Swede (turnip /neep in Scotland) is also the British name for what the Americans call rutabaga. Diagram showing the geographical locations of selected languages and dialects of the British Isles. ... American English or U.S. English is the diverse form of the English language used mostly in the United States of America. ... Binomial name Brassica napobrassica The rutabaga or swede (Brassica napobrassica) is a root vegetable, closely related to the cabbage and the turnip. ...

The Swedes are a people of Germanic origin, having their primarily geographical location on the eastern side of the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Identification, or the identity, as Swedes are today resting on a variety of factors, where Swedish language, Swedish heritage, Swedish descendance and Swedish citizenship may be used as criteria. The term Germanic peoples may refer to: the Germanic tribes that in the first millennium were seen as a barbarian threat by the Roman Empire and its successors; the Germanic Christianity that in the second millennium came to dominate much of Northern Europe, politically organized in the Holy Roman Empire... The Scandinavian Peninsula is a peninsula located at the northwest corner of Europe and encloses the Baltic Sea. ... Northern Europe is a name for the northern part of the European continent. ... Swedish (svenska  listen?) is a Scandinavian language language spoken predominantly in Sweden, Finland and Åland by over 8 million native speakers. ... Heritage can refer to: Inheritance Kinship and descent This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Depending on the context, Swedes can for instance refer to:

1. citizens of Sweden
2. Ethnic Swedes
3. inhabitants of the autonomous Åland Islands (under sovereignty of Finland), some of whom may designate themselves as Finland-Swedes
4. members of the Finland-Swedish minority in mainland Finland, some of whom may designate themselves as ethnic Swedes
5. members of the Estonia-Swedish minority
6. The Suiones, an ancient Germanic tribe, sometimes named Svear in academic works, at the roots of the Swedish statehood, and contemporary with the Geats and the Goths in Scandinavia. Note: in modern Scandinavian, but not in Icelandic, there is a distinction between svenskar and svear (as between danskar (Danes) and Daner), since the latter term does not include the Geats and the Gotlanders and other populations whose descendants are part of the present population of Sweden.

Citizenship is membership in a political community (originally a city but now a state), and carries with it rights to political participation; a person having such membership is a citizen. ... National motto: ? Official language Swedish Capital Mariehamn Governor Peter Lindbäck Premier Roger Nordlund Total Area  - Land  - Water 6,784 km² 1,527 km² 5,258 km² Population  - Total (2002)  - Density 26,257 17. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme authority over a geographic region or group of people, such as a nation or a tribe. ... The Republic of Finland (Finnish: Suomen tasavalta, Swedish: Republiken Finland) is a Nordic country in northeastern Europe, bordered by the Baltic Sea to the southwest, the Gulf of Finland to the southeast and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west. ... Finland-Swedish is a variety of Swedish. ... Mainland Finland (Manner-Suomi or Fasta Finland) is a term used for instance in statistics to exclude the autonomous Åland Islands under Finnish sovereignty. ... Suiones, Swedes, Svíar or Svear, were an ancient Germanic tribe in Scandinavia. ... The term Germanic peoples may refer to: the Germanic tribes that in the first millennium were seen as a barbarian threat by the Roman Empire and its successors; the Germanic Christianity that in the second millennium came to dominate much of Northern Europe, politically organized in the Holy Roman Empire... Suiones, Swedes, Svíar or Svear, were an ancient Germanic tribe in Scandinavia. ... Geats (Gautar Old Norse or Götar in Swedish) is the Old English spelling of the name of a Scandinavian people living in Götaland, land of the Geats, currently within the borders of modern Sweden. ... This article is about the Germanic tribes. ... Scandinavia is the cultural and historic region of the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... A North Germanic language is any of several Germanic languages spoken in Scandinavia, parts of Finland and on the islands west of Scandinavia. ... Icelandic may mean: Of or from or pertaining to Iceland The Icelandic language The Icelandic horse breed This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Danish nation is a concept closely connected to 19th century ethnic nationalism. ... The Daner were an ancient North Germanic tribe residing in Terra Scania and on the Danish islands. ... Geats (Gautar Old Norse or Götar in Swedish) is the Old English spelling of the name of a Scandinavian people living in Götaland, land of the Geats, currently within the borders of modern Sweden. ... Gotland is the largest island in the Baltic Sea. ...

Ethnic Swedes

The notion of ethnic Swedes is controversial, and especially the Swedish and Finnish views contradict each other. The usage in English does not necessarily reflect the usage in Sweden and Finland, or in Swedish and Finnish.

In an English language context, the concept of Ethnic Swedes may be used for:

• People of Swedish heritage, typically immigrants to the Americas
• Minorities outside of Sweden with Swedish mother tongue, who however might not designate themselves as "ethnically Swedish"
  • the inhabitants of the culturally and linguistically Swedish Åland Islands
  • the Swedes living in the Estonian islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa (Estonia-Swedes)
  • the Swedes living in Gammalsvenskby (Old Swedish Village) in Ukraine.
  • The 265,000 Finland-Swedes in Mainland Finland.

In Sweden, the connotation of Swede, when used without qualifications, is often a person who is The Americas (sometimes referred to as America) is the area including the land mass located between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, generally divided into North America and South America. ... First language (native language, mother tongue, or vernacular) is the language a person learns first. ... National motto: ? Official language Swedish Capital Mariehamn Governor Peter Lindbäck Premier Roger Nordlund Total Area  - Land  - Water 6,784 km² 1,527 km² 5,258 km² Population  - Total (2002)  - Density 26,257 17. ... The Republic of Estonia is a country in Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the north. ... Map of the Estonian archipelago (Saaremaa and Hiiumaa) Saaremaa (Swedish and German Ösel) is the largest island belonging to Estonia. ... Hiiumaa (Swedish Dagö) is the second largest island belonging to Estonia. ... Gammalsvenskby (Old Swedish Village), or Verbivka, is a part of the village Zmijevka in Khersonska oblast, Ukraine which has a Swedish cultural heritage. ... Ukraine (Україна, Ukrayina in Ukrainian; Украина in Russian) is a republic in eastern Europe which borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest and the Black Sea to the south. ... Finland-Swedish is a variety of Swedish. ... Mainland Finland (Manner-Suomi or Fasta Finland) is a term used for instance in statistics to exclude the autonomous Åland Islands under Finnish sovereignty. ...

• a citizen of Sweden,
• living in Sweden, and
• born by Swedish parents.

Not all Swedes would agree with such a usage. Immigrants and their offspring may by some persons be denoted as Swedes, particularly if their Swedish is flawlessly without foreign accent or if they are prominent industrialists or sportsmen and they appear assimilated in the Swedish culture. In the sociology, assimilation is the process of integration whereby immigrants, or other minority groups, are absorbed into a generally larger community. ...

In a Swedish mindset, the concept of ethnic Swedes is used chiefly in the following contexts:

• To distinguish "Swedish citizens" who are naturalized immigrants, but not indistinguishably assimilated, from the other Swedes.
• To distinguish, typically in school settings, pupils of immigrant heritage from them without.

In addition to this is ethnic Swedes sometimes used to include, besides the ethnic Swedes living in Sweden,

• the Swedish speaking minority living in Finland (the Finland-Swedes) and Åland,
• the Swedish speaking minority living in Estonia (Estonia-Swedes) and
• the Swedish speaking minority living in Gammalsvenskby (Old Swedish Village) in Ukraine.

Some of the Estonia-Swedes and Ukraine-Swedes don't speak Swedish any more, but may yet be considered being ethnic Swedes (cf Ethnic German). In a nationalist context, the ethnic Swedes living outside Sweden are sometimes called "East-Swedes" (in Swedish östsvenskar), to distinguish them from the ethnic Swedes living in Sweden proper, called rikssvenskar or västsvenskar ("Western-Swedes"), reflecting irredentist sentiments. The Republic of Finland (Finnish: Suomen tasavalta, Swedish: Republiken Finland) is a Nordic country in northeastern Europe, bordered by the Baltic Sea to the southwest, the Gulf of Finland to the southeast and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west. ... Finland-Swedish is a variety of Swedish. ... National motto: ? Official language Swedish Capital Mariehamn Governor Peter Lindbäck Premier Roger Nordlund Total Area  - Land  - Water 6,784 km² 1,527 km² 5,258 km² Population  - Total (2002)  - Density 26,257 17. ... The Republic of Estonia is a country in Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the north. ... Ukraine (Україна, Ukrayina in Ukrainian; Украина in Russian) is a republic in eastern Europe which borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest and the Black Sea to the south. ... Ethnic Germans (usually simply called Germans, in German Volksdeutsche) are those who are considered, by themselves or others, to be ethnically German rather than anything else but who do not live within the Federal Republic of Germany nor hold its citizenship. ... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... Swedish (svenska  listen?) is a Scandinavian language language spoken predominantly in Sweden, Finland and Åland by over 8 million native speakers. ... Irredentism is claiming a right to territories belonging to another state on the grounds of common ethnicity and/or prior historical possession, actual or alleged. ...

However, in Sweden people typically refer to their ethnic identity, not as Swedes but rather to their sub-national ethnic identity, such as Dalecarlian, which orignates from the historical Provinces of Sweden. Dalecarlia, or Dalarna, is a historical Province or landskap in the west of middle Sweden. ... The provinces or landskap were the subdivision of Sweden until 1634, when they were replaced by counties in a reform, led by Axel Oxenstierna, that still remains in force in Sweden proper. ...

Swedish speakers outside Sweden

The Finland-Swedes form an important minority group in Finland, about 265,000, comprising 5.10% of the population of Mainland Finland or 5.55%[1]  (http://www.stat.fi/tk/tp/tasku/taskue_vaesto.html) if the 26,000 inhabitants of Åland are included (there are also about 60,000 Finland-Swedes that have moved to Sweden). In the coastal areas where they historically have comprised the majority of the population they have lived longer than the Finnish speakers, making them the aboriginals of these areas. Finland-Swedish is a variety of Swedish. ... In sociology and in voting theory, a minority is a sub-group that is outnumbered by persons who do not belong to it. ... Mainland Finland (Manner-Suomi or Fasta Finland) is a term used for instance in statistics to exclude the autonomous Åland Islands under Finnish sovereignty. ... National motto: ? Official language Swedish Capital Mariehamn Governor Peter Lindbäck Premier Roger Nordlund Total Area  - Land  - Water 6,784 km² 1,527 km² 5,258 km² Population  - Total (2002)  - Density 26,257 17. ...

A Swedish minority has also existed in Estonia (Estonia-Swedes) at least since the Viking Age. There were about 12,000 in 1563. Estonia was under Swedish rule 1558–1721, after which the territory was ceded to Russia after the treaty of Nystad. In 1781 1,300 Estonia-Swedes, living at Dagö, were forcibly moved to Ukraine by Catherine II of Russia, where they formed Gammalsvenskby (Old Swedish Village). At the census in Estonia 1934 there were 7,641 Estonia-Swedes (Swedish speaking, 0.7 % of the population in Estonia), making Swedes the third largest national minority, after Russians and Germans. During World War II most Estonia-Swedes fled to Sweden. Today there are maybe a few hundred Estonia-Swedes living in Estonia and a few hundred in Ukraine. The Republic of Estonia is a country in Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the north. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Events February 18 - The Duke of Guise is assassinated while besieging Orléans March - Peace of Amboise. ... Events January 7 - French troops led by Francis, Duke of Guise take Calais, the last continental possession of England July 13 - France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines. ... Events Pope Innocent XIII becomes pope Johann Sebastian Bach composes the Brandenburg Concertos April 4 - Robert Walpole becomes the first prime minister of Britain September 10 - Treaty of Nystad is signed, bringing an end to the Great Northern War November 2 - Peter I is proclaimed Emperor of All the Russias... The Treaty of Nystad (1721), signed at the present-day Finnish town of Uusikaupunki (Swedish Nystad), ended the Great Northern War, in which Russia received the territories of Estonia, Livonia and Ingria, as well as much of Karelia and Tsar Peter I of Russia replaced King Frederick I of Sweden... Events January 5 - American Revolutionary War: Richmond, Virginia is burned by British naval forces led by Benedict Arnold. ... Hiiumaa (Swedish Dagö) is the second largest island belonging to Estonia. ... Ukraine (Україна, Ukrayina in Ukrainian; Украина in Russian) is a republic in eastern Europe which borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest and the Black Sea to the south. ... H.I.M. Ekaterina II Aleksejevna the Great, Empress and Autocrat of all the Russias Catherine II (Екатерина Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on... Gammalsvenskby (Old Swedish Village), or Verbivka, is a part of the village Zmijevka in Khersonska oblast, Ukraine which has a Swedish cultural heritage. ... In sociology and in voting theory, a minority is a sub-group that forms less than half of the population. ...

New-Swedes

New-Swedes, or Nysvenskar in Swedish, is a term used in Swedish society and currently fashionable in public debate, to denote 20th century immigrants and their offspring, particularly those of southern-European and non-European descent. Critics of this usage do however object to it as an exaggerated political correctness or alternatively as disguised racism, pointing out that this usage ignores roughly a third of the immigrants that originates in Finland, Denmark, Norway, Poland and Germany. Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Political correctness is the alteration of language to redress real or alleged injustices and discrimination or to avoid offense. ... An African-American drinks out of a water fountain marked for colored in 1939 at a street car terminal in Oklahoma City. ... The Republic of Finland (Finnish: Suomen tasavalta, Swedish: Republiken Finland) is a Nordic country in northeastern Europe, bordered by the Baltic Sea to the southwest, the Gulf of Finland to the southeast and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west. ... The Kingdom of Denmark is geographically the smallest Nordic country and is part of the European Union. ... Norway - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and...

In a school-yard context, in our day's Sweden, Swedes do typically refer to ethnic Swedes contrasting to those pupils who identify themselves as immigrants – or of immigrant heritage. Many second and third generation immigrants have experienced how being born in Sweden is not sufficient to escape discrimination. A family name or physical looks that hints at low-status immigrant ancestry can be a critical disadvantage. Also Finland-Swedish immigrants to Sweden have experienced how they first and foremost are perceived as immigrants from Finland and not as Swedes by both authorities, neighbours and colleagues. To discriminate is to make a distinction. ...

See also

• Lands of Sweden