Table of selected pistol and rifle cartridges by year.
See also:
Legend:
Lead or RNL (Round nose lead) FMJ (Full metal jacket) JHP (Jacketed hollow point) JSP (Jacketed Soft Point) FWC (Full wadcutter) SWC (Semi wadcutter) (note: Metallic cartridge ammunition only)
Name Date Nation Metric Comments .44 Smith & Wesson 1869 USA - - .45-70 Government - USA - One of the oldest centerfire cartridges still in existence .32 Smith & Wesson 1870 USA - - .44-40 Winchester 1873 USA - .427 .45 Colt 1873 USA 11.43 × 23 mm - .45 Long Colt 1873 USA - for both pistol and rifle .32-20 Winchester 1882 USA - - .38-55 Winchester 1884 USA - - .30-400 Krag - USA - - .38 Long Colt - USA - - 7.92 × 57 mm Mauser 1888 Germany 7.92 x 57 mm - 7.62 x 54R 1891 Russia 7.62 x 54 mm Rimmed .303 British 1892 Britain 7.7 x 56 mm Rimmed 7 × 57 mm Mauser 1892 Germany 7 × 57 mm - 8 × 57 mm Mauser - Germany 8 × 57 mm - 6.5 × 55 mm 1895 Sweden 6.5 × 55 mm - .30-30 Winchester 1895 USA - First smokeless cartridge designed for big game hunting 6.5 × 50 mm 1897 Japan 6.5 × 50 mm - 7.65 mm Browning 1899 Belgium - .32 ACP 7.65 mm Parabellum 1900 Germany - Also .30 Luger .32 Smith & Wesson Long 1901 USA - long .32 S&W 9 mm Luger 1902 Germany 9 × 19 mm AKA 9 mm Parabellum .177 - - - - .38 Special 1902 USA - - .45 ACP 1905 USA - Automatic Colt Pistol .32 Winchester 1905 USA - - .35 Remington 1906 USA - - .25 ACP 1906 - 6.35 mm - .30-06 Springfield 1906 USA - - .470 Nitro Express 1907 Britain - Joseph Lang short .30–03, .30 M2 - - - - .44 Special 1908 USA - - 9 mm Browning Short 1912 Belgium - also called .380 Automatic 250-3000 1915 USA - 3000 ft/s .300 Savage 1920 USA - - .270 Winchester 1925 USA - - .38 Super Auto 1929 USA - - .22 Hornet 1930 USA - .223, 5.6 mm 7.92 SD 1934 Poland 7,92 x 107 mm Used for kbk ppanc wz.35 anti-tank rifle .357 Magnum 1935 USA - Long .38 Special .220 Swift 1935 USA - - .348 Winchester 1936 USA - - 7.9 mm Kurz 1938 Germany - - .218 Bee 1938 USA - - 10 mm auto 1938 - - - 7.7 × 58 mm 1939 Japan - - .30 M1 Carbine 1940 USA 7.62 × 33 mm - 7.62 x 39 mm 1943 USSR - .311 from 7.9 mm Kurz .222 Remington 1950 USA - - 7.62 x 51 mm 1950 USA - NATO (1953), T65 .308 .454 Casull 1954 USA - Long .45 Colt .308 Winchester 1955 USA - Civilian 7.62 mm NATO .44 Remington Magnum 1955 USA - Long .44 Special .223 Remington 1955 USA - Long .222 Remington .243 Winchester 1955 USA - 6 mm, from .308 .458 Winchester Magnum 1956 USA - - .280 Remington 1957 USA - from .30-06 .460 Weatherby Magnum - USA - - 5.56 × 45 mm 1960 USA - - .223 - - - - .256 Magnum 1962 USA - formed from .357 Magnum 7mm Remington Magnum 1962 USA - - .300 Winchester Magnum 1963 USA - - .41 Magnum 1964 USA - - .444 Marlin 1964 USA - long .44 Magnum, .429 .22-250 Remington 1965 USA - Varminter .44 AMP 1971 USA - .429 .30 Herritt 1973 USA - short .30-30 Winchester 5.45 x 39 mm 1974 USSR - AK-74, .215 .22 PPC 1974 USA - - 6 mm PPC 1975 USA - from .22 PPC, .243 6.5 mm JDJ 1978 USA - From .225 case .45 Winchester Magnum 1979 USA - long .45 ACP 5.56mm SS–109 1979 Belgium - NATO (1980), 2nd gen. 7mm –08 Remington 1980 USA - - .32 Harrington & Richardson 1984 USA - long .32 S&W Long .41 AE 1986 USA - Action Express .416 Remington Magnum 1988 USA - - .50 AE 1988 USA - for IMI Desert Eagle .40 Smith & Wesson 1990 USA - - 5.7 mm SS190 1990 Belgium 5.7 x 28 mm PDW — Defeats Class IIIA body armour .307 Winchester 1992 USA - - .224-BOZ - Britain - 5.56 × 23 mm, in 10 mm case .357 SIG 1994 Germany/USA - 40 S&W necked down to 9 mm 450 Marlin 2000 USA - Derived from 45–70 Govt. 480 Ruger 2001 USA - Derived from 475 Linebaugh .300 WSM 2001 USA - Winchester Short Magnum .270 WSM 2002 USA - Winchester Short Magnum 7 mm WSM 2002 USA - Winchester Short Magnum .223 WSSM 2003 USA - Winchester Super Short Magnum .243 WSSM 2003 USA - Winchester Super Short Magnum .45 GAP 2003 Austria - GLOCK Automatic Pistol .500 S&W Magnum 2003 USA - - .45-110 Sharps - USA - "The Legendary Sharp" .204 Ruger 2004 USA - .25 WSSM 2004 USA - Winchester Super Short Magnum .325 WSM 2005 USA - Winchester Short Magnum
Results from FactBites:
Pistol - LoveToKnow 1911 (4806 words)
Pistols with metal hafts were common in the 16th and 17th centuries, many beautiful specimens of which, silver-mounted, were made in Edinburgh and used by Highlanders. Single-barrelled pistols , chambered for the 22 or 297/230 calibre cartridges , with a barrel of from 6 to io in. Automatic pistols are so constructed that the force of the recoil is utilized to open the breech, extract the empty case, cock the pistol , reload the chamber with the top cartridge from the magazine, and close the breech, leaving the pistol ready to fire on again pressing the trigger.
Rifle - LoveToKnow 1911 (10956 words)
Gas-operated rifles , like the Hotchkiss and Colt machine guns, have fixed barrels and are worked by a portion of the powder-gases which is allowed to escape from the barrel through a small hole near the muzzle, thence entering a cylinder and working a piston in connexion with the breech mechanism. In both rifles , on the left side of the stock, is a long-distance sight (graduated to 2800 yds.), which consists of an aperture sight near the bolt and a dial and movable pointer near the hand-guard. Rifles of r2-bore gauge, firing a spherical ball, were subsequently made, with broad and shallow grooves making one turn in ro ft. The bullet, of the same diameter as the bore, was loaded with a thin patch that took the grooving.
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