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Encyclopedia > Synthetic polymer

Synthetic polymers are often referred to as "plastics", such as the well-known polyethylene and nylon. However, most of them can be classified in at least three main categories: thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers. A polymer is a long, repeating chain of atoms, formed through the linkage of many molecules called monomers. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers research group at DuPont. ... A thermoplastic is a material that is plastic or deformable, melts to a liquid when heated and freezes to a brittle, glassy state when cooled sufficiently. ... Thermosetting plastics (thermosets) refer to a range of polymer materials that cure, through the addition of energy, to a stronger form. ... The term elastomer is often used interchangeably with the term rubber, and is preferred when referring to vulcanisates. ...


Man-made polymers are dhsafkjlhgsflain a bewildering array of applications: food packaging, films, fibers, tubing, pipes, etc. The personal care industry also uses polymers to aid in texture of products, binding, and moisture retention (e.g. in hair gel and conditioners). Fiber or fibre[1] is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to lengths of thread. ... A strand of human hair under magnification Hair is also the name of a musical, see respective articles for the stage production and the movie. ... In optical filters and theatrical lighting a color gel is a transparent or translucent colored panel used to change the color of transmitted light. ...


Examples

A non-exhaustive list of these ubiquitous materials includes:

Monomers in ABS polymer Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, or ABS, (chemical formula (C8H8· C4H6·C3H3N)n is a common thermoplastic used to make light, rigid, molded products such as piping, golf club heads (used for its good shock absorbance), automotive body parts, wheel covers, enclosures, protective head gear, and toys including... Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers research group at DuPont. ... Polybutadiene is a synthetic rubber that has a high resistance to wear and is used especially in the manufacture of tires. ... Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a plastic that is used as an insulator in the electrical and electronics industries. ... Polycarbonates are a particular group of thermoplastic polyesters. ... This article is about the resin. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) are polymers composed of repeating subunits of identical structure, called monomers, and are the most commercially important polyethers. ... Polyethylene terephthalate (aka PET, PETE or the obsolete PETP or PET-P) is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family that produced by the chemical industry and is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. ... Polyimide (sometimes abbreviated PI) is a polymer of imide monomers. ... Polypropylene lid of a Tic Tacs box, with a living hinge and the resin identification code under its flap Micrograph of polypropylene Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, made by the chemical industry and used in a wide variety of applications, including food packaging, textiles, plastic parts and... Teflon is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a polymer of fluorinated ethylene. ... Polystyrene is a polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon that is commercially manufactured from petroleum by the chemical industry. ... Polytrimethylene terephthalate, or PTT, has been a commercially available polymer for nearly 50 years. ... A polyurethane is any polymer consisting of a chain of organic units joined by urethane links. ... Vinyl siding Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely-used plastic. ... PVDF, or PolyVinylidine DiFluoride, is a highly non-reactive and pure thermoplastic fluoropolymer. ... PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone, povidone, polyvidone) is a water-soluble polymer made from the monomer N-vinyl pyrrolidone: // Registry Numbers and Synonyms CAS Number: 9003-39-8 Merck 13, 7783 MFCD: MFCD00149016 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidoinone homopolymer (IUPAC); Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)ethylene]; polyvidone; polyvinylpyrrolidone; PVP; 1-vinyl-2...

Brand names

These polymers are often better known through their brand names, for instance:

Chemical structure of Kevlar. ... Chemical structure of Kevlar. ... Aramid fiber (1961) is a fire-resistant and strong synthetic fiber. ... Technora is the brandname of Teijin Twaron for a aromatic copolyamid. ... Aramid fiber (1961) is a fire-resistant and strong synthetic fiber. ... Kynar is the Arkema trade name for polyvinylidene fluoride, a fluorocarbon material typically used as insulation for wire-wrap wire. ... PVDF, or PolyVinylidine DiFluoride, is a highly non-reactive and pure thermoplastic fluoropolymer. ... Mylar is a trade name of DuPont Teijin Films of Hopewell, VA, United States, for biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BOPET) polyester film used for its high tensile strength, chemical and dimensional stability, transparency, and electrical insulation. ... Polyethylene terephthalate (aka PET, PETE or the obsolete PETP or PET-P) is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family that produced by the chemical industry and is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. ... Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers research group at DuPont. ... Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers research group at DuPont. ... Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers research group at DuPont. ... Teflon is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a polymer of fluorinated ethylene. ... Teflon is the brand name of a polymer compound discovered by Roy J. Plunkett (1910-1994) of DuPont in 1938 and introduced as a commercial product in 1946. ... Ultem is a family of polyimide thermoplastic resins, of type amorphous polyetherimide. ... Polyimide (sometimes abbreviated PI) is a polymer of imide monomers. ... Vectran is a manufactured fibre, spun from a liquid crystal polymer created by Celanese Acetate LLC. These fibres are noted for thermal stability at high temperatures, high strength, and good chemical stability. ... A polyamide is a polymer containing monomers joined by peptide bonds. ... Viton® is a synthetic rubber and fluoropolymer elastomer commanly used in o-rings. ... Viton® is a synthetic rubber and fluoropolymer elastomer commanly used in o-rings. ... poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) Zylon is a trademarked name for a range of thermoset polyurethane materials manufactured by the Toyobo Corporation. ... poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) Zylon is a trademarked name for a range of thermoset polyurethane materials manufactured by the Toyobo Corporation. ...

See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Synthetic polymer composition having enhanced antistatic properties - Patent 4024205 (2882 words)
The synthetic polymers prepared in accordance with the subject invention may be in the form of fibers, films, filaments, molded objects and coatings.
Although antistatic agents are efficacious with the polymers hereinbefore defined, owing to the peculiar nature of the synthetic polyester polymers, it is somewhat disadvantageous to introduce into a polyester melt any remaining unreacted hydroxyl groups.
Thus, to render the antistatic agents particularly useful with polyester polymers, and to minimize interaction with the polyester, it is contemplated that the polymeric antistatic agent composition hereof be subsequently reacted with an aromatic carboxylic acid or an ester thereof.
MALDI of Synthetic Polymers (916 words)
The capability of this technique in the analysis of synthetic polymers had lagged behind, due to the unique chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of these materials.
The solubility of matrix and polymers in the same solvent is critical for polymer analysis.
Polymers of group 4 are soluble in solvents that are not compatible with matrix materials.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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