The Sahul Shelf and the Sunda Shelf during the last glacial maximum about 18,000 years ago. Then both were largely above sea level, which then lay probably at least about 150m lower than today.

Geologically, the Sunda Shelf is an extension of the continental shelf of Southeast Asia, covered during interglacials by the South China Sea, which isolates as islands Borneo, Sumatra Java and smaller islands. During Glacial periods, the sea level falls, and great expanses of the Sunda Shelf are exposed as a marshy plain. The seas and bays that cover the Sunda Shelf are less than 100 m deep. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixels Full resolution (1000 × 667 pixel, file size: 98 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sunda Shelf Sahul Shelf ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixels Full resolution (1000 × 667 pixel, file size: 98 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sunda Shelf Sahul Shelf ... Temperature proxies for the last 40,000 years The Last Glacial Maximum refers to the time of maximum extent of the ice sheets during the last glaciation, approximately 21 thousand years ago. ... For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ...  Sediment  Rock  Mantle  The global continental shelf, highlighted in cyan The continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow seas (known as shelf seas) and gulfs. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Glaciation, often called an ice age, is a geological phenomenon in which massive ice sheets form in the Arctic and Antarctic and advance toward the equator. ... The South China Sea, showing surrounding countries and neighbouring seas and oceans The South China Sea is a marginal sea south of China. ... Borneo is the third largest island in the world. ... Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470,000 km²) and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo and New Guinea, are partially in Indonesia). ... Java (Indonesian, Javanese, and Sundanese: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia, and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. ... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ...

Steep undersea gradients separate the Sunda Shelf from the Philippines, Sulawesi and the Lesser Sunda Islands, where the dividing line, passing between Bali and Lombok, is marked by a major discontinuity in fauna that is known as the Wallace Line from Alfred Russel Wallace, the biologist who first recognized it in the 19th century. Location of Sulawesi Island (light green) among the various islands of Indonesia. ... Map of Lesser Sunda Islands The Nusa Tenggara, or Lesser Sunda Islands, are a group of islands in the middle-south part of the Malay Archipelago. ... Bali is an Indonesian island located at , the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. ... Gunung Rinjani from Gili Trawangan Lombok (1990 pop. ... Fauna is a collective term for animal life. ... Wallaces line between Australasian and Southeast Asian fauna. ... Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS (January 8, 1823 – November 7, 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist. ...