury, French monk Deaths Igor of Kiev Categories: 945 ... Events Eadred I succeeds his brother as king of England End of the reign of Emperor Suzaku of Japan Emperor Murakami ascends the throne of Japan Births Deaths May 26 - King Edmund I of England Abu-Bakr Muhammad ben Yahya as-Suli Categories: 946 ... Events Eadred I succeeds his brother as king of England End of the reign of Emperor Suzaku of Japan Emperor Murakami ascends the throne of Japan Births Deaths May 26 - King Edmund I of England Abu-Bakr Muhammad ben Yahya as-Suli Categories: 946 ... The Ikhshidid dynasty of Egypt (sometimes transliterated other ways) ruled Egypt from 935 to 969. ... Events Eadred I succeeds his brother as king of England End of the reign of Emperor Suzaku of Japan Emperor Murakami ascends the throne of Japan Births Deaths May 26 - King Edmund I of England Abu-Bakr Muhammad ben Yahya as-Suli Categories: 946 ... Events December 11 - John I becomes Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. ...

Fatimid emirs

• Abu Ali Jafar ibn Fallah al-Katami (969-971)
• ?
• Zalim inbn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973-974)
• Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
• Rayn al-Muizzi (974)
• Alp Tegin al-Muizzi (974-977)
• Qassam al-Turab (977-983)
• Bal Tegin al-Turki (983)
• Bakjur (983-991)
• Munir al-Hadim (991)
• Magu Tegin (993-996)
• Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
• Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997-998)
• Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998-1000)
• Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000-1002)
• Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002-1004)
• Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004-1009)
• Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
• Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010-1011)
• Badr al-Attar (1011-1012)
• Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012-1014)
• Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015-1021)
• Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021-1023)
• Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023-1024)
• Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024-1028)
• Anushtegin ad-Dizbari (1028-1041)
• Nasir ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Husein al-Hamdani (1041-1048)
• Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048-1049)
• Uddat ad-Dawlah Rifq al-Mustansiri (1049)
• Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049-1058)
• Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
• Nasir ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Husein al-Hamdani (1058-1060)
• Sebuq Tegin (1060)
• Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060-1061)
• Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
• Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
• Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061-1063)
• Badr al-Jamali (1063)
• Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063-1067)
• Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068-1069)
• Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069-1071)
• ?
• Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075-1076)

The Fatimid or Fatimid Caliphate is the Ismaili Shiite dynasty that ruled North Africa from A.D. 909 to 1171. ... Events December 11 - John I becomes Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. ... Events Births Deaths Culen of Scotland Categories: 971 ... Events Edgar of England is crowned king by Saint Dunstan Births September 15 - Al_Biruni, mathematician († 1048) Abu al-Ala al-Maarri, poet Deaths May 7 - Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Categories: 973 ... Events Antipope Boniface VII succeeds Pope Benedict VI. The Byzantine Empire retakes Syria including Aleppo from the Abbasids. ... Events Antipope Boniface VII succeeds Pope Benedict VI. The Byzantine Empire retakes Syria including Aleppo from the Abbasids. ... Events Antipope Boniface VII succeeds Pope Benedict VI. The Byzantine Empire retakes Syria including Aleppo from the Abbasids. ... Events Antipope Boniface VII succeeds Pope Benedict VI. The Byzantine Empire retakes Syria including Aleppo from the Abbasids. ... Events Births Deaths Hunain ibn Ishaq, Egyptian physician Categories: 977 ... Events Births Deaths Hunain ibn Ishaq, Egyptian physician Categories: 977 ... Events Hugh Capet, a distant relative of the last Carolingian king of the Franks, is crowned King of France, beginning the Capetian dynasty and, arguably, modern French history. ... Events Hugh Capet, a distant relative of the last Carolingian king of the Franks, is crowned King of France, beginning the Capetian dynasty and, arguably, modern French history. ... Events Hugh Capet, a distant relative of the last Carolingian king of the Franks, is crowned King of France, beginning the Capetian dynasty and, arguably, modern French history. ... Events Battle of Maldon Sweyn I of Denmark recovers his throne Births Deaths Theophanu, empress, mother of Otto III Emperor Enyu of Japan Categories: 991 ... Events Battle of Maldon Sweyn I of Denmark recovers his throne Births Deaths Theophanu, empress, mother of Otto III Emperor Enyu of Japan Categories: 991 ... Events July 4 - Saint Ulrich of Augsburg canonized Births Deaths Categories: 993 ... Events March/April - Pope John XV dies before being being able to coronate Otto III, King of Germany as Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events March/April - Pope John XV dies before being being able to coronate Otto III, King of Germany as Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events City of Gdansk is founded Saint Adalbert of Prague is sent to Prussia by Boleslaus I of Poland Samuil of Bulgaria crowned Tsar by Pope Gregory V The town of Trondheim is founded. ... Events Benedictine abbey founded at Sherborne Births Deaths Abul-Wafa, iranian mathematician Categories: 998 ... Events Benedictine abbey founded at Sherborne Births Deaths Abul-Wafa, iranian mathematician Categories: 998 ... // Events World Population 300 million. ... // Events World Population 300 million. ... Events November 13 - English king Ethelred gives order to kill all Danes in England. ... Events November 13 - English king Ethelred gives order to kill all Danes in England. ... Events December: End of the Samanid dynasty in Bokhara. ... Events December: End of the Samanid dynasty in Bokhara. ... Events February 14: First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. ... Events February 14: First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. ... Events The Ly Dynasty in Vietnam is established (or 1009). ... Events Emperor Sanjo ascends to the throne of Japan. ... Events Emperor Sanjo ascends to the throne of Japan. ... Events Mael Morda starts a rebellion against Brian Boru in Ireland, which would eventually end in 1014 at the Battle of Clontarf. ... Events Mael Morda starts a rebellion against Brian Boru in Ireland, which would eventually end in 1014 at the Battle of Clontarf. ... Events February 14 - Pope Benedict VIII recognizes Henry of Bavaria as King of Germany July 29 - Battle of Kleidion: Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock... Events August: Canute the Great invades England. ... // Events Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, sixth Fatimid Caliph of Egypt disappears on a trip to al-Muqattam hills. ... // Events Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, sixth Fatimid Caliph of Egypt disappears on a trip to al-Muqattam hills. ... Events The Judge-Governor of Sevilla takes advantage of the disintegration of the caliphate of Córdoba and seizes power as Abbad I, thus founded the Abbadid dynasty. ... Events The Judge-Governor of Sevilla takes advantage of the disintegration of the caliphate of Córdoba and seizes power as Abbad I, thus founded the Abbadid dynasty. ... This article is about the year. ... This article is about the year. ... Events November 12 - Dying Emperor Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire marries his daughter Zoe of Byzantium to his chosen heir Romanus Argyrus. ... Events November 12 - Dying Emperor Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire marries his daughter Zoe of Byzantium to his chosen heir Romanus Argyrus. ... Events December 10 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V. Revolt at Worcester against the naval taxes of Harthacanute. ... Events December 10 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V. Revolt at Worcester against the naval taxes of Harthacanute. ... Events The city of Oslo is founded by Harald Hardråde of Norway. ... Events The city of Oslo is founded by Harald Hardråde of Norway. ... Events Leo IX becomes pope. ... Events Leo IX becomes pope. ... Events Leo IX becomes pope. ... Events March 17 - King Lulach I of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and rival Malcolm Canmore, who later becomes King of Scotland as Malcolm III of Scotland. ... Events March 17 - King Lulach I of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and rival Malcolm Canmore, who later becomes King of Scotland as Malcolm III of Scotland. ... Events March 17 - King Lulach I of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and rival Malcolm Canmore, who later becomes King of Scotland as Malcolm III of Scotland. ... Events May - The Norman leader Robert Guiscard conquers Taranto. ... Events May - The Norman leader Robert Guiscard conquers Taranto. ... Events May - The Norman leader Robert Guiscard conquers Taranto. ... Insert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text here--217. ... Insert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text here--217. ... Insert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text here--217. ... Insert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text here--217. ... Events Anselm of Canterbury becomes prior at Le Bec Sancho I becomes ruler of Aragon Bishopric of Olomouc is founded Births Deaths Constantine III Lichoudas Patriarch of Constantinople Adelaide Havoise daughter of Robert II of France Tughril Beg first leader of the Seljuk Turks Song dynasty Emperor Renzong (仁宗) Hungarian ruler... Events Anselm of Canterbury becomes prior at Le Bec Sancho I becomes ruler of Aragon Bishopric of Olomouc is founded Births Deaths Constantine III Lichoudas Patriarch of Constantinople Adelaide Havoise daughter of Robert II of France Tughril Beg first leader of the Seljuk Turks Song dynasty Emperor Renzong (仁宗) Hungarian ruler... Events Anselm of Canterbury becomes prior at Le Bec Sancho I becomes ruler of Aragon Bishopric of Olomouc is founded Births Deaths Constantine III Lichoudas Patriarch of Constantinople Adelaide Havoise daughter of Robert II of France Tughril Beg first leader of the Seljuk Turks Song dynasty Emperor Renzong (仁宗) Hungarian ruler... Events Constantine X emperor of the Byzantine Empire dies. ... Events Emperor Go-Sanjo ascends the throne of Japan William the Conqueror takes Exeter after a brief siege Births Henry I of England (d. ... Events Harrying of the North- King William of England (William the Conqueror) reacts to rebellions made by his people against him. ... Events Harrying of the North- King William of England (William the Conqueror) reacts to rebellions made by his people against him. ... Events Byzantine Empire loses Battle of Manzikert to Turkish army under Alp Arslan. ... Events Revolt of the Earls. ... Events All year - People fucked each other ALOT! February 14 - Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. ...

Seljuk emirs

• Abaaq al-Khwarazmi (1076-1079)
• Tutush I (1079-1095)
• Duqaq (1095-1104)
• Tutush II (1104)
• Muhi ad-Din Baqtash (1104)

The Seljuk Turks (Turkish: Selçuk; Arabic: سلجوق Saljūq, السلاجقة al-Salājiqa; Persian: سلجوقيان Saljūqiyān; also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of Central Asia and the Middle East from the 11th to 14th centuries. ... Aziz ibn Abaaq al-Khwarazmi (died in 1079) was the first Seljuk ruler to gain his independence from the Great Seljuk Empire under Malik Shah I. He founded a state (a sultanate or emirate) in Damascus in 1076. ... Events All year - People fucked each other ALOT! February 14 - Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events Halsten and Ingold I succeed Haakon the Red in Sweden. ... Abu Said Taj ad-Dawla Tutush I (died in 1095) was the Seljuk ruler (probably sultan or emir) of Damascus from 1079 to 1095, succeeding Abaaq al-Khwarazmi. ... Events Halsten and Ingold I succeed Haakon the Red in Sweden. ... Events The county of Portugal is established for the second time. ... Abu Nasr Shams al-Muluk Duqaq (probably died in 1104) was the Seljuk ruler of Damascus from 1095 to 1104. ... Events The county of Portugal is established for the second time. ... Events The worlds first factory, the Venice Arsenal, is founded in Venice. ... Events The worlds first factory, the Venice Arsenal, is founded in Venice. ... Events The worlds first factory, the Venice Arsenal, is founded in Venice. ...

Burid emirs

• Zahir ad-Din Toghtekin (1104-1128)
• Taj al-Mulk Buri (1128-1132)
• Shams al-Mulk Ismail (1132-1135)
• Shihab ad-Din Mahmud (1135-1139)
• Jamal ad-Din Muhammad (1139-1140)
• Mu'in ad-Din Unur (Regent, 1140-1149)
• Mujir ad-Din Abaq (1140-1154)

The Burid Dynasty was a Turkish dynasty which ruled over Damascus in the early 12th century. ... Events The worlds first factory, the Venice Arsenal, is founded in Venice. ... Events Pope Honorius II recognizes and confirms the Order of the Knights Templar. ... Events Pope Honorius II recognizes and confirms the Order of the Knights Templar. ... Events Diarmaid Mac Murrough has the abbey of Kildare in Ireland burned and the abbess raped. ... Events Diarmaid Mac Murrough has the abbey of Kildare in Ireland burned and the abbess raped. ... Events January - Byland Abbey founded Stephen of Blois succeeds King Henry I. Empress Maud, daughter of Henry I and widow of Henry V opposed Stephen and claims the throne as her own Owain Gwynedd of Wales defeats the Normans at Crug Mawr. ... Events January - Byland Abbey founded Stephen of Blois succeeds King Henry I. Empress Maud, daughter of Henry I and widow of Henry V opposed Stephen and claims the throne as her own Owain Gwynedd of Wales defeats the Normans at Crug Mawr. ... Events Alphonso I (Afonso Henriques) becomes first king of Portugal Second Council of the Lateran Births Emperor Konoe of Japan Deaths Henry the Proud, Duke of Bavaria and Saxony Categories: 1139 ... Events Alphonso I (Afonso Henriques) becomes first king of Portugal Second Council of the Lateran Births Emperor Konoe of Japan Deaths Henry the Proud, Duke of Bavaria and Saxony Categories: 1139 ... Events Henry Jasomirgott was made count palatine of the Rhine. ... Muin ad-Din Unur al-Atabeki (died August 28, 1149) was the ruler of Damascus in the mid-12th century. ... Events Henry Jasomirgott was made count palatine of the Rhine. ... Events Castle of Carimate destroyed. ... Events Henry Jasomirgott was made count palatine of the Rhine. ... Events King Stephen of England dies at Dover, and is succeeded by his adopted son Henry Plantagenet who becomes King Henry II of England, aged 21. ...

Zengid atabegs

• Nur ad-Din Mahmud (1154-1174)
• As-Salih Ismail al-Malik (1174)

The Zengid Dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Seljuk Turkish origin, which ruled parts of Northern Iraq and Syria during the 12th and 13th centuries. ... Atabeg is a title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a king or Emperor but senior to a Khan. ... Nur ad-din Abu al-Qasim Mahmud Ibn Imad ad-Din Zangi (also Nur ed-Din, Nur al-Din, Nour el-Din or Nureddin) (1118 - May 15, 1174) was a member of the Zengid dynasty, and ruled Syria from 1146 to 1174. ... Events King Stephen of England dies at Dover, and is succeeded by his adopted son Henry Plantagenet who becomes King Henry II of England, aged 21. ... Events Vietnam is given the official name of Annam by China. ... As-Salih Ismail al-Malik (1163-1181) was the son of Nur ad-Din, and was only eleven years old when his father died in 1174. ... Events Vietnam is given the official name of Annam by China. ...

Ayyubid sultans

• Saladin (1174-1186)
• Al-Afdal (1186-1196)
• Al-Adil I (1196-1201)
• Al-Mu'azzam (1201-1227)
• An-Nasir Dawud (1227-1229)
• Al-Ashraf (1229-1237)
• As-Salih Ismail (1237)
• Al-Kamil (1237-1238)
• Al-Adil II (1238-1239)
• As-Salih Ayyub (1239)
• As-Salih Ismail (1239-1245)
• As-Salih Ayyub (1245-1249)
• Turanshah (1249-1250)
• An-Nasir Yusuf (1250-1260)
• to the Mongols (1260)

The Ayyubid Dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origins which ruled Egypt, Syria, and northern Iraq in the 12th and 13th centuries. ... A sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings muslim monarch ruling under the terms of shariah The title carries moral weight and religious authority, as the rulers role was defined in the Quran. ... This article is about the Muslim general; for the British armoured vehicle named after him, see Alvis Saladin. ... Events Vietnam is given the official name of Annam by China. ... Events John the Chanter becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Events John the Chanter becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Events Spring, London, popular uprising of the poor against the rich led by William Fitz Osbern. ... Abu-Bakr Malik Al-Adil I (also known as Saphadin) (1145-1218) was an Ayyubid-Egyptian general and ruler. ... Events Spring, London, popular uprising of the poor against the rich led by William Fitz Osbern. ... Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Events Henry III of England declares himself of age and assumes power Births September 30 - Pope Nicholas IV Deaths March 18 - Pope Honorius III (b. ... Events Henry III of England declares himself of age and assumes power Births September 30 - Pope Nicholas IV Deaths March 18 - Pope Honorius III (b. ... Events March 18 - Sixth Crusade of Emperor Frederick II ends in truce with Sultan al-Kamil and coronation of Frederick as King of Jerusalem. ... Events March 18 - Sixth Crusade of Emperor Frederick II ends in truce with Sultan al-Kamil and coronation of Frederick as King of Jerusalem. ... Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... Frederick II (left) meets al-Kamil (right) al-Kamil Muhammad al-Malik (died 1238) was an Ayyubid sultan of Egypt, praised for defeating two crusades but also vilified for returning Jerusalem to the Christians. ... Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... Events In the Iberian peninsula, James I of Aragon captures the city of Valencia September 28 from the Moors; the Moors retreat to Granada. ... Events In the Iberian peninsula, James I of Aragon captures the city of Valencia September 28 from the Moors; the Moors retreat to Granada. ... Events Births June 17 Edward I of England known as Edward Longshanks or Hammer of the Scots Deaths Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon... Al-Malik as-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub (died November 1249) was the Ayyubid ruler of Egypt from 1240 to 1249. ... Events Births June 17 Edward I of England known as Edward Longshanks or Hammer of the Scots Deaths Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon... Events Births June 17 Edward I of England known as Edward Longshanks or Hammer of the Scots Deaths Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon... Events Rebellion against king Sancho II of Portugal in favor of his brother Alphonso. ... Events Rebellion against king Sancho II of Portugal in favor of his brother Alphonso. ... Events University, the first College at Oxford founded Births Emperor Kameyama of Japan Pope John XXII Frederick I, Margrave of Baden Deaths July 6 - Alexander II of Scotland (b. ... Events University, the first College at Oxford founded Births Emperor Kameyama of Japan Pope John XXII Frederick I, Margrave of Baden Deaths July 6 - Alexander II of Scotland (b. ... Events December 13 - Death of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IX of France is captured by Muslims and has to ransom himself Mabinogion appears Albertus Magnus isolates the element arsenic Vincent of Beauvais writes proto-encyclopedic The Greater Mirror City of Stockholm founded Alphonso III of Portugal takes Algarve... Events December 13 - Death of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IX of France is captured by Muslims and has to ransom himself Mabinogion appears Albertus Magnus isolates the element arsenic Vincent of Beauvais writes proto-encyclopedic The Greater Mirror City of Stockholm founded Alphonso III of Portugal takes Algarve... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan Emperor Kameyama ascends to the throne of Japan September 3 - Mongols defeated by Mameluks at Battle of Ain Jalut Samogatians and Curonians defeats Teutonic knights in Battle of Durbe Births Maximus Planudes, Byzantine grammarian and theologian Deaths Monarchs/Presidents... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan Emperor Kameyama ascends to the throne of Japan September 3 - Mongols defeated by Mameluks at Battle of Ain Jalut Samogatians and Curonians defeats Teutonic knights in Battle of Durbe Births Maximus Planudes, Byzantine grammarian and theologian Deaths Monarchs/Presidents...

Mameluk Bahrid emirs

• ?
• Sunkur al-Ashkar (1275-1280)
• Lajin al-Askhar (1280-?)
• Akush Beg (c. 1290s)
• Izz ad-Din Ayback (?-1296)
• Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296-1297)
• Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297-1312)
• Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312-1340)
• Yilbugha al-Nasiri (1340-1350)
• Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
• Tash Timur (c. 1380)
• Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?-1393)
• Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393-1399)
• Sudun (1399-1400)
• occupied by Timur (1400-1401)
• Taghribirdi al-Zahiri (1401-?)
• ?
• Kijmas (c. 1470s)
• Ghazali Arab (c. 1500s)
• Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516-1517)
• Janbirdi al-Ghazali (1518-1521)

An Ottoman Mamluk, from 1810 Mamluks (or Mameluks) (the Arabic word usually translates as owned, singular: مملوك plural: مماليك) comprised slave soldiers used by the Muslim Caliphs and the Ottoman Empire, and who on more than one occasion seized power for themselves. ... The Bahri dynasty or Bahriyya Sultante المماليك البحرية was a Mamluk dynasty that ruled Egypt from 1250 to 1382 when they were succeeded by the Burji dynasty, another group of Mamluks. ... Events Eleanor de Montfort is captured by pirates in the employ of Edward I of England to prevent her marriage to Llywelyn the Last, prince of Jews over the age of 7 to wear the yellow badge and makes usury illegal Jean de Meun writes the second portion of the... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s - 1290s - 1300s 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s Years: 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 Events and Trends Categories: 1290s ... Events April 27 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated by Edward I of England. ... Events April 27 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated by Edward I of England. ... Events 8 January - Monaco gains independence. ... Events 8 January - Monaco gains independence. ... Events June 15 : Battle near Rozgoni Battle near Thebes Siege of Rostock begins Births November 13 - King Edward III of England Deaths June 19 - Piers Gaveston, favourite of Edward II of England September 7 - King Ferdinand IV of Castile Categories: 1312 ... Events June 15 : Battle near Rozgoni Battle near Thebes Siege of Rostock begins Births November 13 - King Edward III of England Deaths June 19 - Piers Gaveston, favourite of Edward II of England September 7 - King Ferdinand IV of Castile Categories: 1312 ... Events January 26 - King France June 24 - The Battle of Sluys is fought between the naval fleets of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France. ... Events January 26 - King France June 24 - The Battle of Sluys is fought between the naval fleets of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France. ... Events Hayam Wuruk becomes ruler of the Majapahit Empire The Black Death ravages Europe (1347-1351) Births Manuel II Palaeologus, future Byzantine Emperor John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date). ... Events Hayam Wuruk becomes ruler of the Majapahit Empire The Black Death ravages Europe (1347-1351) Births Manuel II Palaeologus, future Byzantine Emperor John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date). ... Events September 8 - Battle of Kulikovo - Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitrii Ivanovich defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols (the Golden Horde), stopping their advance at Kulikovo. ... Events Ottoman Turks occupy Veliko Turnovo in north-central Bulgaria. ... Events Ottoman Turks occupy Veliko Turnovo in north-central Bulgaria. ... Events September 30 - Accession of Henry IV of England October 13 - Coronation of Henry IV of England November 1 - Accession of John VI, Duke of Brittany Births Deaths November 1 - John V, Duke of Brittany Categories: 1399 ... Events September 30 - Accession of Henry IV of England October 13 - Coronation of Henry IV of England November 1 - Accession of John VI, Duke of Brittany Births Deaths November 1 - John V, Duke of Brittany Categories: 1399 ... Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births Owen Tudor, seventh generation descedant of Rhys ap Gruffydd (approximate... Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births Owen Tudor, seventh generation descedant of Rhys ap Gruffydd (approximate... Events The Lollards, a religious sect taught by John Wycliffe, were persecuted for their beliefs. ... Events The Lollards, a religious sect taught by John Wycliffe, were persecuted for their beliefs. ... Centuries: 14th century - 15th century - 16th century Decades: 1420s 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s - 1470s - 1480s 1490s 1500s 1510s 1520s Years: 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 Events and Trends battle of Avenches 1476 Prominent Persons Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer Categories: 1470s ... Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century Decades: 1450s 1460s 1470s 1480s 1490s - 1500s - 1510s 1520s 1530s 1540s 1550s Years: 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 Events and Trends Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa External links 1500-1524 Events 1500-1509 Events Categories... Events March - With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson Charles of Ghent becomes King of Spain as Carlos I. July - Selim I of the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Mameluks and invades Syria. ... Events January 22 - Battle of Ridanieh. ... Events A plague of tropical fire ants devastates crops on Hispaniola. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther. ...

Ottoman walis

• Yunus Pasha (c. 1516)
• Aiyaz Pasha (1521-1522)
• Ferhad Pasha (1522-1523)
• Hurram Pasha (1523-1525)
• Sulayman Pasha al-Tawashi (1525-1526)
• Lutf Pasha (1526-1528)
• Isa Bey Pasha Chenderli (1528-1531)
• Mustafa Ablaq Pasha (1531-1534)
• Lutf Pasha (1534-1535)
• Isa Bey Pasha Chenderli (1535)
• Mohammad Kuzal Pasha (1536-1537)
• Topal Sulayman Pasha (1537-1538)
• Ahmed Pasha I (1538-1539)
• Qese Husrau Pasha (1539-1541)
• Isa Pasha (1541-1543)
• Piri Pasha (1543-1545)
• Hadim Sinan Pasha (1545-1550)
• Piri Pasha (1550-1551)
• Mohammad Pasha Bartaki (1551-1552)
• Shamsi Ahmed Pasha (1552-1555)
• Hizr Pasha (1555-1561)
• Ali Pasha Lankun (1561-1563)
• Khusrau Pasha I (1563)
• Lala Mustafa Pasha (1563-1567)
• ?
• Murad Pasha Shaitan (1569)
• Ali Pasha Lankun (1569-1570)
• Haji Ahmed Pasha (1570-1571)
• Lala Jafar Pasha (1574-1575)
• ?
• Hasan Pasha I (1577-1581)
• Bahram Pasha (1581-1582)
• Husein Pasha I (1582-1583)
• Hasan Pasha I (1583)
• Qubad Sulayman Pasha (1584)
• Hasan Pasha I (1585-1586)
• Uways Pasha (1586-1587)
• Mohammas Pasha Farhad (1587-1588)
• Uways Pasha (1588-1589)
• Elwanzade Ali Pasha (1589-1590)
• Kocha Sinan Pasha (1590)
• Hasan Pasha I (1590-1591)
• Mustafa Pasha I (1591-1592)
• Khalil Pasha (1592-1593)
• Qachirji Mohammad Pasha (1593-1594)
• Hasan Pasha I (1594)
• Murad Pasha (1594-1595)
• Khusrau Pasha II (1595-1596)
• Razia Hutunzade Mustafa Pasha (1596-1597)
• Yusuf Sinan Pasha (1597-1598)
• Ahmed Pasha II (1598)
• Ahmed Pasha III (1598)
• Khusrau Pasha II (1599)
• Seyyed Mehmed Pasha (1599-1600)
• Othman Pasha (1601-1603)
• Farhad Pasha Bustanji (1603-1604)
• Mustafa Pasha II (1604-1607)
• Mahmud Pasha (1607-1608)
• Sufi Sinan Pasha (1608-1609)
• Ahmad al-Hafiz (1609-1615)
• Silihdar Mehmed Pasha (1615-1617)
• Ahmad al-Hafiz (1618-1619)
• Mustafa Pasha III (1619-1620)
• Sulayman Pasha I (1620-1621)
• Murtaza Pasha Bustanji (1621-1622)
• Mehmed Pasha Rushand (1622-1623)
• Mustafa Pasha al-Hannaq (1623-1624)
• Nigdeli Mustafa Pasha (1624-1625)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha I (1625-1626)
• Tayar Oglu Mehmed Pasha (1626-1628)
• Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1628-1629)
• Mustafa Pasha IV (1629-1630)
• Nawaya Mehmed Pasha (1630-1631)
• Ilyas Pasha (1632-1633)
• Deli Yusuf Pasha (1633-1635)
• Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1635-1636)
• Dervish Mehmed Pasha I (1636-1638)
• Mustafa Pasha IV (1638-1639)
• Chifteli Othman Pasha (1639-1640)
• Mehmed Pasha I (1640-1641)
• Serji Ahmed Pasha (1641-1642)
• Melik Ahmed Pasha (1642-1643)
• Sultanzade Mehmed Pasha (1643)
• Silihdar Yusuf Pasha (1643-1644)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha II (1644-1645)
• Ibrahim Pasha I (1645)
• Mehmed Pasha Salami (1645-1646)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha II (1646)
• Silihdar Yusuf Pasha (1646-1647)
• ?
• Mehmed Pasha II (1649-1650)
• Silihdar Murtaza Pasha (1650)
• Siwasli Mustafa Pasha (1650-1651)
• Ag Ahmed Pasha (1651-1562)
• Deftarzade Mehmed Pasha (1653-1655)
• Qara Murad Pasha (1655)
• Qeprulu Fazil Ahmed Pasha (1659-1661)
• Sulayman Pasha II (1661-1663)
• Ribleli Mustafa Pasha (1663-1665)
• Salih Pasha I (1665-1666)
• Qara Mustafa Pasha (1666-1667)
• Mehmed Pasha Chewish Oglu (1667-1669)
• Ibrahim Pasha Shaytan (1669-1671)
• Abazekh Husein Pasha (1671-1672)
• Qara Mehmed Pasha (1672-1673)
• Ibrahim Pasha Shushman (1673-1674)
• Qer Husein Pasha (1674-1675)
• Ibrahim Pasha II (1675-1676)
• Osman Pasha Bustarji (1676-1679)
• Abazekh Husein Pasha (1679-1683)
• Ibrahim Pasha III (1684)
• Osman Pasha Bustarji (1684-1685)
• Kaplan Pasha (1686-1687)
• Arab Salih Pasha (1687-1688)
• Hamza Pasha (1688-1689)
• Silihdar Mustafa Pasha (1689-1690)
• Murtaza Pasha (1690-1691)
• Gurju Mehmed Pasha III (1691-1692)
• Ibshir Mustafa Pasha (1693-1694)
• Silihdar Osman Pasha (1695-1696)
• Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Pasha (1696-1697)
• Ahmad Pasha Hacigirai (1697-1698)
• Silihdar Husein Pasha (1699)
• Silihdar Hasan Pasha (1700)
• Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracyoghlu (1701)
• Salih Agha (1702)
• Mehmed Pasha Kurd Bajram (1702-1703)
• Pasha-ojlu (1703)
• Osman Pasha Arnavud (1703)
• Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracyoghlu (1703-1704)
• Mustafa Pasha V (1704)
• Firari Hüseyin Pasha (1704-1705)
• Mehmed Pasha Kurd Bajram (1705-1706)
• Pasha-ojlu (1706)
• Baltaci Süleyman Pasha (1706-1707)
• Yusuf Pasha Qubtan Helvaci (1707)
• Halebli Hüseyin Pasha (1707)
• Osmanzade Nasuh Pasha al]]-[[Aydini (1708-1714)
• Cerkes Mehmed Pasha the Circassian (1714)
• Mehmed Pasha III (1714)
• Topal Yusuf Pasha (1715)
• Nevsehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha (1716-1717)
• Köprülüzade Abd Allah Pasha (1717-1718)
• Reçeb Pasha (1718)
• Abu Tawq Matuqzade Osman Pasha (1718)
• Küçük Osman Pasha (1719-1720)
• Ali Pasha Maqtulojlu (1720-1723)
• Abu Tawq Matuqzade Osman Pasha (1723-1725)
• Azamzade Ismail Pasha (1725-1730)
• Osman Aça (1730)
• Qara Süleyman Aça (acting) (1730)
• Aidinli Abdallah Pasha (1730-1731)
• vacant (1731-1734)
• Azamzade Süleyman Pasha (1734-1738)
• Hüsein Pasha II (1738)
• Abu Tawq Matuqzade Osman Pasha (1739)
• Abdi Pashazade Ali Pasha (1740)
• Azamzade Süleyman Pasha (1741-1743)
• Azamzade Esad Pasha (1743-1757)
• Mekkizade Hüseyin Pasha (1757)
• Ishalyq Mehmed Pasha (1759-1760)
• Uthman Pasha al-Kurzi (1760-1771)
• Azamzade Mehmed Pasha (1771-1772)
• Hafiz Mustafa Pasha Bustanci (1772-1773)
• Azamzade Mehmed Pasha (1773-1783)
• Osmanzade Mehmed Pasha (1783)
• Osmanzade Dervish Pasha (1783-1784)
• Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1784-1786)
• Hüseyin Pasha Battal (1786-1787)
• Abdi Pasha (1787-1788)
• Ibrahim Pasha al-Halabi (1788-1789)
• vacant (1789-1790)
• Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1790-1795)
• Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1795-1798)
• Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1798-1799)
• Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1799-1803)
• Ahmed Pasha al-Jazzar (1803-1804)
• Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1804-807)
• Kunj Yusuf Pasha (1807-1810)
• Süleyman Pasha Silahdar (1810-1818)
• Salih Pasha II (1818)
• Abdallah Pasha II (1819-1821)
• Dervish Mehmd Pasha II (1821-1822)
• Mustafa Pasha IV (1822-1826)
• vacant (1826-1828)
• Benderli Selim Sirri Mehmed Pasha (1828-1831)
• Ali Pasha I (1831-1832)
• to Egypt, autonomous from the Ottoman Empire
  • Ahmed Bey (1831-1832)
  • Ibrahim Pasha IV (1832)
  • Muhammad Sharif Pasha (1832-1838)
  • vacant (1838-1840)
• Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1840-1841)
• Mehmed Reshid Pasha (1841-1844)
• Mehmed Namiq Pasha (1845-1846)
• Riza Pasha (1845-1846)
• Musa Sefveti Pasha (1846)
• Namiq Pasha (1848)
• Mehmed Namiq Pasha (1848-1850)
• Osman Pasha Said Pasha (1850-1852)
• Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1852)
• Açaf Pasha (1852-1854)
• Arif Mehmed Pasha (1854-1855)
• Mehmed Namiq Pasha (1855)
• Mahmud Nedim Pasha (1856-1857)
• Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1857)
• Ali Pasha II (1858)
• Mu'amer Pasha (1860)
• Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1860-1861)
• Ahmed Pasha IV (1861)
• Emin Muhlis Pasha (1861-1862)
• Mehmed Reshid Pasha (1862-1864)
• Müterçim Mehmed Rüstü Pasha (1864-1865)
• Reshid Pasha (1865-1871)
• Subhi Pasha (1871-1873)
• Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Pasha (1873-1874)
• Esad Pasha (1874-1875)
• Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1875-1876)
• Ahmed Pasha V (1876-1877)
• Küçük Ömer Fevzi Pasha (1877-1878)
• Ali Haydar Midhat Pasha (1878-1879)
• Hamdi Pasha (1880-1885)
• ?
• Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Pasha (1893-1894)
• Haçi Osman Nuri Pasha (1894-1895)
• Hasan Pasha II (1896-1897)
• Nazim Pasha (1897-1906)
• Shukri Pasha (1906-1909)
• Ismail Fazil Bey (1909-1911)
• Ismail Ghalib Bey (1911-1912)
• Kiazim Pasha (1912-1913)
• Arif Bey (1913)
• ?
• Jamal Pasha (1915)
• Azmi Pasha (1915-1916)
• Tahsin Bey (1916-1918)
• Mehmed Gabriel Pasha (1918)
• Shukri Pasha (October 1-2, 1918)

The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (Ottoman Turkish for the Eternal State) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Constantinople (Ä°stanbul) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Events March - With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson Charles of Ghent becomes King of Spain as Carlos I. July - Selim I of the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Mameluks and invades Syria. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther. ... Events January 9 - Adrian Dedens becomes Pope Adrian VI. February 26 - Execution by hanging of Cuauhtémoc, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan under orders of conquistador Hernán Cortés. ... Events January 9 - Adrian Dedens becomes Pope Adrian VI. February 26 - Execution by hanging of Cuauhtémoc, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan under orders of conquistador Hernán Cortés. ... Events April - Battle of Villalar - Forces loyal to Emperor Charles V defeat the Comuneros, a league of urban bourgeois rebelling against Charles in Spain. ... Events April - Battle of Villalar - Forces loyal to Emperor Charles V defeat the Comuneros, a league of urban bourgeois rebelling against Charles in Spain. ... Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. ... Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... Events June 19 - Battle of Landriano - A French army in Italy under Marshal St. ... Events June 19 - Battle of Landriano - A French army in Italy under Marshal St. ... Events January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake-- thousands die October 1 - Battle of Kappel - The forces of Zürich are defeated by the Catholic cantons. ... Events January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake-- thousands die October 1 - Battle of Kappel - The forces of Zürich are defeated by the Catholic cantons. ... Events May 10 - Jacques Cartier explores Newfoundland while searching for the Northwest Passage. ... Events May 10 - Jacques Cartier explores Newfoundland while searching for the Northwest Passage. ... Events January 18 - Lima, Peru founded by Francisco Pizarro April - Jacques Cartier discovers the Iroquois city of Stadacona, Canada (now Quebec) and in May, the even greater Huron city of Hochelaga (now Montreal) June 24 - The Anabaptist state of Münster (see Münster Rebellion) is conquered and disbanded. ... Events January 18 - Lima, Peru founded by Francisco Pizarro April - Jacques Cartier discovers the Iroquois city of Stadacona, Canada (now Quebec) and in May, the even greater Huron city of Hochelaga (now Montreal) June 24 - The Anabaptist state of Münster (see Münster Rebellion) is conquered and disbanded. ... // Events February 2 - Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Events January 6 - Alessandro de Medici assassinated August 25 - The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, was formed. ... Events January 6 - Alessandro de Medici assassinated August 25 - The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, was formed. ... Events Treaty of Nagyvarad. ... Events Treaty of Nagyvarad. ... Events May 30 - In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal to find gold. ... Events May 30 - In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal to find gold. ... Events The first official translation of the entire Bible in Swedish February 12 - Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile. ... Events The first official translation of the entire Bible in Swedish February 12 - Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile. ... Events February 21 - Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeat the armies of Adal led by Ahmed Gragn. ... Events February 21 - Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeat the armies of Adal led by Ahmed Gragn. ... Events February 27 - Battle of Ancrum Moor - Scots victory over superior English forces December 13 - Official opening of the Council of Trent (closed 1563) Battle of Kawagoe - between two branches of Uesugi families and the late Hojo clan in Japan. ... Events February 27 - Battle of Ancrum Moor - Scots victory over superior English forces December 13 - Official opening of the Council of Trent (closed 1563) Battle of Kawagoe - between two branches of Uesugi families and the late Hojo clan in Japan. ... Events February 7 - Julius III becomes Pope. ... Events February 7 - Julius III becomes Pope. ... Events Russia, Reforming Synod of the metropolite Macaire, Orthodoxy: introduction of a calendar of the saints and an ecclesiastical law code ( Stoglav ) Major outbreak of the sweating sickness in England. ... Events Russia, Reforming Synod of the metropolite Macaire, Orthodoxy: introduction of a calendar of the saints and an ecclesiastical law code ( Stoglav ) Major outbreak of the sweating sickness in England. ... Events April - War between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades Lorraine and captures Toul, Metz, and Verdun. ... Events April - War between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades Lorraine and captures Toul, Metz, and Verdun. ... Events Russia breaks 60 year old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland May 23 - Paul IV becomes Pope. ... Events Russia breaks 60 year old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland May 23 - Paul IV becomes Pope. ... // Events The Edict of Orleans suspends the persecution of the Huguenots. ... // Events The Edict of Orleans suspends the persecution of the Huguenots. ... Events February 1 - Sarsa Dengel succeeds his father Menas as Emperor of Ethiopia February 18 - The Duke of Guise is assassinated while besieging Orléans March - Peace of Amboise. ... Events February 1 - Sarsa Dengel succeeds his father Menas as Emperor of Ethiopia February 18 - The Duke of Guise is assassinated while besieging Orléans March - Peace of Amboise. ... Events February 1 - Sarsa Dengel succeeds his father Menas as Emperor of Ethiopia February 18 - The Duke of Guise is assassinated while besieging Orléans March - Peace of Amboise. ... Events The Duke of Alva arrives in the Netherlands with Spanish forces to suppress unrest there. ... Events January 11 - First recorded lottery in England. ... Events January 11 - First recorded lottery in England. ... Events January 23 - The assassination of regent James Stewart, Earl of Moray throws Scotland into civil war February 25 - Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England. ... Events January 23 - The assassination of regent James Stewart, Earl of Moray throws Scotland into civil war February 25 - Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England. ... Events January 11 - Austrian nobility is granted Freedom of religion. ... Events April 14 - Battle of Mookerheyde. ... Events February 13 - Henry III of France is crowned at Reims February 14 - Henry III of France marries Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont August 5 - Henry Sidney is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. ... Events March 17 - formation of the Cathay Company to send Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold May 29 - Publication of the Bergen Book which is better known as the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord, one of the Lutheran confessional writings, later condensed into an... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ... Events January 15 - Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland February 24 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 15 - Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland February 24 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1583 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1583 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1584 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Events January 12 - The Netherlands adopts the Gregorian calendar Beginning of the Eighth War of Religion in France (also known as the War of the Three Henrys) August 8 - John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in quest for the North West Passage. ... 1586 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... 1586 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... 1587 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. ... 1587 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. ... 1588 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... 1588 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Events Rebellion of the Catholic League against King Henry III of France, in revenge for his murder of Duke Henry of Guise. ... Events Rebellion of the Catholic League against King Henry III of France, in revenge for his murder of Duke Henry of Guise. ... Events March 14 - Battle of Ivry - Henry IV of France again defeats the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne. ... Events March 14 - Battle of Ivry - Henry IV of France again defeats the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne. ... Events March 14 - Battle of Ivry - Henry IV of France again defeats the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne. ... Events June - Capture of Zutphen by the Dutch under Maurice of Nassau. ... Events June - Capture of Zutphen by the Dutch under Maurice of Nassau. ... Events January 30 - The death of Pope Innocent IX during the previous year had left the Papal throne vacant. ... Events January 30 - The death of Pope Innocent IX during the previous year had left the Papal throne vacant. ... Events May 18 - Playwright Thomas Kyds accusations of heresy lead to an arrest warrant for Christopher Marlowe. ... Events May 18 - Playwright Thomas Kyds accusations of heresy lead to an arrest warrant for Christopher Marlowe. ... Events February 27 - Henry IV is crowned King of France at Rheims. ... Events February 27 - Henry IV is crowned King of France at Rheims. ... Events February 27 - Henry IV is crowned King of France at Rheims. ... Events January 30 - William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is performed for the first time. ... Events January 30 - William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is performed for the first time. ... Events February 5 - 26 catholics crucified in Nagasaki, Japan. ... Events February 5 - 26 catholics crucified in Nagasaki, Japan. ... Events 17 January - A court case in Guildford recorded evidence that a certain plot of land was used for playing “kreckett” (i. ... Events 17 January - A court case in Guildford recorded evidence that a certain plot of land was used for playing “kreckett” (i. ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ... Events Swedish King Sigismund III Vasa is replaced by his brother Charles IX of Sweden. ... Events Swedish King Sigismund III Vasa is replaced by his brother Charles IX of Sweden. ... // Events January January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1st as being New Years Day February February 17 - Giordano Bruno burned in a stake for heresy July July 2 - Battle of Nieuwpoort: Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeat Spanish forces under Archduke Albert in a battle on the coastal dunes. ... Bold textItalic textLink titlelink title // Headline text Media:Example. ... King James I of England/VII of Scotland, the first monarch to rule the Kingdoms of England and Scotland at the same time Events March 24 - Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England April... King James I of England/VII of Scotland, the first monarch to rule the Kingdoms of England and Scotland at the same time Events March 24 - Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England April... Events January 14 – Hampton Court conference with James I of England, the Anglican bishops and representatives of Puritans September 20 – Capture of Ostend by Spanish forces under Ambrosio Spinola after a three year siege. ... Events January 14 – Hampton Court conference with James I of England, the Anglican bishops and representatives of Puritans September 20 – Capture of Ostend by Spanish forces under Ambrosio Spinola after a three year siege. ... Events January 20 - Tidal wave swept along the Bristol Channel, killing 2000 people. ... Events January 20 - Tidal wave swept along the Bristol Channel, killing 2000 people. ... Events March 18 - Sissinios formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia May 14 - Protestant Union founded in Auhausen. ... Events March 18 - Sissinios formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia May 14 - Protestant Union founded in Auhausen. ... // Events April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... // Events April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... Events June 2 - First Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France. ... Events June 2 - First Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France. ... Events Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed I (1603-1617) to Mustafa I (1617-1623). ... Events March 8 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (he soon rejects the idea after some initial calculations were made but on May 15 confirms the discovery). ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... Events September 6 - English emigrants on the Mayflower depart from Plymouth, England for the future New England and arrive at the end of the year. ... Events September 6 - English emigrants on the Mayflower depart from Plymouth, England for the future New England and arrive at the end of the year. ... Events February 9 - Gregory XV is elected pope. ... Events February 9 - Gregory XV is elected pope. ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ... Events August 6 - Pope Urban VIII is elected to the Papacy. ... Events August 6 - Pope Urban VIII is elected to the Papacy. ... Events January 24 - Alfonso Mendez, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. ... Events January 24 - Alfonso Mendez, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Events September 30 - Nurhaci, chieftain of the Jurchens and founder of the Qing Dynasty dies and is succeeded by his son Hong Taiji. ... Events September 30 - Nurhaci, chieftain of the Jurchens and founder of the Qing Dynasty dies and is succeeded by his son Hong Taiji. ... Events March 1 - writs were issued in February 1628 by Charles I of England that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date. ... Events March 1 - writs were issued in February 1628 by Charles I of England that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date. ... Events March 4 - Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. ... Events March 4 - Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. ... Events February 22 - Native American Quadequine introduces Popcorn to English colonists. ... Events February 22 - Native American Quadequine introduces Popcorn to English colonists. ... // Events February 5 - Roger Williams emigrates to Boston. ... See also: 1632 (novel) Events February 22 - Galileos Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published July 23 - 300 colonists for New France depart Dieppe November 8 - Wladyslaw IV Waza elected king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth after Zygmunt III Waza death November 16 - Battle of Lützen... Events February 13 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. ... Events February 13 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. ... Events February 10 - The Académie française in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite. ... Events February 10 - The Académie française in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite. ... Events February 24 - King Christian of Denmark gives an order that all beggars that are able to work must be sent to Brinholmen Island to build ships or as galley rowers March 26 - Utrecht University founded in The Netherlands. ... Events February 24 - King Christian of Denmark gives an order that all beggars that are able to work must be sent to Brinholmen Island to build ships or as galley rowers March 26 - Utrecht University founded in The Netherlands. ... Events March 29 - Swedish colonists establish first settlement in Delaware, called New Sweden. ... Events March 29 - Swedish colonists establish first settlement in Delaware, called New Sweden. ... Events January 14 - Connecticuts first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. ... Events January 14 - Connecticuts first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. ... Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and João IV of Portugal becomes king. ... Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and João IV of Portugal becomes king. ... Events The Long Parliament passes a series of legislation designed to contain Charles Is absolutist tendencies. ... Events The Long Parliament passes a series of legislation designed to contain Charles Is absolutist tendencies. ... Events January 4 - Charles I attempts to arrest five leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. ... Events January 4 - Charles I attempts to arrest five leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. ... // Events January 21 - Abel Tasman discovers Tonga February 6 - Abel Tasman discovers the Fiji islands. ... // Events January 21 - Abel Tasman discovers Tonga February 6 - Abel Tasman discovers the Fiji islands. ... // Events January 21 - Abel Tasman discovers Tonga February 6 - Abel Tasman discovers the Fiji islands. ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... // Events The Westminster Confession of Faith Ongoing events English Civil War (1642-1649) Births February 4 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (d. ... // Events The Westminster Confession of Faith Ongoing events English Civil War (1642-1649) Births February 4 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (d. ... // Events The Westminster Confession of Faith Ongoing events English Civil War (1642-1649) Births February 4 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (d. ... // Events March 14 - Thirty Years War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... // Events June 23 - Claimant King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland arrives in Scotland, the only of the three Kingdoms that has accepted him as ruler. ... // Events June 23 - Claimant King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland arrives in Scotland, the only of the three Kingdoms that has accepted him as ruler. ... // Events June 23 - Claimant King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland arrives in Scotland, the only of the three Kingdoms that has accepted him as ruler. ... // Events January 1 - Charles II crowned King of Scotland in Scone. ... // Events January 1 - Charles II crowned King of Scotland in Scone. ... Events Earliest English slave-trading expedition under John Hawkins. ... Events February 2 - New Amsterdam (later renamed New York City) is incorporated. ... Events New Sweden (Delaware) attacked and captured by Dutch forces. ... Events New Sweden (Delaware) attacked and captured by Dutch forces. ... // Events May 25 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... // Events Prix de Rome scholarship established for students of the arts. ... // Events Prix de Rome scholarship established for students of the arts. ... Events March 4 - Start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War March 6 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society begins publication March 16 - Bucharest allows Jews to settle in the city in exchange of annual tax of 16 guilders June 3 - The Duke of York defeats the Dutch Fleet off the... Events March 4 - Start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War March 6 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society begins publication March 16 - Bucharest allows Jews to settle in the city in exchange of annual tax of 16 guilders June 3 - The Duke of York defeats the Dutch Fleet off the... Events September 2 - Great Fire of London: A large fire breaks out in London in the house of Charles IIs baker on Pudding Lane near London Bridge. ... Events September 2 - Great Fire of London: A large fire breaks out in London in the house of Charles IIs baker on Pudding Lane near London Bridge. ... // Events January 20 - Poland cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Deluge, and Poland lost its status as a Central European power. ... // Events January 20 - Poland cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Deluge, and Poland lost its status as a Central European power. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ... Events May 9 - Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, attempts to steal the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London. ... Events May 9 - Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, attempts to steal the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as ´het rampjaar´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as ´het rampjaar´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ... Events The English Test Act was passed. ... Events The English Test Act was passed. ... Events February 19 - England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster. ... Events February 19 - England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster. ... Events January 5 - The Battle of Turckeim August 10 - Building of the Royal Greenwich Observatory began November 11 - Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs. ... Events January 5 - The Battle of Turckeim August 10 - Building of the Royal Greenwich Observatory began November 11 - Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs. ... Events January 29 - Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia First measurement of the speed of light, by Ole Rømer Bacons Rebellion Russo-Turkish Wars commence. ... Events January 29 - Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia First measurement of the speed of light, by Ole Rømer Bacons Rebellion Russo-Turkish Wars commence. ... Events January 24 - King Charles II of England disbands Parliament August 7 - The brigantine Le Griffon, which was commissioned by René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the southern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Great Lakes. ... Events January 24 - King Charles II of England disbands Parliament August 7 - The brigantine Le Griffon, which was commissioned by René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the southern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Great Lakes. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Events France under Louis XIV makes Truce of Ratisbon separately with the Empire and Spain. ... Events France under Louis XIV makes Truce of Ratisbon separately with the Empire and Spain. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Events The League of Augsburg is founded. ... Events March 19 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. ... Events March 19 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. ... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ... Events Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiters atmosphere. ... Events Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiters atmosphere. ... Events March 5 - French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons March 29 - Siege of Mons ends to the city’s surrender October 3 - Treaty of Limerick which guaranteed civil rights to catholics was signed. ... Events March 5 - French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons March 29 - Siege of Mons ends to the city’s surrender October 3 - Treaty of Limerick which guaranteed civil rights to catholics was signed. ... Events February 13 - Massacre of Glencoe March 1 - The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with the charging of three women with witchcraft. ... Events January 11 - Eruption of Mt. ... Events February 6 - The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ... Events January 27 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed II to Mustafa II (1695-1703) July 17 - The Bank of Scotland is founded by an Act of Parliament of the old Scottish Parliament. ... The year 1696 had the earliest equinoxes and solstices for 400 years in the Gregorian calendar, because this year is a leap year and the Gregorian calendar would have behaved like the Julian calendar since March 1500 had it have been in use that long. ... The year 1696 had the earliest equinoxes and solstices for 400 years in the Gregorian calendar, because this year is a leap year and the Gregorian calendar would have behaved like the Julian calendar since March 1500 had it have been in use that long. ... Events September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 – St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher Polhem starts Swedens first technical school. ... Events September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 – St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher Polhem starts Swedens first technical school. ... Events January 4 - Palace of Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire. ... Events January 26 - Treaty of Karlowitz signed March 30 - the tenth Sikh Master, Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa. ... Events January 1 - Russia accepts Julian calendar. ... Events January 18 - Frederick I becomes King of Prussia. ... Events March 8 - William III died; Princess Anne Stuart becomes Queen Anne of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Events March 8 - William III died; Princess Anne Stuart becomes Queen Anne of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy May 27 - Founding of St Petersburg in Russia May 26 - Portugal joins Grand Alliance July 29-31 - Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the... Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy May 27 - Founding of St Petersburg in Russia May 26 - Portugal joins Grand Alliance July 29-31 - Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the... Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy May 27 - Founding of St Petersburg in Russia May 26 - Portugal joins Grand Alliance July 29-31 - Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the... Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy May 27 - Founding of St Petersburg in Russia May 26 - Portugal joins Grand Alliance July 29-31 - Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the... Events Building of the Students Monument in Aiud, Romania. ... Events Building of the Students Monument in Aiud, Romania. ... Events Building of the Students Monument in Aiud, Romania. ... Events Construction begins on Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England. ... Events Construction begins on Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England. ... Events March 27 - Concluding that Emperor Iyasus I of Ethiopia had abdicated by retiring to a monastery, a council of high officials appoint Tekle Haymanot I Emperor of Ethiopia May 23 - Battle of Ramillies November 5 - The Dublin Gazette publishes its first edition. ... Events March 27 - Concluding that Emperor Iyasus I of Ethiopia had abdicated by retiring to a monastery, a council of high officials appoint Tekle Haymanot I Emperor of Ethiopia May 23 - Battle of Ramillies November 5 - The Dublin Gazette publishes its first edition. ... Events March 27 - Concluding that Emperor Iyasus I of Ethiopia had abdicated by retiring to a monastery, a council of high officials appoint Tekle Haymanot I Emperor of Ethiopia May 23 - Battle of Ramillies November 5 - The Dublin Gazette publishes its first edition. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... // Events March 23 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth July 1 - Tewoflos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia September 28 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya Kandahar conquered by Mir Wais In Masuria one third of the population die during the plague J... // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ... // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ... // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ... // Events September 1 - King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years, leaving the throne of his exhausted and indebted country to his great-grandson Louis XV. Regent for the new, five years old monarch is Philippe dOrléans, nephew of Louis XIV. September - First of... // Events Natchez, one of the oldest towns on the Mississippi, founded. ... // Events January 4 — The Netherlands, Britain & France sign Triple Alliance February 26-March 6 What is now the northeastern United States was paralyzed by a series of blizzards that buried the region. ... // Events January 4 — The Netherlands, Britain & France sign Triple Alliance February 26-March 6 What is now the northeastern United States was paralyzed by a series of blizzards that buried the region. ... // Events July 21 - Treaty of Passarowitz signed November 22 - Off the coast of Virginia, English pirate Edward Teach (best known as Blackbeard) is killed in battle when a British boarding party cornered and then shot and stabbed him more than 25 times. ... // Events July 21 - Treaty of Passarowitz signed November 22 - Off the coast of Virginia, English pirate Edward Teach (best known as Blackbeard) is killed in battle when a British boarding party cornered and then shot and stabbed him more than 25 times. ... // Events July 21 - Treaty of Passarowitz signed November 22 - Off the coast of Virginia, English pirate Edward Teach (best known as Blackbeard) is killed in battle when a British boarding party cornered and then shot and stabbed him more than 25 times. ... // Events January 23 - The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire April 25 - Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe June 10 - Battle of Glen Shiel Prussia conducts Europes first systematic census Ongoing events Great Northern War (1700-1721) Births November 30 - Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of... // Events January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ... // Events January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ... Events February 16 - Louis XV of France attains his majority Births February 24 - John Burgoyne, British general (d. ... Events February 16 - Louis XV of France attains his majority Births February 24 - John Burgoyne, British general (d. ... Events February 8 - Catherine I became empress of Russia February 20 - The first reported case of white men scalping Native Americans takes place in New Hampshire colony. ... Events February 8 - Catherine I became empress of Russia February 20 - The first reported case of white men scalping Native Americans takes place in New Hampshire colony. ... Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births May 13 - Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. ... Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births May 13 - Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. ... Acting is the work of an actor, a person in theatre, film, or any other storytelling medium who tells the story by portraying a character and, usually, speaking or singing the written text or play. ... Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births May 13 - Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. ... Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births May 13 - Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. ... Events 10 Downing Street becomes the official residence of the United Kingdoms Prime Minister when Robert Walpole moves in. ... Events 10 Downing Street becomes the official residence of the United Kingdoms Prime Minister when Robert Walpole moves in. ... Events January 8 - Premiere of George Frideric Handels opera Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. ... Events January 8 - Premiere of George Frideric Handels opera Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. ... Events January 1 - Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier. ... Events January 1 - Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier. ... Events March 20 - Nadir Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne, including the Koh-i-Noor September 9 - Stono Rebellion erupts near Charleston September 18 - Treaty of Belgrade signed October 3 - Treaty of Nissa signed October 23 - Great Britain declares war... Events May 31 - Friedrich II comes to power in Prussia upon the death of his father, Friedrich Wilhelm I. October 20 - Maria Theresia of Austria inherits the Habsburg hereditary dominions (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and present-day Belgium). ... // Events April 10 – Austrian army attack troops of Frederick the Great at Mollwitz December 19 – Vitus Bering dies in his expedition east of Siberia December 25 – Anders Celsius develops his own thermometer scale Celsius William Browning invents mineral water Elizabeth of Russia became czarina. ... // Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ... // Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ... 1757 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1757 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1759 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1771 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1771 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1784 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1784 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1798 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1798 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Events After the death of Cuthred, king Coenwulf of Mercia takes control over Kent himself. ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1818 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1818 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1819 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1822 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1822 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1826 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1826 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1844 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1871 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1871 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1874 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1874 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1879 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1880 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1885 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1896 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1906 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1906 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1909 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1909 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1911 was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... 1911 was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ... Link title1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Link title1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1915 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1915 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in Leap years). ... October 2nd is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ...

Hashemite kingdom

• Faisal (1918-1920)

Hashemite (Arabic هاشمي) traditionally refers to those belonging to the Banu Hashim, or clan of Hashem, a clan within the larger Quraish tribe. ... Faisal ibn Husayn (Arabic:فيصل بن حسين May 20, 1883 – September 8, 1933) was for a short while king of Greater Syria in 1920 and king of Iraq from 1921 to 1933. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ...

Capital of Syria

• to France (1920-1946)
• Republic of Syria (1946-1958)
• United Arab Republic (1958-1961)
• Republic of Syria (1961-present)

1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Capital Cairo Created 1958 Dissolved 1961 Demonym Arab The United Arab Republic (Arabic: Al Džumhuriya Al Arabia Al Mutahiba) (UAR) was a country that existed as a union between the republics of Egypt and Syria between 1958 and 1961; though Egypt continued to be known as the UAR until... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

External links

• Syria and Damascus from Hostkingdom.net