Robin Knox-Johnston finishing his circumnavigation of the world in Suhaili as the winner of the Golden Globe Race

The Sunday Times Golden Globe Race was a non-stop, single-handed, round-the-world yacht race, held in 1968–1969, the first round-the-world yacht race. The race was controversial due to the failure by most competitors to finish the race and because of the suicide of one entrant; however, it ultimately led to the founding of the BOC Challenge and Vendée Globe round-the-world races, both of which continue to be successful and popular. Image File history File links Knox_Johnston_Golden_Globe. ... Image File history File links Knox_Johnston_Golden_Globe. ... Robin Knox-Johnston finishing his circumnavigation of the world in Suhaili as the winner of the Golden Globe Race Sir William Robert Pat Robin Knox-Johnston, CBE, RD and bar (born 17 March 1939) was the first man to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the Earth and... A boat sails by her self-steering system as the skipper tends her sails, while sailing in fine conditions off Key West. ... To circumnavigate a place, such as an island, a continent, or the Earth, is to travel all the way around it by boat or ship. ... Inshore yacht racing on Sydney Harbour, Australia Yacht racing is the sport of competitive sailing. ... For other uses, see Suicide (disambiguation). ... The VELUX 5 Oceans Race is a round-the-world single-handed yacht race, sailed in stages. ... The Vendée Globe is a round-the-world single-handed yacht race, sailed non-stop and without assistance. ...

The race was sponsored by the British Sunday Times newspaper and was designed to capitalise on a number of individual round-the-world voyages which were already being planned by various sailors; for this reason, there were no qualification requirements, and competitors were permitted to start at any time between 1 June and 31 October 1968. The Golden Globe trophy was offered to the first person to complete an unassisted, non-stop single-handed circumnavigation of the world via the great capes, and a separate £5,000 prize was offered for the fastest single-handed circumnavigation. The Sunday Times is a Sunday broadsheet newspaper distributed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News International which is in turn owned by News Corporation. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Some loving-cup trophies seen in the London Irish clubhouse at Sunbury in 2002. ... The clipper route from England to Australia and New Zealand, by way of the great capes. ... “GBP” redirects here. ...

Nine sailors started the race; four retired before leaving the Atlantic Ocean. Of the five remaining, Chay Blyth, who had set off with absolutely no sailing experience, sailed past the Cape of Good Hope before retiring; Nigel Tetley sank with 1,100 sea miles to go while leading; Donald Crowhurst, who attempted to fake a round-the-world voyage, began to show signs of mental illness, and then committed suicide; and Bernard Moitessier, who rejected the philosophy behind a commercialised competition, abandoned the race while in a strong position to win, kept sailing non-stop, and stopped in Tahiti after circling the globe one and a half times. Only one of the nine sailors finished the race: Robin Knox-Johnston became the first person to sail single-handed and non-stop around the world. He was awarded both prizes and later donated the £5,000 to a fund supporting Crowhurst's family. Sir Charles Blyth, CBE, BEM (born 14 May 1940), known as Chay Blyth, is a Scottish yachtsman and rower. ... The Cape of Good Hope; looking towards the west, from the coastal cliffs above Cape Point. ... Tetley enjoying Christmas dinner solitary on his ship Victress during the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race, 1968. ... Donald Crowhurst, pictured just prior to setting out in the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race in 1968. ... Bernard Moitessier (10 April 1925 Hanoi, Vietnam – 16 June 1994 near Paris, France) was a renowned French yachtsman and author of books about his voyages and sailing. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Robin Knox-Johnston finishing his circumnavigation of the world in Suhaili as the winner of the Golden Globe Race Sir William Robert Pat Robin Knox-Johnston, CBE, RD and bar (born 17 March 1939) was the first man to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the Earth and...

Genesis of the race

Long-distance single-handed sailing has its beginnings in the nineteenth century, when a number of sailors made notable single-handed crossings of the Atlantic. The first single-handed circumnavigation of the world was made by Joshua Slocum, between 1895 and 1898, and many sailors have since followed in his wake, completing leisurely circumnavigations with numerous stopovers. However, the first person to tackle a single-handed circumnavigation as a speed challenge was Sir Francis Chichester, who, in 1960, had co-founded the Observer Single-handed Trans-Atlantic Race (OSTAR). A boat sails by her self-steering system as the skipper tends her sails, while sailing in fine conditions off Key West. ... To circumnavigate a place, such as an island, a continent, or the Earth, is to travel all the way around it by boat or ship. ... Joshua Slocum (February 20, 1844 – on or shortly after 14 November 1909) was a Canadian-born American seaman and adventurer, a noted writer, and the first man to sail single-handedly around the world. ... Sir Francis Chichester (September 17, 1901 – August 26, 1972), aviator and sailor, was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for becoming the first person to sail single-handed around the world by the clipper route, and the fastest circumnavigator, in nine months and one day. ... The Single-handed Trans-Atlantic Race, or STAR, is an east-to-west yacht race across the north Atlantic. ...

In 1966, Chichester set out to sail around the world by the clipper route, starting and finishing in England with a stop in Sydney, in an attempt to beat the speed records of the clipper ships in a small boat. His voyage was a great success, as he set an impressive round-the-world time of nine months and one day — with 226 days of sailing time — and, soon after his return to England on May 28, 1967, was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. Even before his return, however, a number of other sailors had turned their attention to the next logical challenge — a non-stop single-handed circumnavigation of the world. The Clipper Route followed by ships sailing between England and Australia/New Zealand. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Summary details of famous Clipper Ships (those without a separate Wikipedia Article) Ariel, 1865, 197. ... May 28 is the 148th day of the year (149th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... The silver Anglia knight, commissioned as a trophy in 1850, intended to represent the Black Prince. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ...

Plans laid

In March 1967, a 28-year-old British merchant marine officer, Robin Knox-Johnston, realised that a non-stop solo circumnavigation was "about all there's left to do now".^[1] Knox-Johnston had a 32-foot (9.7 m) wooden ketch, Suhaili, which he and some friends had built in India to the William Atkin Eric design; two of the friends had then sailed the boat to South Africa, and in 1966 Knox-Johnston had single-handly sailed her the remaining 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km) to London.^[2] Robin Knox-Johnston finishing his circumnavigation of the world in Suhaili as the winner of the Golden Globe Race Sir William Robert Pat Robin Knox-Johnston, CBE, RD and bar (born 17 March 1939) was the first man to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the Earth and... This article is about a foot as a unit of length. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... Square Topsl Gaff Ketch Hawaiian Chieftain on San Francisco Bay A ketch is a sailing craft with two masts: A main mast, and a mizzen mast abaft the main mast. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Knox-Johnston was determined that the first person to make a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation should be British, and he decided that he would attempt to achieve this feat. To fund his preparations he went looking for sponsorship from Chichester's sponsor, the British Sunday Times. The Sunday Times was by this time interested in being associated with a successful non-stop voyage but decided that, of all the people rumoured to be preparing for a voyage, Knox-Johnston and his old wooden ketch were the least likely to succeed. Knox-Johnston finally arranged sponsorship from the Sunday Mirror.^[3] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Sunday Times is a Sunday broadsheet newspaper distributed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News International which is in turn owned by News Corporation. ... Alternate newspaper: The Daily Mirror (Australia) The Daily Mirror is a British tabloid daily newspaper. ...

Several other sailors were interested. Bill King, a former Royal Navy submarine commander, built a 42-foot (12.8 m) junk-rigged schooner, Galway Blazer II, designed for heavy conditions. He was able to secure sponsorship from the Express newspapers. John Ridgway and Chay Blyth, a British Army captain and sergeant, had rowed a 20-foot (6.1 m) boat across the Atlantic Ocean in 1966. They independently decided to attempt the non-stop sail, but despite their rowing achievement were hampered by a lack of sailing experience. They both made arrangements to get boats, but ended up with entirely unsuitable vessels, 30-foot (9.1 m) boats designed for cruising protected waters and too lightly-built for Southern Ocean conditions. Ridgway managed to secure sponsorship from The People newspaper.^[4] This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... A junk is a Chinese sailing vessel. ... Two-masted fishing schooner A schooner (IPA: ) is a type of sailing vessel characterized by the use of fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts. ... For other uses, see Daily Express (disambiguation). ... John Ridgway, MBE, (born 1938), is a British yachtsman and rower. ... Sir Charles Blyth, CBE, BEM (born 14 May 1940), known as Chay Blyth, is a Scottish yachtsman and rower. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Ocean rowing is the sport of rowing across oceans. ...

One of the most serious sailors considering a non-stop circumnavigation in late 1967 was the French sailor and author Bernard Moitessier. Moitessier had a custom-built 39-foot (11.9 m) steel ketch, Joshua, named after Slocum, in which he and his wife Françoise had sailed from France to Tahiti. They had then sailed her home again by way of Cape Horn, simply because they wanted to go home quickly to see their children. He had already achieved some recognition based on two successful books which he had written on his sailing experiences. However, he was disenchanted with the material aspect of his fame — he believed that by writing his books for quick commercial success he had sold out what was for him an almost spiritual experience. He hit upon the idea of a non-stop circumnavigation as a new challenge, which would be the basis for a new and better book.^[5] Bernard Moitessier (10 April 1925 Hanoi, Vietnam – 16 June 1994 near Paris, France) was a renowned French yachtsman and author of books about his voyages and sailing. ... Cape Horn from the South. ...

The birth of the race

By January 1968, word of all these competing plans was spreading. The Sunday Times, which had profited to an unexpected extent from its sponsorship of Chichester, wanted to get involved with the first non-stop circumnavigation, but had the problem of selecting the sailor most likely to succeed. King and Ridgway, two likely candidates, already had sponsorship, and there were several other strong candidates preparing. "Tahiti" Bill Howell, an Australian cruising sailor, had made a good performance in the 1964 OSTAR, Moitessier was also considered a strong contender, and there may have been other potential circumnavigators already making preparations. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The route of the Golden Globe Race.

The Sunday Times did not want to sponsor someone for the first non-stop solo circumnavigation only to have them beaten by another sailor, so the paper hit upon the idea of a sponsored race, which would cover all the sailors setting off that year. To circumvent the possibility of a non-entrant completing his voyage first and scooping the story, they made entry automatic: anyone sailing single-handed around the world that year would be considered in the race. Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceRoute. ... Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceRoute. ...

This still left them with a dilemma in terms of the prize. A race for the fastest time around the world was a logical subject for a prize, but there would obviously be considerable interest in the first person to complete a non-stop circumnavigation, and there was no possibility of persuading the possible candidates to wait for a combined start. The Sunday Times therefore decided to award two prizes: the Golden Globe trophy for the first person to sail single-handed, non-stop around the world; and a £5,000 prize (a considerable sum then, equivalent to £58,100 in 2005^[6]) for the fastest time.^[7]

This automatic entry provision had the drawback that the race organisers could not vet entrants for their ability to take on this challenge safely. This was in contrast to the OSTAR, for example, which in the same year required entrants to complete a solo 500-nautical mile (930 km) qualifying passage.^[8] The one concession to safety was the requirement that all competitors must start between June 1 and October 31, in order to pass through the Southern Ocean in summer.^[9] is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Summer (disambiguation). ...

To make the speed record meaningful, competitors had to start from England. However Moitessier, the most likely person to make a successful circumnavigation, was preparing to leave from Toulon, in France. When the Sunday Times went to invite him to join the race, he was horrified, seeing the commercialisation of his voyage as a violation of the spiritual ideal which had inspired it. A few days later, Moitessier relented, saying that he would join the race and that if he won, he would take the prizes, sell the trophy, and leave again without a word of thanks.^[10] In typical style, he refused the offer of a free radio to make progress reports, saying that this intrusion of the outside world would taint his voyage; he did, however, take a camera, agreeing to drop off packages of film if he got the chance.^[11] Panorama of Toulon area. ...

The race declared

The race was announced on March 17, 1968, by which time King, Ridgway, Howell (who later dropped out), Knox-Johnston and Moitessier were declared competitors. Chichester, despite expressing strong misgivings about the preparedness of some of the interested parties, was to chair the panel of judges.^[12] is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Four days later, British electronics engineer Donald Crowhurst announced his intention to take part. Crowhurst was the manufacturer of a modestly successful radio navigation aid for sailors, who impressed many people with his apparent knowledge of sailing.^[13] With his electronics business failing, he saw a successful adventure, and the attendant publicity, as the solution to his financial troubles — which made him the mirror opposite of Moitessier, who saw publicity and financial rewards as inimical to his adventure. This article is about the engineering discipline. ... Donald Crowhurst, pictured just prior to setting out in the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race in 1968. ... Radio navigation is the application of radio frequencies to determining a position on the earth. ...

Crowhurst planned to sail in a trimaran. These boats were starting to gain a reputation, still very much unproven, for speed, along with a darker reputation for unseaworthiness; they were known to be very stable under normal conditions, but extremely difficult to right if knocked over, for example by a rogue wave. Crowhurst planned to tackle the deficiencies of the trimaran with a revolutionary self-righting system, based on an automatically inflated air bag at the masthead. He would prove the system on his voyage, then go into business manufacturing it, thus making trimarans into safe boats for cruisers.^[14] Photograph of an Orma 60 trimaran in Sandhamn before the Round Gotland Race 2005 A trimaran is a multihull boat consisting of a main hull (vaka) and two smaller outrigger hulls (amas), attached to the main hull with lateral struts (akas). ... The Draupner wave, a single giant wave measured on New Years Day 1995, finally confirmed the existence of freak waves, which had previously been considered near-mythical Freak waves, also known as rogue waves or monster waves, are relatively large and spontaneous ocean surface waves which can sink even... A cruising sailboat anchored in the San Blas Islands, in Panama. ...

By June, Crowhurst had secured some financial backing, essentially by mortgaging the boat, and later his family home. Crowhurst's boat, however, had not yet been built; despite the lateness of his entry, he pressed ahead with the idea of a custom boat, which started construction in late June. Crowhurst's belief was that a trimaran would give him a good chance of the prize for the fastest circumnavigation, and with the help of a wildly optimistic table of probable performances, he even predicted that he would be first to finish — despite a planned departure on October 1.^[15] This article is about the legal mechanism used to secure property in favor of a creditor. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The race

The start (1 June to 28 July)

Given the design of the race, there was no organised start; the competitors set off whenever they were ready, over a period of several months. On 1 June 1968, the first allowable day, John Ridgway sailed from Inishmore, Ireland, in his weekend cruiser English Rose IV. Just a week later, on 8 June, Chay Blyth followed suit — despite having absolutely no sailing experience. On the day he sailed, he had friends rig the boat Dytiscus for him and then sail in front of him in another boat to show him the correct manoeuvres.^[16] is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... , The Aran Islands East Beach, Inishmore Inis Mór / Árainn Mhór (English: ) is the largest of the Aran Islands in Galway Bay in the Republic of Ireland, and has an area of twelve square miles. ... is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Knox-Johnston got underway from Falmouth soon after, on 14 June. He wasn't disturbed by the fact that it was a Friday, contrary to the common sailors' superstition that it is bad luck to begin a voyage on a Friday. Suhaili, crammed with tinned food, was low in the water and sluggish, but the much more seaworthy boat soon started gaining on Ridgway and Blyth.^[17] Falmouth (Cornish: Aberfal) is a seaport on the River Fal on the south coast of Cornwall, England, UK. It is both a town and a civil parish. ... is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

It soon became clear to Ridgway that his boat was not up to a serious voyage, and he was also becoming affected by loneliness. On 17 June, at Madeira, he made an arranged rendezvous with a friend to drop off his photos and logs, and received some mail in exchange. While reading a recent issue of the Sunday Times that he had just received, he discovered that the rules against assistance prohibited receiving mail — including the newspaper in which he was reading this — and so he was technically disqualified. While he dismissed this as overly petty, he continued the voyage in bad spirits. The boat continued to deteriorate, and he finally decided that it would not be able to handle the heavy conditions of the Southern Ocean. On 21 July he put into Recife, Brazil, and retired from the race.^[18] is the 168th day of the year (169th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: Ut luceat omnibus Latin: That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15) Location in Brazil Country Region State Pernambuco Founded March 12, 1537 Incorporated (as village) 1709 Incorporated (as city) 1823 Government  - Mayor João Paulo Lima e Silva (PT) Area  - City 218 km²  (84. ...

Even with the race underway, other competitors continued to declare their intention to join. On 30 June, Royal Navy officer Nigel Tetley announced that he would race in the trimaran he and his wife lived aboard. He started preparing his boat, Victress, in Plymouth, where Moitessier, King, and Frenchman Loïck Fougeron were also getting ready. Fougeron was a friend of Moitessier, who managed a motorcycle company in Casablanca, and planned to race on Captain Browne, a 30-foot (9.1 m) steel gaff cutter. Crowhurst, meanwhile, was far from ready — assembly of the three hulls of his trimaran only began on July 28 at a boatyard in Norfolk.^[19] is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Photograph of an Orma 60 trimaran in Sandhamn before the Round Gotland Race 2005 A trimaran is a multihull boat consisting of a main hull (vaka) and two smaller outrigger hulls (amas), attached to the main hull with lateral struts (akas). ... , Plymouth (Cornish: ) is a city of 243,795 inhabitants (2001 census) in the south-west of England, or alternatively the West Country, and is situated within the traditional and ceremonial county of Devon at the mouths of the rivers Plym and Tamar and at the head of one of the... For other uses, see Casablanca (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Gaff rig. ... For other uses see cutter (disambiguation) An American-looking gaff cutter with a genoa jib set This French yawl has a gaff topsail set. ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Norfolk (IPA: //) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. ...

Attrition begins (29 July to 31 October)

Cape Town and the Cape Peninsula, with the Cape of Good Hope on the bottom right

Blyth and Knox-Johnston were well down the Atlantic by this time. Knox-Johnston, the experienced seaman, was enjoying himself, but Suhaili had problems with leaking seams near the keel. However, he had managed a good repair by diving and caulking the seams underwater.^[20] is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2184x1377, 1499 KB) NASA satellite image of South Africa taken by Landsat in February 2000. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2184x1377, 1499 KB) NASA satellite image of South Africa taken by Landsat in February 2000. ... Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1]  - Type City council  - Mayor Helen Zille  - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area  - City 2,499 km²  (964. ... Landsat Image over SRTM Elevation, showing the Cape Peninsula in the foreground. ... The Cape of Good Hope; looking towards the west, from the coastal cliffs above Cape Point. ... For other uses, see Keel (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Professional diving. ... Caulking - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ...

Blyth was not far ahead, and although leading the race, he was having far greater problems with his boat, which was suffering in the hard conditions. He had also discovered that the fuel for his generator had been contaminated, which effectively put his radio out of action. On 15 August, Blyth went in to Tristan da Cunha to pass a message to his wife, and spoke to crew from an anchored cargo ship, Gillian Gaggins. On being invited aboard by her captain, a fellow Scot, Blyth found the offer impossible to refuse and went aboard, while the ship's engineers fixed his generator and replenished his fuel supply. This article is about machines that produce electricity. ... is the 227th day of the year (228th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto Our faith is our strength Anthem God Save the Queen Capital (and largest city) Edinburgh of the Seven Seas Official languages English Government Dependency of St. ... This article is about the Scottish as an ethnic group. ...

By this time he had already shifted his focus from the race to a more personal quest to discover his own limits; and so, despite his technical disqualification for receiving assistance, he continued sailing towards Cape Town. His boat continued to deteriorate, however, and on 13 September he put into East London. Having successfully sailed the length of the Atlantic and rounded Cape Agulhas in an unsuitable boat, he decided that he would take on the challenge of the sea again, but in a better boat and on his own terms.^[21] Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1]  - Type City council  - Mayor Helen Zille  - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area  - City 2,499 km²  (964. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... East London (Afrikaans: Oos-Londen, Xhosa: Imonti) is a city in southeast South Africa, situated in the Eastern Cape Province at 32. ... A marker at Cape Agulhas indicates the official dividing line between the Atlantic and Indian oceans. ...

Despite the retirements, other racers were still getting started. On Thursday, 22 August, Moitessier and Fougeron set off, with King following on Saturday (none of them wanted to leave on a Friday).^[22] With Joshua lightened for a race, Moitessier set a fast pace — more than twice as fast as Knox-Johnston over the same part of the course. Tetley sailed on 16 September, and on 23 September, Crowhurst's boat, Teignmouth Electron, was finally launched in Norfolk. Under severe time pressure, Crowhurst planned to sail to Teignmouth, his planned departure point, in 3 days; but although the boat performed well downwind, the struggle against headwinds in the English Channel showed severe deficiencies in the boat's upwind performance, and the trip to Teignmouth took 14 days.^[23] is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... , Teignmouth (IPA: ) is a town on the north bank of the estuary mouth of the River Teign in south Devon, England. ... Satellite view of the English Channel The English Channel (French: , the sleeve) is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates the island of Great Britain from northern France and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. ...

Meanwhile, Moitessier was making excellent progress. On 29 September he passed Trindade in the south Atlantic, and on 20 October he reached Cape Town, where he managed to leave word of his progress. He sailed on east into the Southern Ocean, where he continued to make good speed, covering 188 nautical miles (348 km) on 28 October.^[24] is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The islands of Trindade and Martim Vaz (also called Martin Vaz), which are located 715 km East of Vitória in the Southern Atlantic Ocean, belong to the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Others were not so comfortable with the ocean conditions. On 30 October, Fougeron passed Tristan da Cunha, with King a few hundred nautical miles ahead.^[25] The next day — Halloween — they both found themselves in a severe storm. Fougeron hove-to but still suffered a severe knockdown; King, who allowed his boat to tend to herself (a recognised procedure known as lying ahull), had a much worse experience, as his boat was rolled, and he lost his foremast. Both men decided to retire from the race. is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the holiday. ... In sailing, heaving to (also heaving-to) is a way of waiting out a storm, usually by dropping all sails, fixing the helm to a set position, and using a sea anchor to avoid the boat drifting too far. ... In sailing, lying ahull is a controversial method of weathering a storm, by downing all sails, battening the hatches and locking the tiller to leeward. ...

The last starters (31 October to 10 December)

Four of the starters had decided to retire at this point, at which time Moitessier was 1,100 nautical miles (2000 km) east of Cape Town, Knox-Johnston was 4,000 nautical miles (7400 km) ahead in the middle of the Great Australian Bight, and Tetley was just nearing Trindade. However, 31 October was also the last allowable day for racers to start, and was the day that the last two competitors, Donald Crowhurst and Alex Carozzo, got under way. Carozzo, a highly-regarded Italian sailor, had competed in (but not finished) that year's OSTAR. Considering himself unready for sea, he "sailed" on 31 October, to comply with the race's mandatory start date, but went straight to a mooring to continue preparing his boat without outside assistance. Crowhurst was also far from ready — his boat, barely finished, was a chaos of unstowed supplies, and his self-righting system was unbuilt. He left anyway, and started slowly making his way against the prevailing winds of the English Channel.^[26] is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 10 is the 344th day (345th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, 21 days before the next year. ... The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay, encompassing an area of the Southern Ocean located off the central and western portions of the southern coastline of mainland Australia. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A dockworker places a mooring line on a bollard. ...

The approximate positions of the racers on 31 October 1968, the last day on which racers could start

By mid-November Crowhurst was already having problems with his boat. Hastily built, the boat was already showing signs of being unprepared, and in the rush to depart, Crowhurst had left behind crucial repair materials. On 15 November, he made a careful appraisal of his outstanding problems and of the risks he would face in the Southern Ocean; he was also acutely aware of the financial problems awaiting him at home. Despite his analysis that Teignmouth Electron was not up to the severe conditions which she would face in the Roaring Forties, he pressed on.^[27] Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceOct31. ... Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceOct31. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Roaring Forties is a name given, especially by sailors, to the latitudes between 40° and 50°, so called because of the boisterous and prevailing westerly winds. ...

Carozzo retired on 14 November, as he had started vomiting blood due to an ulcer, and put into Porto, Portugal for medical attention.^[28][29] Two more retirements were reported in rapid succession, as King made Cape Town on 22 November, and Fougeron stopped in Saint Helena on 27 November.^[30] This left four boats in the race in December: Knox-Johnston's Suhaili, battling frustrating and unexpected headwinds in the south Pacific Ocean,^[31] Moitessier's Joshua, closing on Tasmania,^[32] Tetley's Victress, just passing the Cape of Good Hope,^[33] and Crowhurst's Teignmouth Electron, still in the north Atlantic. is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A benign gastric ulcer (from the antrum) of a gastrectomy specimen. ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Norte  - Subregion Grande Porto  - District or A.R. Porto Mayor Rui Rio  - Party PSD Area 41. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 331st day of the year (332nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Slogan or Nickname: The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 5  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $16,114... The Cape of Good Hope; looking towards the west, from the coastal cliffs above Cape Point. ...

Knox-Johnston was having problems, as Suhaili was showing the strains of the long and hard voyage. On 3 November, his self-steering gear had failed for the last time, as he had used up all his spares. He was also still having leak problems, and his rudder was loose. Still, he felt that the boat was fundamentally sound, so he braced the rudder as well as he could, and started learning to balance the boat in order to sail a constant course on her own. On 7 November, he dropped some mail off in Melbourne, and on 19 November he made an arranged meeting with a Sunday Mirror journalist in Otago, New Zealand.^[34] is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Otago (help· info) is one of the regions of New Zealand and lies in the south-east of the South Island. ...

On 10 December, Crowhurst reported that he had had some fast sailing at last, including a day's run on 8 December of 243 nautical miles (450 km), a new 24-hour record. Francis Chichester was sceptical of Crowhurst's sudden change in performance, and with good reason — on 6 December, Crowhurst had started creating a faked record of a voyage, showing his position advancing much faster than it actually was. The creation of this fake log was an incredibly intricate process: quite apart from the need to make up convincing descriptions of weather and sea conditions in a different part of the world, he needed to show celestial navigation calculations working from observed sun, moon and planet altitudes to his fake positions. But to do that, he needed to know what those observed altitudes would be at those positions; to discover that, he needed to work the entire celestial navigation process backwards from his fake positions — a process which the standard tables of spherical trigonometry solutions are not designed to facilitate. This was all in addition to keeping a normal log by which he could keep track of his actual position.^[35] December 10 is the 344th day (345th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, 21 days before the next year. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Sir Francis Chichester (September 17, 1901 – August 26, 1972), aviator and sailor, was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for becoming the first person to sail single-handed around the world by the clipper route, and the fastest circumnavigator, in nine months and one day. ... December 6 is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the episode of The West Wing, see Celestial Navigation (The West Wing). ... Spherical triangle Spherical trigonometry is a part of spherical geometry that deals with polygons (especially triangles) on the sphere and explains how to find relations between the involved angles. ...

Christmas at sea (11 December to 25 December)

Nigel Tetley's Christmas dinner at sea was lavish, but lonely.

Christmas Day 1968 was a strange day for the four racers, who were very far from friends and family. Crowhurst made a radio call to his wife on Christmas Eve, during which he was pressed for a precise position, but refused to give one. Instead, he told her he was "off Cape Town", a position far in advance of his plotted fake position, and even farther from his actual position, 20 nautical miles off the easternmost point in Brazil, just 7 degrees (480 nautical miles, 890 km) south of the equator.^[36] December 11 is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Nigel_Tetley_Golden_Globe. ... Image File history File links Nigel_Tetley_Golden_Globe. ... For other uses, see Christmas (disambiguation). ... The Christmas Eve (1904-05), watercolor painting by the Swedish painter Carl Larsson (1853-1919) Christmas Eve, the evening of December 24th, the preceding day or vigil before Christmas Day, is treated to a greater or a lesser extent in most Christian societies as part of the Christmas season. ...

Like Crowhurst, Tetley was depressed. He had a lavish Christmas dinner, but was suffering badly from loneliness.^[37] Knox-Johnston, thoroughly at home on the sea, treated himself to a generous dose of whisky and held a rousing solo carol service, then drank a toast to the Queen at 3 p.m. He managed to pick up some radio stations from the USA, and heard for the first time about the Apollo 8 astronauts, who were making the first orbit of the Moon.^[38] Moitessier, meanwhile, was sunbathing in a flat calm, deep in the roaring forties south-west of New Zealand.^[39] For other uses, see Whisky (disambiguation). ... This page is about carols in general; for the short story by Charles Dickens, see A Christmas Carol. ... The Loyal Toast is the first toast to be given at a formal gathering by the presiding person. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ...

Rounding the Horn (26 December to 18 March)

The approximate positions of the racers on 19 January 1969

By January, concern was growing for Knox-Johnston, from whom nothing had been heard since New Zealand, as he was having problems with his transmitter.^[40] He was actually making good progress, however, and rounded Cape Horn on 17 January. Elated by this successful climax to his voyage, he briefly considered continuing east, to sail around the Southern Ocean a second time, but soon gave up the idea and turned north for home.^[41] is the 360th day of the year (361st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceJan19. ... Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceJan19. ... January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Cape Horn from the South. ... is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Crowhurst's deliberately vague position reporting was also causing consternation for the press, who were desperate for hard facts. On 19 January, he finally yielded to the pressure and stated himself to be 100 nautical miles (190 km) south-east of Gough Island in the south Atlantic. He also reported that due to generator problems he was shutting off his radio for some time. His position was mis-understood on the receiving end to be 100 nautical miles (190 km) south-east of the Cape of Good Hope; this mistake, and the high speed it implied, fuelled newspaper speculation in the following radio silence, and his position was optimistically reported as rapidly advancing around the globe. Crowhurst's actual position, meanwhile, was off Brazil, where he was making slow progress south, and carefully monitoring weather reports from around the world to include in his fake log. He was also becoming increasingly concerned about Teignmouth Electron, which was starting to come apart, mainly due to slapdash construction.^[42] January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Gough Island (occasionally referred to (erroneously) as Diego Alvarez) is a volcanic island rising from the South Atlantic Ocean to heights of over 900 metres (2950 ft) above sea level with an area of approximately 65 km² (25 mi²). It is part of Tristan da Cunha, a dependency of the...

Moitessier had also not been heard from since New Zealand, but he was still making good progress, and coping easily with the conditions of the "furious fifties". He was carrying letters from old Cape Horn sailors describing conditions in the Southern Ocean, and he frequently consulted these to get a feel for chances of encountering ice. He reached the Horn on 6 February, but when he started to contemplate the voyage back to Plymouth he realised that he was becoming increasingly disenchanted with the race concept.^[43] is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Cape Horn from the South.

As he sailed past the Falkland Islands^[44] he was sighted, and this first news of him since Tasmania caused considerable excitement. It was predicted that he would arrive home on 24 April as the winner (in fact, Knox-Johnston finished on 22 April). A huge reception was planned in Britain, from where he would be escorted to France by a fleet of French warships for an even more grand reception. There was even said to be a Légion d'honneur waiting for him there.^[45] Cape Horn, taken January 2003 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Cape Horn, taken January 2003 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Slogan or Nickname: The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 5  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $16,114... is the 114th day of the year (115th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Chiang Kai-sheks Légion dhonneur. ...

Moitessier had a very good idea of this, but throughout his voyage he had been developing an increasing disgust with the excesses of the modern world; the planned celebrations seemed to him to be yet another example of brash materialism. After much debate with himself, and many thoughts of those waiting for him in England, he decided to continue sailing — past the Cape of Good Hope, and across the Indian Ocean for a second time, into the Pacific.^[46] Unaware of this, the newspapers continued to publish "assumed" positions progressing steadily up the Atlantic, until, on 18 March, Moitessier slingshotted a message in a can onto a ship near the shore of Cape Town,^[47] announcing his new plans to a stunned world: is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

"My intention is to continue the voyage, still nonstop, toward the Pacific Islands, where there is plenty of sun and more peace than in Europe. Please do not think I am trying to break a record. 'Record' is a very stupid word at sea. I am continuing nonstop because I am happy at sea, and perhaps because I want to save my soul."^[48]

On the same day, Tetley rounded Cape Horn; badly battered by his Southern Ocean voyage in an unsuitable boat, he turned north with considerable relief.^[49]

Re-establishing contact (19 March to 22 April)

Teignmouth Electron was also battered and Crowhurst badly wanted to make repairs, but without the spares that had been left behind he needed new supplies. After some planning, on 8 March he put in to the tiny settlement of Río Salado, in Argentina, just south of the Río de la Plata. Although the village turned out to be the home of a small coastguard station, and his presence was logged, he got away with his supplies and without publicity. He started heading south again, intending to get some film and experience of Southern Ocean conditions to bolster his false log.^[50] is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This page is about the South American estuary. ... A coast guard is an organization devoted to saving the lives of shipwrecked mariners or people in danger at sea. ...

The concern for Knox-Johnston turned to alarm in March, with no news of him since New Zealand; aircraft taking part in a NATO exercise in the North Atlantic mounted a search operation in the region of the Azores. However, on 6 April he finally managed to make contact with a British tanker using his signal lamp, which reported the news of his position back home. This created a sensation in Britain, with Knox-Johnston now clearly set to win the Golden Globe trophy, and Tetley predicted to win the £5,000 prize for the fastest time.^[51] This article is about the military alliance. ... Motto (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,333 km² (n/a) 911 sq mi... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Commercial crude oil supertanker AbQaiq. ... Signal lamp training during World War II. Signal lamp, also called Aldis lamp, is a visual signaling device for optical communication (typically using Morse code) – essentially a focused lamp which can produce a pulse of light. ...

The approximate positions of the racers on 10 April 1969

Crowhurst re-opened radio contact on 10 April, reporting himself to be "heading" towards the Diego Ramirez Islands, near Cape Horn. This news caused another sensation, as with his projected arrival in the UK at the start of July he now seemed to be a contender for the fastest time, and (very optimistically) even for a close finish with Tetley. Once his projected false position approached his actual position, he started heading north at speed.^[52] Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceApr10. ... Image File history File links GoldenGlobeRaceApr10. ... is the 100th day of the year (101st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... is the 100th day of the year (101st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Diego Ramirez Islands Diego Ramirez Islands The Diego Ramirez Islands (Sp. ...

Tetley was informed of the fact that he might be robbed of the fastest-time prize, and started pushing harder, despite the fact that his boat was having significant problems — he made major repairs at sea in an attempt to stop the port hull of his trimaran falling off, and kept racing. On 22 April, he crossed his outbound track, one definition of a circumnavigation.^[53] is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... To circumnavigate a place, such as an island, a continent, or the Earth, is to travel all the way around it by boat or ship. ...

The finish (22 April to 1 July)

On the same day, 22 April, Knox-Johnston completed his voyage where it had started, in Falmouth. This made him the winner of the Golden Globe trophy, and the first person to sail single-handed and non-stop around the world, which he had done in 313 days.^[54] This left Tetley and Crowhurst apparently fighting for the £5,000 prize for fastest time. is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Falmouth (Cornish: Aberfal) is a seaport on the River Fal on the south coast of Cornwall, England, UK. It is both a town and a civil parish. ...

However, Tetley knew that he was pushing his boat too hard. On 20 May, he ran into a storm near the Azores and began to worry about the boat's severely weakened state. Hoping that the storm would soon blow over, he lowered all sail and went to sleep with the boat lying ahull. In the early hours of the 21st, he was awoken by the sounds of tearing wood. Fearing that the bow of the port hull might have broken off, he went on deck to cut it loose, only to discover that in breaking away it had made a large hole in the main hull, from which Victress was now taking on water too rapidly to stop. He sent a Mayday, and luckily got an almost immediate reply. He abandoned ship just before Victress finally sank and was rescued from his liferaft that evening, having come to within a thousand nautical miles (1900 km) of finishing what would have been the most significant voyage ever made in a multi-hulled boat.^[55] is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Mayday is an emergency code word used internationally as a distress signal in voice procedure radio communications, derived from the French maider, meaning help me. ... Severn class lifeboat in Poole Harbour, Dorset, England. ...

Crowhurst was left as the only person in the race, and — given his high reported speeds — virtually guaranteed the £5,000 prize. This would, however, also guarantee intense scrutiny of himself, his stories, and his logs by genuine Cape Horn veterans such as the sceptical Chichester. Although he had put great effort into his fabricated log, such a deception would in practice be extremely difficult to carry off, particularly for someone who did not have actual experience of the Southern Ocean; something of which he must have been aware at heart. Although he had been sailing fast — at one point making over 200 nautical miles (370 km) in a day — as soon as he learned of Tetley's sinking, he slowed down to a wandering crawl.^[56]

Crowhurst's main radio failed at the beginning of June, shortly after he had learned that he was the sole remaining competitor. Plunged into unwilling solitude, he spent the following weeks attempting to repair the radio, and on 22 June was finally able to transmit and receive in morse. The following days were spent exchanging cables with his agent and the press, during which he was bombarded with news of syndication rights, a welcoming fleet of boats and helicopters, and a rapturous welcome by the British people. It became clear that he could not now avoid the spotlight. is the 173rd day of the year (174th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1922 Chart of the Morse Code Letters and Numerals Morse code is a method for transmitting telegraphic information, using standardized sequences of short and long elements to represent the letters, numerals, punctuation and special characters of a message. ... Telegraph and Telegram redirect here. ...

Few sailors have ever been as much at home at sea as Bernard Moitessier.

Unable to see a way out of his predicament, he plunged into abstract philosophy, attempting to find an escape in metaphysics, and on 24 June he started writing a long essay to express his ideas. Inspired (in a misguided way) by the work of Einstein, whose book Relativity: The Special and General Theory he had aboard, the theme of Crowhurst's writing was that a sufficiently intelligent mind can overcome the constraints of the real world. Over the following 8 days, he wrote 25,000 words of increasingly tortured prose, drifting farther and farther from reality, as Teignmouth Electron continued sailing slowly north, largely untended. Finally, on 1 July, he concluded his writing with a garbled suicide note, and jumped overboard.^[57] Image File history File links Bernard_Moitessier_Golden_Globe. ... Image File history File links Bernard_Moitessier_Golden_Globe. ... Plato (Left) and Aristotle (right), by Raphael (Stanza della Segnatura, Rome) Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the ultimate nature of reality, being, and the world. ... is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... “Einstein” redirects here. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Moitessier, meanwhile, had concluded his own personal voyage more happily. He had circumnavigated the world and sailed almost two-thirds of the way round a second time, all non-stop and mostly in the roaring forties. Despite heavy weather and a couple of severe knockdowns, he contemplated rounding the Horn again. However, he decided that he and Joshua had had enough and sailed to Tahiti, where he and his wife had set out for Alicante. He thus completed his second personal circumnavigation of the world (including the previous voyage with his wife) on 21 June 1969. He started work on his book.^[58] is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ...

Aftermath of the race

Knox-Johnston, as the only finisher, was awarded both the Golden Globe trophy and the £5,000 prize for fastest time. He continued to sail and circumnavigated three more times. He was awarded a CBE in 1969 and was knighted in 1995.^[59] His book, A World of My Own,^[1] tells the story of his trip in typically down-to-earth, blunt style. The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The Order includes five classes in civil and military divisions; in decreasing order of seniority, these are Knight Grand Cross or Dame Grand Cross (GBE) Knight Commander...

Joshua, restored, at the Maritime Museum at La Rochelle

It is impossible to say whether Moitessier would have won if he had completed the race, as he would have been sailing in different weather conditions than Knox-Johnston did, but based on his time from the start to Cape Horn being about 77% of that of Knox-Johnston, it would have been extremely close. His book, The Long Way,^[11] tells the story of his voyage as a spiritual journey as much as a sailing adventure and is still regarded as a classic of sailing literature.^[60] Joshua was beached, along with many other yachts, by a famous hurricane at Cabo San Lucas in 1982; with a new boat, Tamata, Moitessier sailed back to Tahiti from the San Francisco Bay. He died in 1994.^[61] Image File history File links Joshua001. ... Image File history File links Joshua001. ... La Rochelle is a city and commune of western France, and a seaport on the Atlantic Ocean (population 78,000 in 2004). ... This article is about weather phenomena. ... Cabo is well known for its pristine beaches Lands End is at southern tip of Baja and its arch can be seen in a December sunset San Lucas Marina This view of Cabo San Lucas shows the rapid growth of the area (November 5, 2005). ... San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay, and the Golden Gate San Francisco Bay is a shallow, productive estuary through which water draining approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers from the Sierra Nevada mountains, enters the Pacific Ocean. ...

When Teignmouth Electron was discovered drifting in the Atlantic on 10 July, a fund was started for Crowhurst's wife and children; Knox-Johnston donated his £5,000 prize to the fund, and more money was added by press and sponsors.^[62] Nicholas Tomalin and Ron Hall, two of the journalists connected with the race, wrote a book on Crowhurst's voyage, The Strange Last Voyage of Donald Crowhurst,^[63] described by Hammond Innes in its Sunday Times review as "fascinating, uncomfortable reading" and a "meticulous investigation" of Crowhurst's downfall.^[64] is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Hammond Innes (July 15, 1914 – June 10, 1998) was an English author who wrote over thirty novels, as well as childrens and travel books. ... The Sunday Times is a Sunday broadsheet newspaper distributed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News International which is in turn owned by News Corporation. ...

Tetley found it impossible to adapt to his old way of life after his adventure. He was awarded a consolation prize of £1,000, with which he decided to build a new trimaran for a round-the-world speed record attempt. His 60-foot (18 m) boat Miss Vicky was built in 1971, but his search for sponsorship to pay for fitting-out met with consistent rejection. His book, Trimaran Solo,^[65] sold poorly. Although he outwardly seemed to be coping, the repeated failures must have taken their toll, and in February 1972, he committed suicide.^[66]

Blyth devoted his life to the sea and to introducing others to its challenge. In 1970–1971 he sailed a sponsored boat, British Steel, single-handedly around the world "the wrong way", against the prevailing winds. He subsequently took part in the Whitbread Round the World Yacht Race and founded the Global Challenge race, which allows amateurs to race around the world. His partner, John Ridgway, followed a similar course; he started an adventure school in Scotland, and circumnavigated the world twice under sail: once in the Whitbread Round the World Yacht Race, and once with his wife. King finally completed a circumnavigation in Galway Blazer II in 1973.^[67] Volvo Ocean Race 2005 - 2006 logo Volvo Ocean Race (formerly the Whitbread Round the World Race) is a yacht race around the world, held every four years. ... The Global Challenge is a round the world yacht race run by Challenge Business, the company started by Sir Chay Blyth in 1989. ...

Suhaili was sailed for some years more, including a trip to Greenland, and spent some years on display at the National Maritime Museum at Greenwich. She has since been returned to the water and is now based at the National Maritime Museum in Cornwall; she is expected to take part in the 2006 Round the Island Race.^[68] Teignmouth Electron was sold to a tour operator in Jamaica and eventually ended up damaged and abandoned on Cayman Brac, where she lies to this day.^[69] The National Maritime Museum, Greenwich The National Maritime Museum (NMM) is the leading maritime museum of the United Kingdom, and one of the most important in the world. ... Greenwich is a town, now part of the south-eastern urban sprawl of London, England, on the south bank of the River Thames in the London Borough of Greenwich. ... Cayman Brac is an island that lies about 143 km northeast of Grand Cayman in the Caribbean Sea. ...

There was considerable controversy over the race and its organisation, given the failure of most starters and the tragic outcome of Crowhurst's voyage; no follow-up race was held for some time. However, in 1982 the BOC Challenge race was organised; this single-handed round-the-world race with stops was inspired by the Golden Globe and has been held every four years since. In 1989, Philippe Jeantot founded the Vendée Globe race, a non-stop, single-handed, round-the-world race. Essentially the successor to the Golden Globe, this race is also held every four years and has attracted an enormous public following for the sport. The VELUX 5 Oceans Race is a round-the-world single-handed yacht race, sailed in stages. ... Philippe Jeantot is a French former deep sea diver, who achieved recognition as a sailor for long-distance, single-handed racing and record-setting. ... The Vendée Globe is a round-the-world single-handed yacht race, sailed non-stop and without assistance. ...

Competitors

Nine competitors participated in the race. Most of these had at least some prior sailing experience, although only Carozzo had competed in a major ocean race prior to the Golden Globe Race. The following table lists the entrants in order of starting, together with their prior sailing experience, and achievements in the race:

Name / Nationality	Boat	Previous sailing	Start	Result	Finish
John Ridgway	English Rose IV 30-foot (9.1 m) sloop	Fastnet Rock single-handed	Inishmore 1 June 1968	retired	Recife, Brazil 21 July 1968
Chay Blyth	Dytiscus III 30-foot (9.1 m) sloop	no sailing at all	Hamble 8 June 1968	retired	East London 17 September 1968
Robin Knox-Johnston	Suhaili 32-foot (10 m) ketch	India to UK in Suhaili	Falmouth 14 June 1968	finished	Falmouth 22 April 1969
Loïck Fougeron	Captain Browne 30-foot (9.1 m) gaff cutter	Morocco to Plymouth	Plymouth 22 August 1968	retired	Saint Helena 27 November 1968
Bernard Moitessier	Joshua 39-foot (12 m) ketch	Tahiti–France, via Cape Horn	Plymouth 22 August 1968	retired	Tahiti 21 June 1969
Bill King	Galway Blazer II 42-foot (13 m) junk schooner	Transatlantic, West Indies	Plymouth 24 August 1968	retired	Cape Town 22 November 1968
Nigel Tetley	Victress 40-foot (12 m) trimaran	1966 Round Britain Race	Plymouth 16 September 1968	sank, rescued	north Atlantic 21 May 1969
Alex Carozzo	Gancia Americano 66-foot (20 m) ketch	Trans-Pacific, 1968 OSTAR	Cowes 31 October 1968	retired	Porto 14 November 1968
Donald Crowhurst	Teignmouth Electron 40-foot (12 m) trimaran	day / weekend	Teignmouth 31 October 1968	committed suicide	north Atlantic 1 July 1969

Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... John Ridgway, MBE, (born 1938), is a British yachtsman and rower. ... A sloop-rigged J-24 sailboat A sloop (From Dutch sloep) in sailing, is a vessel with a fore-and-aft rig. ... Fastnet Rock (, ) is a small clay-slate island with quartz veins and the most southerly point of the Republic of Ireland, 6. ... , The Aran Islands East Beach, Inishmore Inis Mór / Árainn Mhór (English: ) is the largest of the Aran Islands in Galway Bay in the Republic of Ireland, and has an area of twelve square miles. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: Ut luceat omnibus Latin: That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15) Location in Brazil Country Region State Pernambuco Founded March 12, 1537 Incorporated (as village) 1709 Incorporated (as city) 1823 Government  - Mayor João Paulo Lima e Silva (PT) Area  - City 218 km²  (84. ... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Sir Charles Blyth, CBE, BEM (born 14 May 1940), known as Chay Blyth, is a Scottish yachtsman and rower. ... See also Rivers of the United Kingdom Categories: UK geography stubs | Rivers in Hampshire ... is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 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This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... A junk is a Chinese sailing vessel. ... Two-masted fishing schooner A schooner (IPA: ) is a type of sailing vessel characterized by the use of fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts. ... The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... is the 236th day of the year (237th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1]  - Type City council  - Mayor Helen Zille  - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area  - City 2,499 km²  (964. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Tetley enjoying Christmas dinner solitary on his ship Victress during the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race, 1968. ... 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Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Norte  - Subregion Grande Porto  - District or A.R. Porto Mayor Rui Rio  - Party PSD Area 41. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Donald Crowhurst, pictured just prior to setting out in the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race in 1968. ... Photograph of an Orma 60 trimaran in Sandhamn before the Round Gotland Race 2005 A trimaran is a multihull boat consisting of a main hull (vaka) and two smaller outrigger hulls (amas), attached to the main hull with lateral struts (akas). ... , Teignmouth (IPA: ) is a town on the north bank of the estuary mouth of the River Teign in south Devon, England. ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ...

References

is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Amazon. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 126th day of the year (127th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• The Circumnavigators - by Don Holm

Further reading

• A Voyage for Madmen, by Peter Nichols. Harper Collins, 2001. ISBN 0-06-095703-4
• A World of My Own, Robin Knox-Johnston. W.H. Norton, 1969. ISBN 0-393-02900-X
• The Long Way, by Bernard Moitessier. Sheridan House, 1995. ISBN 0-924486-84-8
• Trimaran Solo, by Nigel Tetley. Nautical Publishing Co., 1970. ISBN 0-245-59950-9
• The Strange Last Voyage of Donald Crowhurst, by Nicholas Tomalin and Ron Hall. Hodder & Stoughton Ltd., 2003. ISBN 0-07-141429-0
• Capsize, by Bill King, Nautical Publishing 1969.

Documentaries

• Deep Water, directed by Louise Osmond and Jerry Rothwell (2005).