Part of a series of articles on Ukrainians Culture Literature · Music · Art · Cinema Cuisine · Dance · Sport Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A performance of a traditional Ukrainian dance by Virsky dance ensemble The Culture of Ukraine is a result of influence over millenia from the West and East, with an assortment of strong culturally-identified ethnic groups. ... Ukrainian literature is literature written in the Ukrainian language. ... Ukraine is an Eastern European country, formerly part of the Soviet Union. ... Ukrainian cuisine has a rich history and offers a wide variety of dishes, partly borrowed from other cuisines like German, Turkish and Polish. ... A Ukrainian dance troupe at the BC Ukrainian Cultural Festival Ukrainian Dance most often to refers to Ukrainian Folk-Stage Dance (as it is known by ethnographers and dance historians), a stylized form of a Folk Dance based in part on the movements contained in, and the actual traditional dances... By region or country Argentina · Armenia · Australia · Canada · Poland · Romania · Russia · United States · United Kingdom The term Ukrainian diaspora refers to the global community of ethnic Ukrainians, usually more specifically those who maintain some kind of connection, even if ephemeral, to the land of their ancestors and maintain their feeling of Ukrainian national identity within local community. ... Closely related peoples Boykos · Hutsuls · Lemkos · Rusyns · East Slavs Boyko or Boiko is the name for a distinctive group of Ruthenians (Ukrainian) montagnards of the Carpathian highlands. ... Travelling Hutsul, Galicia, 1872; lithograph Hutsuls (Ukrainian: , Romanian: HuÅ£uli, singular HuÅ£ul, Hutsul dialect: Hutsule, singular Hutsul; alternatively spelled Huculs, Huzuls, Hutzuls, Gutsuls, Guculs, Guzuls, or Gutzuls) are an ethno-cultural group of highlanders who for centuries have inhabited the Carpathian mountains, mainly in Ukraine, but also in the... Lemkos (Ukrainian: ) are one of four major ethnic groups who inhabit the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, and who speak the Lemko dialect/language. ... Rusyns, also called Ruthenians, Ruthenes, Rusins, Carpatho-Rusins, and Russniaks, are a modern group of ethnic groups that speak the Rusyn language and are descended from the minority of Ruthenians who did not adopt a Ukrainian national identity and become Ukrainians in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. ... The East Slavs are a Slavic ethnic group, the speakers of East Slavic languages. ... Religion Eastern Orthodoxy (Ukrainian) · Roman Catholicism · Greek Catholicism · Lutheranism · Islam Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Eastern Orthodox Church (including Bulgarian... The Roman Catholic Church in Ukraine is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ... The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC), also known as the Ukrainian Catholic Church, is one of the successor Churches to the acceptance of Christianity by Grand Prince Vladimir the Great (Ukrainian Volodymyr) of Kiev (Kyiv), in 988. ... The Ukrainian Lutheran Church or ULC is a Christian denomination of the Lutheran tradition based in the eastern European country of Ukraine. ... Muslims in Ukraine make up about 4% of the total population. ... Languages and dialects Ukrainian · Russian · Polish · Canadian Ukrainian · Rusyn · Surzhyk Ukrainians (Ukrainian: Українці, Ukrayintsi) are an East Slavic ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly- citizens of Ukraine (who may or may not be ethnic Ukrainians). ... Canadian Ukrainian (Ukrainian: украї́нська мо́ва, ukrayinska mova, ) is a variation (considered also as a dialect by some linguists) of the Ukrainian language specific to the Ukrainian Canadian community descended from the first two waves of historical Ukrainian emigration to Western Canada. ... Rusyn is an East Slavic language (along with Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian to which it shares a common linguistic ancestry) that is spoken by the Rusyns. ... Topics History · Ukrainian famine · Rulers · Ukrainians History of Ukraine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Child victim of the Holodomor The Ukrainian famine (1932-1933) or Holodomor was one of the largest national catastrophes of the Ukrainian nation in modern history with direct loss of human life in the range of millions (estimates vary). ... This box: view • talk • edit

Surzhyk (Ukrainian: суржик, originally meaning ‘flour or bread made from mixed grains’, e.g., wheat with rye), is currently the mixed language or sociolect used by fifteen to twenty percent of the population of Ukraine.^{[citation needed]} It is a mixture of Ukrainian and Russian languages in which commonly Russian vocabulary is combined with Ukrainian grammar and pronunciation. A mixed language is a language that arises when speakers of different languages are in contact and show a high degree of bilingualism. ... In linguistics, a sociolect is the language spoken by a social group, social class or subculture. ...

The vocabulary usage of either of the languages varies greatly with location, or sometimes even from person to person, depending on the level of education, personal experiences, rural or urban residence, origin of interlocutors etc. The percentage of Russian words and phonetic influences tends to gradually increase in the east and south and around big Russian-speaking cities. It is commonly spoken in most of eastern Ukraine's rural areas, with the exception of the large metropolitan areas of Donetsk, Kharkiv, Luhansk, and especially Crimea, where the majority of population uses the standard Russian. In rural areas of western Ukraine, the language spoken contains fewer Russian elements than in central and eastern Ukraine but has nonetheless been influenced by Russian. Map of Ukraine with Donetsk highlighted. ... Map of Ukraine with Kharkiv highlighted. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Luhansk highlighted. ... Motto: Процветание в единстве - Prosperity in unity Anthem: Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина - Your fields and mounts are wonderful, Motherland Location of Crimea (red) on the map of Ukraine. ...

The ancient common origin and more recent divergence of Russian and Ukrainian make it difficult to establish the degree of mixing in a vernacular of this sort.

Surzhyk is often used for comical effect in arts. See, for example, the short plays by Les Poderviansky [1] and the repertoire of the pop-star Verka Serdyuchka. Les Podervyansky (Ukrainian: , born 1952 in Kiev, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian painter, poet, playwright and performer. ... Andriy Mykhailovych Danylko (Ukrainian: ) (born October 2, 1973 in Poltava, Ukraine), better known as his drag queen character Verka Serduchka (Ukrainian: ), a flamboyant middle aged woman, is a Ukrainian comedian and pop and dance singer. ...

There are similar phenomena of language mixture around the globe. In Belarus, the mixture of Belarusian and Russian is called Trasianka. In Canada province of New Brunswick a French and English languages mixing phenomenon is called Chiac. Trasianka or trasyanka (be: трасянка) is a Belarusian–Russian patois or a kind of interlanguage (from the linguistic point of view). ... Motto: Spem reduxit (Hope restored) Capital Fredericton Largest city Saint John Official languages English, French (the only constitutionally bilingual province in the country) Government - Lieutenant-Governor Herménégilde Chiasson - Premier Shawn Graham (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 10 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st... Chiac is an Acadian French vernacular mixed with English, spoken in the south-east Canada, especially among youth near Moncton, Memramcook and Shediac. ...

Canadian Ukrainian, which is a dialect of Ukrainian language spoken by the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, is another illustration of language mixture. It is mostly based on the Galician dialect spoken at the turn of the 19th-20th century as many Ukrainian emigrants to Canada came from Galicia and Bukovina. Canadian Ukrainian (Ukrainian: украї́нська мо́ва, ukrayinska mova, ) is a variation (considered also as a dialect by some linguists) of the Ukrainian language specific to the Ukrainian Canadian community descended from the first two waves of historical Ukrainian emigration to Western Canada. ... The term Ukrainian diaspora refers to the global community of ethnic Ukrainians, usually more specifically those who maintain some kind of connection, even if ephemeral, to the land of their ancestors and maintain their feeling of Ukrainian national identity within local community. ... Galicia (Ukrainian: , Polish: , Russian: , German: , Hungarian: , Czech: , Yiddish: , Turkish: , Romanian: ) is a historical region in East Central Europe, currently divided between Poland and Ukraine. ...

Surzhyk as an ethnopolitical issue

Much of the Ukrainian speaking population actually speaks one of the many regional dialects of the language. The mixture with Russian is especially widespread in the east and south of the country, though frowned upon by the western population. The local dialects in Western Ukraine have elements of the Polish language. Polish (język polski, polszczyzna) is the official language of Poland. ...

In Soviet times the usage of Ukrainian was gradually decreasing, particularly at times, where the policies of Russification intensified (1930s and late 1970s to early 1980s) and thus a sizable portion of ethnic Ukrainians have a better knowledge of formal Russian than of the formal Ukrainian language. Soviet era is the period of Russian history comprising the years 1917 – 1991, when the power was held by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Externals Links

• How Do Ukrainians communicate ?
• Surzhyk and national identity in Ukrainian nationalist language ideology (Niklas Bernsand in Berliner Osteuropa-Info, Vol. 17 - page 41 -, Freie Universität, Berlin)

See also

Surzhyk test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator

• Gøtudanskt - Danish language as spoken in the Faroe Islands
• Jopará - a mixed language spoken in Paraguay which combines Spanish and Guaraní
• Russenorsk - a pidgin language that compines elements of Russian and Norwegian
• Russification - the policy of introduction of Russian language into non-Russian communities
• Diglossia - a situation of parallel usage of two closely-related languages, one of which is generally used by the government and in formal texts, and the other one is usually the spoken informally
• Les Podervianskiy