Suppository casting mould

A suppository is a drug delivery system that is inserted either into the rectum (rectal suppository), vagina (vaginal suppository) or urethra (urethral suppository) where it dissolves. The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. ... The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ... In anatomy, the urethra is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. ...

They are used to deliver both systemically-acting and locally-acting medications.

They can also be known as analgestics, which are a term that is quite new. Suppository casting mould A suppository is a drug delivery system that is inserted either into the rectum (rectal suppository), vagina (vaginal suppository) or urethra (urethral suppository) where it dissolves. ...

The alternative term for delivery of medicine via such routes, is known as a pharmaceutical pessary. A medication is a licenced drug taken to cure or reduce symptoms of an illness or medical condition. ... A pessary is a small plastic or silicone medical device or form of pharmaceutical preparation which is inserted into the vagina or rectum and held in place by the pelvic floor musculature. ...

The general principle is that the suppository is inserted as a solid, and will dissolve inside the body to deliver the medicine.

Vaginal suppositories

Vaginal suppositories are commonly used to treat gynecological ailments, including vaginal infections such as candidiasis. The shamefulness associated with the examination of female genitalia has long inhibited the science of gynaecology. ...

Rectal suppositories

Glycerin suppositories (laxative)

Rectal suppositories are commonly used for: Glycerin, also well known as glycerine and glycerol, and less commonly as 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet-tasting viscous liquid. ... Laxatives (or purgatives are foods, compounds, or drugs taken to induce bowel movements, most often taken to treat constipation. ...

• For laxative purposes, with chemicals such as glycerin or bisacodyl.
• To treat a hemorrhoid by delivering a moisturizer or vasoconstrictor.
• Delivery of many other systemically-acting medications, such as promethazine or aspirin.
• For general medical administration purposes: the substance crosses the rectal mucosa into the bloodstream; examples include paracetamol (acetaminophen), diclofenac, opiates, and eucalyptol suppositories.

Laxatives (or purgatives are foods, compounds, or drugs taken to induce bowel movements, most often taken to treat constipation. ... Glycerin, also well known as glycerine and glycerol, and less commonly as 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet-tasting viscous liquid. ... Bisacodyl is the International Nonproprietary Name of a compound that functions as a stimulant laxative. ... Hemorrhoids (AmE), haemorrhoids (BrE), emerods, or piles are varicosities or swelling and inflammation of veins in the rectum and anus. ... A vasoconstrictor, also vasopressor or simply pressor, is any substance that acts to cause vasoconstriction (narrowing of the lumena of blood vessels) and usually results in an increase of the blood pressure. ... Promethazine is a first-generation H1 receptor antagonist antihistamine and antiemetic medication. ... This article is about the drug. ... The mucous membranes (or mucosa) are linings of ectodermic origin, covered in epithelium, that line various body cavities and internal organs. ... Paracetamol (INN) (IPA: ) or acetaminophen (USAN), is the active metabolite of phenacetin, a so-called coal tar analgesic. ... Acetaminophen (USAN) or paracetamol (INN), is a popular analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. ... my sister died form overdose!!! Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren, Voltarol, Diclon, Dicloflex Difen, Difene, Cataflam, Pennsaid, Rhumalgan, Modifenac, Abitren and Zolterol) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation and an analgesic reducing pain in conditions such as in arthritis or acute injury. ... An opioid is any agent that binds to opioid receptors found principally in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. ... Eucalyptol is a natural organic compound which is a colorless liquid. ...

Mode of insertion

In 1991, Abd-El-Maeboud and his colleagues published a very important study in The Lancet, based upon their investigation into whether there was some hidden and forgotten knowledge behind the traditional shape of a rectal suppository.

Their research very clearly demonstrated that there was, indeed, a very good reason for the traditional "torpedo" shape; namely, that the shape had a strong influence on the extent to which the rectal suppository travelled internally — and, thus, upon its increased efficacy.

They (counter-intuitively) found that the ideal mode of insertion was to insert suppositories narrow, "blunt"-end first, rather than the generally used mode of inserting the thick, "pointy"-end first. This conclusion was based on the greater distance of internal travel of the suppository once inserted, which was entirely a mechanical consequence of the natural actions of the bowel's muscular structure and the rectal configuration.

As a consequence, and in order to guarantee the maximum optimal efficacy, they recommended that all rectal suppositories be inserted narrow, "blunt"-end first.

Non-laxative rectal suppositories

Four 500 mg acetaminophen/paracetamol suppositories

Non-laxative rectal suppositories are to be used after defecation, so as not to be expelled before they are fully dissolved and the substance is absorbed. The use of a examination glove or a finger cot can ease insertion by protecting the rectal wall and the fingernail(s) from each other. four 500mg panadol (acetaminophen/paracetamol) suppositories This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... four 500mg panadol (acetaminophen/paracetamol) suppositories This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Acetaminophen (USAN) or paracetamol (INN), is a popular analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. ... Anatomy of the anus and rectum For the death metal band Defecation, see Defecation (band). ... A blue nitrile medical glove. ... A finger cot is a device resembling a male condom used to cover the fingers. ...

Urethral suppositories

Alprostadil pellets are urethral suppositories used for the treatment of severe erectile dysfunction. They are marketed under the name Muse in the United States.^[1] Its use has diminished since the development of oral impotence medications, but is still on the market. Alprostadil is a prostaglandin analogue used as a drug in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and has vasodilatory properties. ... Erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence is a sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to develop or maintain an erection of the penis. ...

Constituents

Some suppositories are made from a greasy base, such as cocoa butter, in which the active ingredient and other excipients are dissolved; this grease will melt at body temperature (this may be a source of discomfort for the patient^{[citation needed]}, as the melted grease may pass through the anus during flatulences). Other suppositories are made from a water soluble base, such as polyethylene glycol. Suppositories made from polyethylene glycol are commonly used in vaginal and urethral suppositories. Glycerin suppositories are made of glycerol and gelatin.glycerogelatin is prepared by mixing glycerol n water n is solidified by gelatin. Cocoa butter, also called theobroma oil, is the pale-yellow, edible natural vegetable fat of the cacao bean. ... An excipient is an inactive substance used as a vehicle for medication, or an active ingredient. ... This article is about the bodily orifice. ... Flatulence is the presence of a mixture of gases known as flatus in the digestive tract of mammals expelled from the rectum. ... Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) are polymers composed of repeating subunits of identical structure, called monomers, and are the most commercially important polyethers. ... Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) are polymers composed of repeating subunits of identical structure, called monomers, and are the most commercially important polyethers. ... Glycerin, also well known as glycerine and glycerol, and less commonly as 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet-tasting viscous liquid. ... Glycerine, Glycerin redirects here. ... For the art collective, see Gelitin. ...

Indications

Eucalyptol suppository, for the treatment of some respiratory ailments

Suppositories may be used for patients in the event it may be easier to administer than tablets or syrups. Eucalyptol is a natural organic compound which is a colorless liquid. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In cooking, a syrup (from Arabic شراب sharab, beverage, via Latin siropus) is a thick, viscous liquid, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars, but showing little tendency to deposit crystals. ...

Suppositories may also be used when a patient has a vomiting tendency, as oral medication can be vomitted out.

Drugs which often cause stomach upset, for example diclofenac sodium (Voltaren) are better tolerated in suppository form. Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren®, Voltarol® and Cataflam®) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation, such as in arthritis or acute injury. ... Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren®, Voltarol® and Cataflam®) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation, such as in arthritis or acute injury. ...

"Liquid suppositories"

The phrase "liquid suppository" is also sometimes applied to the activity of injecting a liquid, typically a laxative, with a small syringe, into the rectum. Laxatives (or purgatives are foods, compounds, or drugs taken to induce bowel movements, most often taken to treat constipation. ...

See also

• Artesunate suppositories
• Clyster
• Enema
• Pessary

A normal clyster syringe (in front) and the nozzle for a syringe designed for self-administration (in the back). ... This 2qt (about 1. ... A pessary is a small plastic or silicone medical device or form of pharmaceutical preparation which is inserted into the vagina or rectum and held in place by the pelvic floor musculature. ...

Notes

1. ^ DrugDigest: Muse overview. Retrieved July 10, 2007.

References

• Abd-El-Maeboud, K.H., El-Naggar, T., El-Hawi, E.M.M., Mahmoud, S.A.R. & Abd-El-Hay, S., "Rectal Suppository: Commonsense and Mode of Insertion", The Lancet, Vol.338, No.8770, (28 September, 1991), pp.798–800.
• Doyle, D., "Per Rectum: A History of Enemata", Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, Vol.35, No.4, (December 2005), pp.367-370.
• Payer, L., "How Medical Practice Reflects National Culture", The Sciences, Vol.30, No.4, (July-August 1990), pp.38-42.

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