On April 6, 1861, following a struggle over the accession to the position of Sultan of Oman, Zanzibar and Oman were divided into two separate principalities. Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid (1934/5-1870), son of Sayyid Said bin Sultan Al-Busaid, became Sultan of Zanzibar, while his brother Sayyid Turki bin Said Al-Busaid (1832-1888) became Sultan of Oman.
The Sultans of Zanzibar were as follows:
HM Sultan Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid, 1st Sultan of Zanzibar (1856-1870)
HM Sultan Sayyid Barghash bin Said Al-Busaid, 2nd Sultan of Zanzibar (1870-1888)
HM Sultan Sayyid Khalifah bin Said Al-Busaid, 3rd Sultan of Zanzibar (1888-1890)
HM Sultan Sayyid Ali bin Said Al-Busaid, 4th Sultan of Zanzibar (1890-1893)
HM Sultan Sayyid Hamad bin Thuwaini Al-Busaid, 5th Sultan of Zanzibar (1893-1896)
HM Sultan Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash Al-Busaid, 6th Sultan of Zanzibar (1896)
HM Sultan Sayyid Hamud bin Muhammed Al-Busaid, 7th Sultan of Zanzibar (1896-1902)
HM Sultan Sayyid Ali bin Hamud Al-Busaid, 8th Sultan of Zanzibar (1902-1911) (abdicated)
HM Sultan Sayyid Khalifa bin Harub Al-Busaid, 9th Sultan of Zanzibar (1911-1960)
HM Sultan Abdullah bin Khalifa Al-Busaid, 10th Sultan of Zanzibar (1960-1963)
HM Sultan Jamshid bin Abdullah Al-Said, 11th Sultan of Zanzibar (1963-1964)
(NOTE: Dates given are the dates the Sultans ruled, rather than their birth and death dates.)
Acquiesing to British demands, Hamoud brought an end to Zanzibar's role as a centre for the eastern slave trade that had begun under Omani rule in 17th Century by banning slavery and freeing the slaves of Zanzibar by compensation in 1897.
This state of affairs was short-lived, as the Sultan was overthrown on January 12, 1964, and on April 26 of that year Zanzibar merged with the mainland state of Tanganyika to form Tanzania, of which it remains a part to this day.
Zanzibar was the first region in Africa to introduce colour television, in 1973.
In early August 1866, news came to Sultan Majid's palace that Princess Salme was pregnant by the European man. Her carnal association with an infidel and her pregnancy by him were strictly forbidden and considered an unforgivable crime.
Sultan Said Barghash constructed the palace between 1880 and 1882 as a harem to accommodate his concubines; in 1889, however, a large fire gutted the palace and it was left derelict.
The house at Bungi was the residence of Bi Khole Binti Said bin Sultan, a girl born to an Assyrian slave of the Sultan.
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