The Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院; pinyin: Zuìgāo Rénmín Fǎyuàn) is the highest court in the judicial system of the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong and Macau, as special administrative regions, has their own separated judicial systems based on British common law traditions and Portuguese civil-law traditions respectively, and are out of the jurisdiction of the Supreme People's Court. The President of the Peoples Republic of China (Simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和国主席; Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó ZhÇ”xí, or abbreviated Guójiā ZhÇ”xí 国家主席) is the head of state of the Peoples Republic of China. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Great Hall of the People, where the NPC convenes The National Peoples Congress (全国人民代表大会 in Pinyin: Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì, literally Pan-Nation Congress of the Peoples Representatives), abbreviated PNCOTPR, is the highest... The Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress (NPCSC; Chinese: 全国人民代表大会常务委员会, pinyin: Quánguó Rénmín DàibiÇŽo Dàhuì Chángwù WÄ›iyuánhuì) is a committee of about 150 members of the National Peoples Congress (NPC) of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), which... The Premier ( Chinese: 总理 pinyin: zŏnglĭ), sometimes referred to as the Prime Minister, is the Chairman of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China and head of Central Peoples Government. ... Wen Jiabao (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Wen Chia-pao) (born September 1942) is the Premier of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The State Council (国务院, pinyin: Guówùyuàn), which is largely synonymous with the Central Peoples Government (中央人民政府), is the chief administrative authority of the Peoples Republic of China. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Central Military Commission (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) refers to one of two bodies within the Peoples Republic of China, either to the Central Military Commission of the Peoples Republic of China, a state organ, or the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party, a party organ. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Supreme Peoples Procuratorate (simplified Chinese: 最高人民检察院; pinyin: Zuìgāo Rénmín FÇŽyuàn Jiānchá Yùan) is the highest agency at the national level responsible for prosecution in the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Peoples Republic of China is in many regards a single-party state. ... The Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (中国人民政治协商会议 Pinyin: Zhongguo renmin zhengzhi xieshang huiyi), abbreviated CPPCC, is an advisory body in the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ... The General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee (Chinese: 中国共产党中央委员会总书记 pinyin: Zhōngguó GòngchÇŽndÇŽng Zhōngyāng WÄ›iyuánhuì ZÇ’ngshÅ«jì) is the highest ranking official within the Communist Party of China and heads the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China. ... The National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党全国代表大会 Pinyin: Zhōnguó GòngchÇŽndÇŽng Quánguó DàibiÇŽo Dàhuì) is a party congress that is held about once every five years. ... The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (Chinese: 中国共产党中央委员会; pinyin: Zhōngguó GòngchÇŽndÇŽng Zhōngyāng WÄ›iyuánhuì) is the highest authority within the Communist Party of China between Party Congresses. ... The Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Central Committee (Chinese: 中国共产党中央委员会书记处 pinyin: Zhōngguó GòngchÇŽndÇŽng Zhōngyāng WÄ›iyuánhuì ShÅ«jìchù) is the permanent bureaucracy of the Communist Party of China and forms a parallel structure to state organizations in the Peoples Republic... The Politburo of the Communist Party of China ( Chinese: 中国共产党中央政治局 pinyin: Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Zhōngyāng Zhèngzhìjú) is a group of 19 to 25 people who oversee the Communist Party... The Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (Chinese: 中国共产党中央政治局常务委员会 pinyin: Zhōngguó GòngchÇŽndÇŽng Zhōngyāng Zhèngzhìjú Chángwù WÄ›iyuánhuì) is a committee whose membership varies between 5 and 9 and includes the top leadership of the Communist Party of China. ... Elections in the Peoples Republic of China take two forms: elections for selected local government positions in selected rural villages, and elections by Communist Party peoples congresses for the national legislature: the National Peoples Congress (Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui). ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have always consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... The situation of human rights in the Peoples Republic of China has been criticized by various sources, including other nations - particularly Western democracies - as well as international organizations, as being poor in many respects. ... The foreign relations of the Peoples Republic of China draws upon traditions extending back to China in the Qing Dynasty and the Opium Wars, despite China having undergone many radical upheavals over the past two and a half centuries. ... Foreign aid to the Peoples Republic of China takes the form of both bilateral and multilateral official development assistance and official aid to individual recipients. ... Other Hong Kong topics Culture - Economy Education - Geography - History Hong Kong Portal Politics of Hong Kong takes place in a framework of a political system dominated by the Peoples Republic of China, an own legislature, the Chief Executive as the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party... In accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the Peoples Republic of China, Macau has Special Administrative Region status, which provides constitutional guarantees for implementing the policy of one country, two systems and the constitutional basis for enacting the Basic Law of the Macau Special Administrative Region. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Special administrative region may be: Peoples Republic of China Special administrative regions, present-day administrative divisions (as of 2006) set up by the Peoples Republic of China to administer Hong Kong (since 1997) and Macau (since 1999) Republic of China Special administrative regions, also translated as special administrative... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ...

The court includes over 200 judges which meet in smaller tribunals to decide cases.

Since March 1998, the President of the Supreme People's Court and Chief Grand Justice has been Xiao Yang (肖扬). 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean [1]. // Coated in ice, power and telephone lines sag and often break, resulting in power outages. ... Xiao Yang (Chinese: 肖扬; Pinyin: Xiāo Yáng; born August 1938) is the President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China. ...

Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Court

1. 1949 - 1954
   • President: Shen Junru
2. 1954 - 1959: 1st National People's Congress
   • President: Dong Biwu
   • Vice Presidents: Gao Kelin, Ma Xiwu, Zhang Zhirang
3. 1959 -1965: 2nd National People's Congress
   • President: Xie Juezai
   • Vice Presidents: Wu Defeng, Wang Weigang, Zhang Zhirang
4. 1965 - 1975: 3rd National People's Congress
   • President: Yang Xiufeng
   • Vice Presidents: Tan Guansan, Wang Weigang, Zeng Hanzhou, He Lanjie, Xing Yimin, Wang Demao, Zhang Zhirang
5. 1975 - 1978: 4th National People's Congress
   • President: Jiang Hua
   • Vice Presidents: Wang Weigang, Zeng Hanzhou, He Lanjie, Zheng Shaowen
6. 1978 - 1983: 5th National People's Congress
   • President: Jiang Hua
   • Vice Presients: Zeng Hanzhou, He Lanjie, Zheng Shaowen, Song Guang, Wang Huaian, Wang Zhanping
7. 1983 - 1988: 6th National People's Congress
   • President: Zheng Tianxiang
   • Vice Presidents: Ren Jianxin, Song Guang, Wang Huaian, Wang Zhanping, Lin Huai, Zhu Mingshan, Ma Yuan
8. 1988 - 1993: 7th National People's Congress
   • President: Ren Jianxin
   • Vice Presidents: Hua Liankui, Lin Huai, Zhu Mingshan, Ma Yuan, Duan Muzheng
9. 1993 - 1998: 8th National People's Congress
   • President: Ren Jianxin
   • Vice Presidents: Zhu Mingshan, Xie Anshan, Gao Changli, Tang Dehua, Liu Jiachen, Luo Haocai, Li Guoguang, Lin Huai, Hua Liankui, Duan Muzheng, Wang Jingrong, Ma Yuan
10. 1998 - 2003: 9th National People's Congress
    • President: Xiao Yang
    • Vice Presidents: Zhu Mingshan, Li Guoguang, Jiang Xingchang, Shen Deyong, Wan Exiang, Cao Jianming, Zhang Jun, Huang Songyou, Jiang Bixin

Shen Junru (Chinese: 沈钧儒; Pinyin: ShÄ›n JÅ«nrú; 1875 - 1963) was a Chinese politician and the first President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China. ... The Great Hall of the People, where the NPC convenes The National Peoples Congress (全国人民代表大会 in Pinyin: Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì, literally Pan-Nation Congress of the Peoples Representatives), abbreviated PNCOTPR, is the highest... Dong Biwu (Chinese: 董必武, Wade-Giles: Tung Pi-wu) (1886 - April 2, 1975) was a Chinese communist political leader during the regime of Mao Zedong. ... Xie Juezai (Chinese: 谢觉哉; Pinyin: Xiè Juézāi; 1884 — 1971) was a Chinese politician and the President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China. ... Yang Xiufeng (Chinese: 杨秀峰; Pinyin: Yáng XiùfÄ“ng; 1897 — 1983) was a Chinese politician and the President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China. ... Jiang Hua (Chinese: 江华; Pinyin: Jiāng Huá; 1907 - 1999) was a Chinese politician and President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China Jiang Hua was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of China in Zhejiang. ... Zheng Tianxiang {Chinese: 郑天翔; Pinyin: Zhèng Tiānxiáng; born 1914} is a Chinese politician and was the President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China. ... Ren Jianxin (Chinese: 任建新; Pinyin: Rén JiànxÄ«n; born 1925) was the President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China from 1988 to 1998. ... Ma Yuan (Traditional Chinese: 馬援; pinyin: MÇŽ Yuán) was a Chinese chiangchun who served during the Eastern Han Dynasty. ... Xiao Yang (Chinese: 肖扬; Pinyin: Xiāo Yáng; born August 1938) is the President of the Supreme Peoples Court of China. ... Wan Exiang (Chinese: 万鄂湘; Pinyin: Wàn Èxiāng; born 1956) is a professor of international law at Wuhan University, vice president of the Supreme Peoples Court of China, and vice president of the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang. ... Zhang Jun (张军) (born 26 November 1977) is a male badminton player from the Peoples Republic of China. ... Huang Songyou (Chinese: 黄松有; Pinyin: Huáng SōngyÇ’u, born December 1957) is the Vice President of the Supreme Peoples Court of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

External links

• The Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China Official site.
• Chinacourt English website sponsored by the Supreme People's Court, with court news and legal information including biographical information for the Grand Justices.
• PRC Laws Links to English versions of the Constitution, General Principles of Civil Law, Administrative Procedure Law, Civil and Criminal Procedure Laws, and the Judges Law.
• The Supreme People's Court Court information in English, maintained at People's Daily Online.