There are millions of possible objects that can be described in science, too many to create common names for every one. As a response, a number of systems of systematic names have been created. In science, a common name is any name by which a species or other concept is known that is not the official scientific name. ...

These can be as simple as assigning a prefix and a number to each object (in which case they are a sort of catalog reference), or as complex as encoding the complete structure of the object in the name. Many systems combine some information about the named object with an extra sequence number to make it into a unique identifier. There are various forms of catalog or catalogue, each organized registers of some set of objects. ...

• Systematic names for chemical elements and chemical compounds (administered by the IUPAC)
• Systematic names for biological organisms, initiated by Carolus Linnaeus: see scientific classification and binomial name
• Systematic names for asteroids, comets, stars and other astronomical objects (administered by the International Astronomical Union)
• Systematic names for genes, proteins, and other objects of molecular biology

Systematic names often co-exist with earlier common names assigned before the creation of any systematic naming system. For example, many common chemicals are still referred to by their common names, even by chemists. A chemical element, often called simply element, is the class of atoms which contain the same number of protons. ... A chemical compound is a chemical substance formed from two or more elements, with a fixed ratio determining the composition. ... The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to the advancement of chemistry. ... Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné ▶(?), and in English usually under the Latinized name Carolus Linnaeus (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is a standard convention used for naming species. ... An asteroid is a small, solid object in our Solar System, orbiting the Sun. ... Photo of the comet Hale-Bopp above a tree. ... The Pleiades star cluster A star is a massive body of plasma in outer space that is currently producing or has produced energy through nuclear fusion. ... Logo of the IAU The International Astronomical Union (IAU) unites national astronomical societies from around the world. ... This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level. ...

See also

• Name
• Nomenclature
• Binomial nomenclature
• Namespace
• IUPAC nomenclature

A name is a label for a thing, person, place, product (as in a brand name) and even an idea or concept, normally used to distinguish one from another. ... Nomenclature is a system of naming and categorizing objects in a given category. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature refers to the formal method of naming species. ... In general, a namespace is an abstract container, which is or could be filled by names, or technical terms, or words, and these represent (stand for) real-world things. ... IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic way of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). ...

External links

• Naming organic compounds
• Selected pages from IUPAC rules for naming inorganic compounds

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