The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is a particle accelerator at CERN. Originally specified as a 300 GeV machine, the SPS was actually built to be capable of 400GeV, an operating energy it achieved on the official commissioning date of 17 June 1976. However, by that time this energy had been exceeded by Fermilab, who reached 500GeV on May 14th of that year. One of the early particle accelerators responsible for development of the atomic bomb. ... CERN logo CERN is the European Organization for Nuclear Research, the worlds largest particle physics laboratory, situated on the border between France and Switzerland, just west of Geneva. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... See also: Other events of 1976 List of years in science . ... Fermilab Robert Rathbun Wilson Hall Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), located in Batavia near Chicago, Illinois is a U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory specializing in high-energy particle physics, operated for the Department of Energy by the Universities Research Association (URA). ...

The SPS was designed by a team led by CERN director-general of what was then known as Laboratory II, Sir John Adams. Sir John Adams (1920 - 1984) was a British scientist and administrator. ...

The SPS has been used to accelerate antiprotons, for a proton-antiproton collider, electrons and positrons (for use as the injector for CERN's LEP electron-positron collider) and heavy ions. Its finest hour was undoubtedly as a proton-antiproton collider, when its beams provided the data for the UA1 and UA2 experiments, which resulted in the discovery of the W and Z bosons, earning a Nobel Prize for Carlo Rubbia and Simon van der Meer in 1984. The antiproton is the antiparticle of the proton. ... Properties The electron is a subatomic particle. ... A positron is the antiparticle of the electron. ... The Large Electron-Positron Collider (usually called LEP for short. ... Quark gluon plasma is a phase of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) which exists at extremely high temperature and density. ... The UA1 high energy physics experiment ran at CERN from 1981 until 1993 on the SPS collider. ... The UA2 high energy physics experiment was one of the two major experiments and collaborations at the CERN proton-antiproton collider, and codiscovered the W and Z bosons in 1983. ... Photographs of Nobel Prize Medals. ... Carlo Rubbia (born March 31, 1934) is an Italian physicist. ... Simon van der Meer (born November 24, 1925) is a Dutch physicist. ...

The SPS is now to be used as the final pre-injector for high-intensity proton beams for CERN's Large Hadron Collider, scheduled to begin operation in 2006, accelerating protons from 26GeV to 450GeV. The SPS will also be used to produce a neutrino stream to be detected at the Italian Gran Sasso laboratory, 730 km from CERN. CMS detector for LHC at CERN The Large Hadron Collider (short LHC) is a particle accelerator and collider located at CERN. It is currently under construction and scheduled to start operation in 2007. ... The neutrino is an elementary particle. ... Gran Sasso (Italian for great stone), a massif located in the Abruzzo region of central Italy, is the highest of the Apennines and the centerpiece of a national park (established 1991). ...