 The elaborate patterns on the wings of butterflies are one example of bilateral symmetry. Symmetry in biology is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes. The body plans of most multicellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry, either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry. A small minority exhibit no symmetry (are asymmetric). brief description: Common Buckeye Butterfly Photograph taken on 1 May 2002 by Peter Craig placed in public domain by photographer This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
brief description: Common Buckeye Butterfly Photograph taken on 1 May 2002 by Peter Craig placed in public domain by photographer This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
Superfamilies and families Superfamily Hedyloidea: Hedylidae Superfamily Hesperioidea: Hesperiidae Superfamily Papilionoidea: Papilionidae Pieridae Nymphalidae Lycaenidae Riodinidae A butterfly is an insect of the order Lepidoptera. ...
Wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite stained to highlight the nuclei of all cells Multicellular organisms are organisms consisting of more than one cell, and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions. ...
Sphere symmetry group o. ...
In nature and biology, symmetry is approximate. For example, plant leaves, while considered symmetric, will rarely match up exactly when folded in half. This article is about the physical universe. ...
For the song by Girls Aloud see Biology (song) Biology studies the variety of life (clockwise from top-left) E. coli, tree fern, gazelle, Goliath beetle Biology (from Greek: βίος, bio, life; and λόγος, logos, speech lit. ...
Radial symmetry
These organisms resemble a pie where several cutting planes produce roughly identical pieces. An organism with radial symmetry exhibits no left or right sides. They have a top and a bottom (dorsal and ventral surface) only. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2276x3244, 2258 KB) HOOP The 49th plate from Ernst Haeckels Kunstformen der Natur of 1904, showing various sea anemones classified as Actiniae. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2276x3244, 2258 KB) HOOP The 49th plate from Ernst Haeckels Kunstformen der Natur of 1904, showing various sea anemones classified as Actiniae. ...
Photographic plates were one of the earliest forms of photographic film, in which a light-sensitive emulsion of silver salts was applied to a glass plate. ...
Ernst Haeckel. ...
The 8th print, Discomedusae. ...
This article is about the mathematical construct. ...
In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. ...
Animals Most radially symmetric animals are symmetrical about an axis extending from the center of the oral surface, which contains the mouth, to the center of the opposite, or aboral, end. This type of symmetry is especially suitable for sessile animals such as the sea anemone, floating animals such as jellyfish, and slow moving organisms such as starfish (see special forms of radial symmetry). Animals in the phyla cnidaria and echinodermata exhibit radial symmetry (although many sea anemones and some corals exhibit bilateral symmetry defined by a single structure, the siphonoglyph) (see Willmer, 1990). Look up sessile in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Families Many, see text. ...
Bold text For other uses, see Jellyfish (disambiguation). ...
Orders Brisingida (100 species[1]) Forcipulatida (300 species[2]) Paxillosida (255 species[3]) Notomyotida (75 species[4]) Spinulosida (120 species[5]) Valvatida (695 species[6]) Velatida (200 species[7]) For other uses, see Starfish (disambiguation). ...
Subphylum/Classes[1] Anthozoa — corals and sea anemones Medusozoa:[2] Cubozoa — sea wasps or box jellyfish Hydrozoa — hydroids, hydra-like animals Polypodiozoa Scyphozoa — jellyfish Staurozoa — stalked jellyfish unranked: Myxozoa - parasites Cnidaria[3] (IPA: [4]) is a phylum containing some 11,000 species of apparently simple animals found exclusively in aquatic...
Classes Subphylum Homalozoa Gill & Caster, 1960 Class Homostelea Class Homoiostelea Class Stylophora Gill & Caster, 1960 Class Ctenocystoidea Robison & Sprinkle, 1969 Subphylum Crinozoa Class Eocrinoidea Jaekel, 1899 Class Paracrinoidea Regnéll, 1945 Class Cystoidea von Buch, 1846 Class Blastoidea Class Crinoidea Subphylum Asterozoa Class Ophiuroidea Class Asteroidea Subphylum Echinozoa Helicoplacoidea †?Arkarua...
Plants Many flowers are radially symmetric (also known as actinomorphic). Roughly identical petals, sepals, and stamen occur at regular intervals around the center of the flower. For other uses, see Flower (disambiguation). ...
A petal is one member or part of the corolla of a flower. ...
It has been suggested that Corolla be merged into this article or section. ...
Flower of the Primrose Willowherb (Ludwigia octovalvis) showing petals and sepals A sepal is one member or part of the calyx of a flower. ...
Stamens of the Amaryllis with prominent anthers carrying pollen Insects, while collecting nectar, unintentionally transfer pollen from one flower to another, bringing about pollination The stamen (from Latin stamen meaning thread of the warp) is the male organ of a flower. ...
Special forms of radial symmetry
Tetramerism Many jellyfish have four canals and thus exhibit tetramerous radial symmetry. This form of radial symmetry means it can be divided into 4 equal parts. Bold text For other uses, see Jellyfish (disambiguation). ...
Pentamerism This variant of radial symmetry (also called pentaradial and pentagonal symmetry) arranges roughly equal parts around a central axis at orientations of 72° apart. Members of the phyla echinodermata (such as starfish and sea urchins) have parts arranged around the axis of the mouth in five equal sectors. Being bilaterian animals however, they initially develop biradially as larvae, then gain pentaradial symmetry later on. The radiolarians demonstrate a remarkable array of pentamerism forms. Examples include the Pentaspheridae, the Pentinastrum group of general in the Euchitoniidae, and Cicorrhegma (Circoporidae). Classes Asteroidea Concentricycloidea Crinoidea Echinoidea Holothuroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoderms (Echinodermata) is a phylum of marine animals found in the ocean at all depths. ...
Orders Forcipulatida Paxillosida Notomyotida Spinulosida Valvatida Velatida Brisingida Starfish redirects here. ...
Subclasses Subclass Perischoechinoidea Order Cidaroida (pencil urchins) Subclass Euechinoidea Superorder Atelostomata Order Cassiduloida Order Spatangoida (heart urchins) Superorder Diadematacea Order Diadematoida Order Echinothurioida Order Pedinoida Superorder Echinacea Order Arbacioida Order Echinoida Order Phymosomatoida Order Salenioida Order Temnopleuroida Superorder Gnathostomata Order Clypeasteroida (sand dollars) Order Holectypoida Wikispecies has information related to...
Illustration of the different types of symmetry of Life Forms On Earth. ...
Classes Polycystinea Acantharea Sticholonchea Radiolarians (also radiolaria) are amoeboid protozoa that produce intricate mineral skeletons, typically with a central capsule dividing the cell into inner and outer portions, called endoplasm and ectoplasm. ...
 Apple cut horizontally, showing pentamerism Flowering plants demonstrate symmetry of five more frequently than any other form. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (875x868, 98 KB) picture made by myself: Sterappel dwarsdoorsnede File links The following pages link to this file: Apple ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (875x868, 98 KB) picture made by myself: Sterappel dwarsdoorsnede File links The following pages link to this file: Apple ...
Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. ...
Around 1510–1516 A.D., Leonardo da Vinci determined that in many plants a sixth leaf stands above the first. This arrangement later became known as 2/5 phyllotaxy, a system where repetitions of five leaves occur in two turns of the axis. This is the most common of all patterns of leaf arrangement. “Da Vinci†redirects here. ...
In botany, phyllotaxis is the arrangement of the leaves on the shoot of a plant. ...
Various fruits also demonstrate pentamerism, a good example of which is seen in the arrangement of the seed carpels in an apple. Amaryllis style and stigmas A carpel is the outer, often visible part of the female reproductive organ of a flower; the basic unit of the gynoecium. ...
Hexamerism and octamerism Corals and sea anemones (class Anthozoa) are divided into two groups based on their symmetry. The most common corals in the subclass Hexacorallia have a hexameric body plan; their polyps have sixfold internal symmetry and the number of their tentacles is a multiple of six. Extant Subclasses and Orders Alcyonaria Alcyonacea Helioporacea Zoantharia Antipatharia Corallimorpharia Scleractinia Zoanthidea [1][2] See Anthozoa for details For other uses, see Coral (disambiguation). ...
Families Many, see text. ...
Anthozoa is a class within the phylum Cnidaria that contains the sea anemones and corals. ...
Families Epizoanthidae Parazoanthidae Zoanthidae Zoanthids (order Zoanthidea) are a type of soft coral commonly found in coral reefs all around the world. ...
Anatomy of a coral polyp. ...
Tentacles can refer to the elongated flexible organs that are present in some animals, especially invertebrates, and sometimes to the hairs of the leaves of some insectivorous plants. ...
Corals belonging to the subclass Octocorallia have polyps with eight tentacles and octameric radial symmetry. Alcyonaria (also known as Octocorallia, as they have 8-fold symmetry) is a subclass of the class Anthozoa within the phylum Cnidaria. ...
Bilateral symmetry
 A leaf showing bilateral symmetry. In bilateral symmetry (also called plane symmetry), only one plane, called the sagittal plane, will divide an organism into roughly mirror image halves (with respect to external appearance only, see situs solitus). Thus there is approximate reflection symmetry. Often the two halves can meaningfully be referred to as the right and left halves, e.g. in the case of an animal with a main direction of motion in the plane of symmetry. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 158 KB) Leaf1. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 158 KB) Leaf1. ...
Look up foliage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The sagittal plane of the human body is an imaginary plane that travels from the top to the bottom of the body, down the midline. ...
A mirror image is a mirror based duplicate of a single image. ...
Situs solitus (Latin for customary position) refers to a normal pattern of lateral asymmetry in the human. ...
Figures with the axes of symmetry drawn in. ...
Animals Most animals are bilaterally symmetric, including humans (see also facial symmetry), and belong to the group Bilateria. The oldest known bilateral animal is the Vernanimalcula. Most bilateral animals have an identical shape on either side, as if cut by a mirror. Facial symmetry is one of a number of traits associated with health, physical attractiveness and beauty of a person or animal. ...
Illustration of the different types of symmetry of Life Forms On Earth. ...
The oldest known examples of a bilaterian, bilateral animals. ...
Bilateral symmetry permits streamlining, favors the formation of a central nerve center, contributes to cephalization, and promotes actively moving organisms. Bilateral symmetry is an aspect of both chordates and vertebrates. Look up streamline in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Plants Flowers such as members of the orchid and pea families are bilaterally symmetrical (also perversely known as zygomorphic). The leaves of most plants are also bilaterally symmetrical. Orchid redirects here. ...
Binomial name L. Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ...
A petal is one member or part of the corolla of a flower. ...
Asymmetry The notable exception among animals is the phylum Porifera (sponges) which have no symmetry. For other uses, see phyla. ...
For other uses, see Sponge (disambiguation). ...
See also Floral symmetry refers to whether, and how, a flower can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts. ...
An x-ray of a hand with a supernumerary digit (polydactyly). ...
References - Fact Monster
- Heads, Michael. "Principia Botanica: Croizat's Contribution to Botany." Tuatara 27.1 (1984): 26-48.
- Zoology a website by the Monaco educational service
- Willmer, P. G. (1990). Invertebrate Relationships : Patterns in Animal Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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