Supranationalism is a method of decision-making in international organizations, where power is held by independent appointed officials or by representatives elected by the legislatures or people of the member states. Member-state governments still have power, but they must share this power with other actors. Furthermore, decisions are made by majority votes, hence it is possible for a member-state to be forced by the other member-states to implement a decision against its will. An international organization (also called intergovernmental organization) is an organization of international scope or character. ... In physics, a force is anything that causes a free body with mass to accelerate. ...
An alternative method of decision-making in international organisations is intergovernmentalism. Intergovernmentalism is a theory of decision-making in international organizations, where power is possessed by the member-states and decisions are made by unanimity. ...
Few international organizations today operate on the basis of supranationalism; the main exceptions are the European Union and the South American Community of Nations, often called supranational unions, as they incorporate both intergovernmental and supranational elements. The South American Community of Nations (CSN) (Spanish: Comunidad Sudamericana de Naciones, Portuguese: Comunidade Sul-Americana de Nações, Dutch: Zuid-Amerikaanse Statengemeenschap) will be a continent-wide free trade zone that will unite two existing free-trade organizations—Mercosur and the Andean Community—eliminating tariffs for non-sensitive products... A supranational union, sometimes called also a supranational state, is a group of countries that has: some of the traits of a regional international organization and some of the traits of a federal state, In other words, it is a hybrid or transitional institution. ...
Some degree of supranationalism may exist in some International organizations. Supporters of a Federal World Government wish it to be extended. An international organization (also called intergovernmental organization) is an organization of international scope or character. ... This article discusses the idea of a democratic federal world government (FWG), as presented by its proponents (often called world federalists). At its core, FWG is simply an extension of the idea of democratic federation to the global level. ...
The existence of supranational entrepreneurs, "neo-functionalists" have argued since the pioneering work of Ernst Haas and Leon Lindberg forty years ago, is one of two major factors feeding the self-sustaining and path-dependent process of unintended consequences -- "spillover" -- which powers regional integration.
Theories of supranational entrepreneurship, like strategy-based theories of bargaining or functional theories of international regimes, rest on the assumption that the (transaction) costs of interstate bargaining negotiations are high, even when coercive force is absent -- thus leading states, unaided, to bargain inefficiently.
Yet supranational entrepreneurs in the EC lack the characteristics required to influence such negotiations; they are not generally more creative, impartial, legitimate, or expert than national governments.
The United Nations holds a limited degree of supranational power insofar as governing important matters of global security through the binding decisions of the Security Council.
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