Sutri
Country	Italy
Region	Lazio
Province	Viterbo (VT)
Altitude	291 m
Area	60.85 km²
Population  - City  - Density	5.638 (as of December 31, 2004) 83.07 /km²/km²
Time zone	CET, UTC+1
Coordinates	42°14′52 N°12′57
Frazioni
Telephone Prefix	0761
Postal Code	056049
Gentilic	Sutrini
Patron:  - Saint   -Day	Sta. Dolcissima September 16
Mayor	Avv. Vincenzo Petroni
Website	www.comunesutri.it

Sutri (ancient Sutrium) is a town in the province of Viterbo, about 50 km from Rome. It is picturesquely situated on a narrow tufa hill, surrounded by ravines, a narrow neck on the west alone connecting it with the surrounding country. Image File history File links Sutri-Stemma. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... The Regions of Italy were granted a degree of regional autonomy in the 1948 constitution, which states that the constitutions role is: to recognize, protect and promote local autonomy, to ensure that services at the State level are as decentralized as possible, and to adapt the principles and laws... Latium (now Lazio in Italian) is a region of central Italy, bordered by Tuscany, Umbria, Abruzzo, Molise, Campania and the Tyrrhenian Sea. ... In Italy, the province (in Italian: provincia) is an administrative division of an intermediate level, between municipality (comune) and region (Regione). ... Viterbo (It. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of UTC+1 time zone, 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... It has been suggested that leap second be merged into this article or section. ... A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a comune; for other subdivisions, see municipio, circoscrizione, quartiere. ... A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Viterbo (It. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC (mythical), early 1st millennium BC (archaeological) Region Latium Area  - City Proper  1285 km² Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ... Tufa is the name for an unusual geological formation. ...

The modern comune of Sutri has a few more than 5,000 inhabitants. It ancient remains are a major draw for tourism: a Roman amphitheatre excavated in the tufa rock, an Etruscan necropolis with dozens of rock-cut tombs, a Mithraeum incorporated in the crypt of its church of the Madonna del Parto, a Romanesque Duomo. In Italy, the comune, (plural comuni) is the basic administrative unit of both provinces and regions, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality. ... A mithraeum found in the ruins of Ostia Antica, Italy. ...

History

Sutri occupied an important position, commanding as it did the road into Etruria, the later Via Cassia: Livy describes it as one of the keys of Etruria, Nepi being the other. It came into the hands of Rome after the fall of Veii, and a Latin colony was founded there; it was lost again in 386 BC, but was recovered and recolonized around 383. It was besieged by the Etruscan in 311‑310 BC, but not taken. With Nepet and ten other Latin colonies it refused further help in the Second Punic War in 209 BC. Its importance as a fortress explains, according to Festus, the proverb Sutrium ire, of one who goes on important business, as it occurs in Plautus. It is mentioned in. the war of 41 BC, and received a colony of veterans under the triumviri (Colonia coniuncta lulia Sutrina). Inscriptions show that it was a place of some importance under the empire, and it is mentioned as occupied by the Lombards. The area covered by the Etruscan civilzation. ... The Via Cassia was an important Roman road striking out of the Via Flaminia near the Milvian Bridge in the immediate vicinity of Rome and, passing not far from Veii traversed Etruria. ... A portrait of Titus Livius made long after his death. ... Nepi (anciently Nepet or Nepete) is a town and comune in Italy in the province of Viterbo, region of Latium. ... Veii - or Veius - was in ancient times, an important Etrurian city 18 km NNW of Rome, Italy. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC - 380s BC - 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 391 BC 390 BC 389 BC 388 BC 387 BC - 386 BC - 385 BC 384 BC 383... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC - 380s BC - 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC Years: 388 BC 387 BC 386 BC 385 BC 384 BC - 383 BC - 382 BC 381 BC... Map showing the extent of the Etruscan civilization and the twelve Etruscan League cities. ... Combatants Roman Republic Carthage Commanders Publius Cornelius Scipio†, Titus Sempronius Longus Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Gaius Flaminius†, Fabius Maximus, Claudius Marcellus†, Lucius Aemilius Paullus†, Gaius Terentius Varro, Marcus Livius Salinator, Gaius Claudius Nero, Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus†, Masinissa Hannibal Barca, Hasdrubal Barca†, Mago Barca†, Hasdrubal Gisco, Maharbal, Syphax, Hanno the... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 214 BC 213 BC 212 BC 211 BC 210 BC - 209 BC - 208 BC 207 BC... For the town, see Festus, Missouri. ... Titus Maccius Plautus (born at Sarsina, Umbria in 254 B.C.) was a comic playwright in the time of the Roman Republic. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC - 40s BC - 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s Years: 46 BC 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC 41 BC 40 BC 39 BC 38 BC... The term triumvirate (Latin for rule by three men) or troika in Russian, is commonly used to describe an alliance between three equally powerful political or military leaders. ... The Lombards or Longobards or Langobards were the Germanic tribe who gave their name to Lombardy, an administrative entity in Northern Italy. ...

Sutri retained its strategic importance as a fortified place near the borders of the Duchy of Rome. The Donation of Sutri was an agreement reached at Sutri between the Lombard king Liutprand the Lombard and Pope Gregory II in 728. At Sutri the two reached an agreement, by which Sutri and some hill towns in Latium (see Vetralla) were given to the Papacy, "as a gift to the blessed Apostles Peter and Paul" according to the Liber Pontificalis. The pact formed the first extension of Papal territory beyond the confines of the Duchy of Rome. The Donation of Sutri was an agreement reached at Sutri by Liutprand, King of the Lombards and Pope Gregory II in 728. ... Liutprand, king of the Lombards (reigned (712 – 744) is remembered for his Donation of Sutri, in 728, the historic foundation of the Papal States. ... Saint Gregory II, pope from 715 or 716 to February 11, 731, succeeded Pope Constantine, his election being variously dated May 19, 715, and March 21, 716. ... Latium (Lazio in Italian) is a region of central Italy, bordered by Tuscany, Umbria, Abruzzo, Marche, Molise, Campania and the Tyrrhenian Sea. ... The castello of Vetralla in a fresco in the Palazzo dei Priori, Vetralla The Italian comune of Vetralla, in the Province of Viterbo, which city lies 13 km to the north, is a hill town on a shoulder of Monte Fogliano, which has conserved much of its walling and medieval... The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches. ... The Twelve Apostles (in Koine Greek απόστολος apostolos [1], someone sent forth/sent out, an emissary) were probably Galilean Jewish men (10 names are Aramaic, 4 names are Greek) chosen from among the disciples, who were sent forth by Jesus of Nazareth to preach the Gospel to both Jews and Gentiles... Saint Peter, also known as Peter, Simon ben Jonah/BarJonah, Simon Peter, Cephas and Kepha — original name Simon or Simeon (Acts 15:14) — was one of the Twelve Apostles whom Jesus chose from among his original disciples. ... Saul, also known as Paul, Paulus, and Saint Paul the Apostle, ( 3 – 67) is widely considered to be central to the early development and spread of Christianity, particularly westward from Judea. ... The Book of the Popes or the Liber Pontificalis is a major source for early medieval history but was also met with intense critical scrutiny. ...

Sutri, the seat of a bishopric, was retrieved for the Papacy after the defeat of the Lombards.

Pope Gregory VI abdicated at Sutri on December 20, 1046, following the Synod of Sutri convened at the request of Emperor Henry III. In 1111 it was the seat of the treaty between Paschal II and Emperor Henry V; in 1146 and 1244 Eugene III and Innocent IV took refuge here, respectively. In 1244 it was conquered by Pietro di Vico, but was later took by Pandolfo, count of Anguillara, who gave it back to the Papal States. For the antipope of the same name, see antipope Gregory VI Gregory VI, né John Gratian, date of birth unknown; elected 1 May 1045; abdicated at the Council of Sutri on 20 December 1046; died probably at Cologne, in the beginning of 1048. ... December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events First contact between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuks. ... The Council of Sutri (or Synod of Sutri) was called by Pope Gregory VI at the behest of Henry III. King of the Germans and opened on December 20, 1046, in the hilltown of Sutri, at the edge of the Duchy of Rome. ... Henry III, from a miniature of 1040 Henry III (October 29, 1017 – October 5, 1056), called the Black, was a member of the Salian (sometimes Franconian) dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors. ... Events The Synod of Rathbreasail marked the transition of the Irish church from a monastic to a diocesan one Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Paschal II Baldwin VII becomes Count of Flanders Births Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester (died 1171) Andrei Bogolyubsky, prince of Vladimir... Paschal II, né Ranierius (born in Bleda, near Forlì, Romagna - d. ... Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, (1081 – May 23, 1125) was the fourth and last ruler of the Salian dynasty. ... The Blessed Eugene III, né Bernardo Pignatelli (d. ... Innocent IV, born Sinibaldo de Fieschi (Genoa, 1180/90 – Naples, December 7, 1254), Pope from 1243 to 1254, belonged to the feudal nobility of Liguria, the Fieschi, counts of Lavagna. ...

The city saw the struggles between Guelphs and Ghibellines. In 1433 the condottiero Niccolò Fortebraccio set fire to the city, which, from that point onward declined in favour of Ronciglione. The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting, respectively, the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy during the 12th and 13th centuries. ... Ronciglione is a city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio (central Italy), c. ...

Main sights

There are some remains of the ancient city walls of rectangular blocks of tufa on the southern side of the town, and some rock-cut sewers in the cliffs below them.

The cathedral, of Romanesque origin, is largely modern: of the medieval edifice the belltower (1207) and the crypt, from the Lombard period, with seven naves divided by twenty columns of different origin. A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Anglican, Catholic and some Lutheran churches, which serves as the central church of a diocese, and thus as a bishops seat. ... Crypt is also a commonly used name of water trumpets, aquatic plants. ...

In the cliffs opposite the town on the south is the rock-cut church of the Madonna del Parto, developed out of one of the numerous Etruscan tombs of the area (according to some scholars, it was a mytraeum).

The most striking edifice is the rock-hewn amphitheatre of the Roman period, one of the most suggestive monuments of the ancient Lazio. Of elliptical plan, it measures c. 49 x 40 meters. The name amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is given to a public building of the Classical period (being particularly associated with ancient Rome) which was used for spectator sports, games and displays. ... The Roman Forum was the central area around which ancient Rome developed. ...

References

The book Pasquale's Nose: Idle Days in an Italian Town by Michael Rips [1] is an account of the author's time in Sutri.

External link

• George Dennis on Sutri

Lazio · Communes of the province of Viterbo

Acquapendente | Arlena di Castro | Bagnoregio | Barbarano Romano | Bassano Romano | Bassano in Teverina | Blera | Bolsena | Bomarzo | Calcata | Canepina | Canino | Capodimonte | Capranica | Caprarola | Carbognano | Castel Sant'Elia | Castiglione in Teverina | Celleno | Cellere | Civita Castellana | Civitella d'Agliano | Corchiano | Fabrica di Roma | Faleria | Farnese | Gallese | Gradoli | Graffignano | Grotte di Castro | Ischia di Castro | Latera | Lubriano | Marta | Montalto di Castro | Monte Romano | Montefiascone | Monterosi | Nepi | Onano | Oriolo Romano | Orte | Piansano | Proceno | Ronciglione | San Lorenzo Nuovo | Soriano nel Cimino | Sutri | Tarquinia | Tessennano | Tuscania | Valentano | Vallerano | Vasanello | Vejano | Vetralla | Vignanello | Villa San Giovanni in Tuscia | Viterbo | Vitorchiano Image File history File links Provincia_di_Viterbo-Stemma. ... Latium (now Lazio in Italian) is a region of central Italy, bordered by Tuscany, Umbria, Abruzzo, Molise, Campania and the Tyrrhenian Sea. ... Viterbo (It. ... A city and historical diocese in Italy. ... Bassano Romano is a town and commune in the province of Viterbo, in northern Lazio (Italy). ... Bieda is a small town in Italy near Rome. ... Bolsena is a town and comune of Italy, in the province of Viterbo in northern Lazio, 43°39N 11°59E, at 350 meters (1148 ft) above sea-level on the eastern shore of Lake Bolsena. ... Bomarzo is a town and comune of Viterbo province (Lazio, central Italy), in the lower valley of the Tiber at 42°29′N 12°15′E, 263 m (863 ft) above mean sea level, with 1609 inhabitants according to the 2003 census. ... Canino, a town and comune of Italy, in the province of Viterbo in northern Lazio, 42° 27 54 0 Nord 11° 45 7 56 Est, at 229 meters above sea-level in the internal part of Maremma. ... Caprarola is a small village of grey stone houses approximately 35 miles from Rome. ... Civita Castellana (anc. ... Corchiano, community in the province of Viterbo. ... Latera is a small town and comune in the Province of Viterbo, Italy. ... Montefiascone, also Mons Faliscus, is a town and titular see of the province of Viterbo, Italy, built on a hill (2,077 ft. ... Nepi (anciently Nepet or Nepete) is a town and comune in Italy in the province of Viterbo, region of Latium. ... Ronciglione is a city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio (central Italy), c. ... San Lorenzo Nuovo is a city in the province of Viterbo, in Lazio (Italy). ... Tarquinia, formerly Corneto and in Antiquity Tarquinii, is an ancient city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. ... Tuscania is a town and comune in the Province of Viterbo, Latium Region, Italy. ... Valentano is a town and comune of the central Italian (province of Viterbo), 42°34N 11°50E, at 538 m (1765 ft) above sea-level, with 2900 inhabitants as of the 2001 census. ... The castello of Vetralla in a fresco in the Palazzo dei Priori, Vetralla The Italian comune of Vetralla, in the Province of Viterbo, which city lies 13 km to the north, is a hill town on a shoulder of Monte Fogliano, which has conserved much of its walling and medieval... Viterbo is an ancient city and comune in the Lazio region of central Italy, the capital of Viterbo province. ...