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Encyclopedia > Swine influenza
Flu

Swine Flu refers to a subset of Orthomyxoviridae that create influenza in pigs and are endemic in pigs. This is not a phylogenetics based taxonomic category. Image File history File links Flu_und_legende_color_c. ... Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease that infects birds and mammals (primarily of the upper airways and lungs in mammals) and is caused by an RNA virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family (the influenza viruses). ... Flu season is mostly a colloquial term used to describe the regular outbreak in flu cases, or even cases of the common cold during the late fall or winter. ... Model of Influenza Virus from NIH The flu vaccine is a vaccine to protect against the highly variable influenza virus. ... This article is about flu treatment in humans for mild human flu, which includes both efforts to reduce symptoms and to battle the flu virus itself. ... For the current concern about the transmission of an avian flu to humans see Transmission and infection of H5N1. ... See Epidemiology of WHO-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) infection. ... Flu research includes molecular virology, pathogenesis, host immune responses, and epidemiology. ... Genera Influenzavirus A Influenzavirus B Influenzavirus C Isavirus Thogotovirus The Orthomyxoviridae are a family of RNA viruses which infect vertebrates. ... Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease that infects birds and mammals (primarily of the upper airways and lungs in mammals) and is caused by an RNA virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family (the influenza viruses). ... Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 The domestic pig is usually given the scientific name Sus scrofa, though some authors call it , reserving for the wild boar. ... In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic in a population when that infection is maintained in the population without the need for external inputs. ... In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: phylon = tribe, race and genetikos = relative to birth, from genesis = birth) is the study of evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms (e. ... Taxonomy (from Greek ταξινομία from the words taxis = order and nomos = law) may refer to either a hierarchical classification of things, or the principles underlying the classification. ...


The species of Orthomyxoviridae that can cause flu in pigs are Influenza A virus and Influenza C virus but not all genotypes of these two species infect pigs. Genera Influenzavirus A Influenzavirus B Influenzavirus C Isavirus Thogotovirus The Orthomyxoviridae are a family of RNA viruses which infect vertebrates. ... Influenzavirus A is a genus of a family of viruses called Orthomyxoviridae in virus classification. ... Influenzavirus C is a genus in the virus family Orthomyxoviridae. ...


The known subtypes of Influenza A virus that create influenza in pigs and are endemic in pigs are H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2. [1] Influenzavirus A is a genus of a family of viruses called Orthomyxoviridae in virus classification. ... Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease that infects birds and mammals (primarily of the upper airways and lungs in mammals) and is caused by an RNA virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family (the influenza viruses). ... Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 The domestic pig is usually given the scientific name Sus scrofa, though some authors call it , reserving for the wild boar. ... In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic in a population when that infection is maintained in the population without the need for external inputs. ... H1N1 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu virus). ... H1N2 is a subtype of the species avian influenza virus (bird flu virus) currently endemic in both human and pig populations. ... H3N2 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu virus). ...


A H1N1 shift crossed over to humans in the early part of the 20th century, causing the Spanish Flu pandemic, which killed up to 50 million people. The death toll was particularly high among young, healthy adults. H1N1 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu virus). ... The Spanish Flu Pandemic (less misleadingly called the 1918 flu pandemic) was a pandemic in 1918 and 1919 caused by an unusually severe and deadly strain of the subtype H1N1 of the species Influenza A virus (which apparently killed via cytokine storm, explaining the severe nature and unusual age distribution). ... A pandemic (from Greek pan all + demos people) is an epidemic (an outbreak of an infectious disease) that spreads worldwide, or at least across a large region. ...

Contents

The U.S. swine flu scare of 1976

On February 5, 1976, an army recruit at Fort Dix said he felt tired and weak. He died the next day and four of his fellow soldiers were later hospitalized. Two weeks after his death, health officials announced that swine flu was the cause of death. Alarmed public-health officials decided that action must be taken to head off a major pandemic, and they urged that every person in the U.S. be vaccinated for the disease. President Gerald Ford was confronted with a potential swine flu pandemic. The vaccination program was plagued by delays and public relations problems, but about 24% of the population was vaccinated by the time the program was cancelled. [2] February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Fort Dix is a census-designated place located in Burlington County, New Jersey. ... A pandemic (from Greek pan all + demos people) is an epidemic (an outbreak of an infectious disease) that spreads worldwide, or at least across a large region. ... Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. ... Vaccination is the process of administering weakened or dead pathogens to a healthy person or animal, with the intent of conferring immunity against a targeted form of a related disease agent. ...


The vaccine was blamed for 25 deaths (more people died from the vaccine than died from the swine flu itself) and a small, but statistically significant, rise in the incidence of a rare illness called Guillain-Barré syndrome, or GBS. [2] Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), is an acquired immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system (i. ...


See also

Avian influenza (also known as bird flu) is a type of influenza virulent in birds. ... Canine influenza or dog flu refers to varieties of influenzavirus A that affect dogs. ... Horse flu (or Equine influenza) refers to varieties of influenzavirus A that are endemic in horses. ... Human Flu refers to a subset of Orthomyxoviridae that create influenza in humans and are endemic in humans. ...

Sources

  1. ^ Swine Diseases (Chest) - Swine Influenza, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine
  2. ^ a b The Sky is Falling: An Analysis of the Swine Flu Affair of 1976

Fountain of Four Seasons by Christian Petersen with the Campanile in the background Iowa State University (ISU) is a public land-grant and space-grant university located in Ames, Iowa. ...

Further reading


  Results from FactBites:
 
Swine Flu Epidemics (3835 words)
In 1976, due to an outbreak of influenza at Fort Dix, New Jersey, the United States set a precedent in immunology by attempting to vaccinate the entire population of the country against the possibility of a swine-type Influenza A epidemic.
The biological similarity between the influenza at Fort Dix and the swine flu of 1918 was one of the biggest factors in determining the course of action to be taken at that point.
The influenza virus is globular in shape, and is approximately 100 nanometers in diameter.
Swine influenza: a zoonosis - (c) Veterinary Sciences Tomorrow (6958 words)
Swine influenza was first observed in 1918 at the time of the human pandemic and the virus was isolated and identified in 1930 by Shope ([33]; Table 2).
Swine influenza is a zoonosis for which pigs may act as an intermediate host and 'mixing vessel' for genetic reassortment between human and avian viruses [32].
Kaplan, M.M. and Webster, R.G. (1977) The epidemiology of influenza.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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