NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Tabula recta

In cryptography, the tabula recta is a square table of alphabets, each one made by shifting the previous one to the left. The term was invented by Johannes Trithemius in 1518. Image File history File links Vigenere square / tabula recta. ... Image File history File links Vigenere square / tabula recta. ... See also: Topics in cryptography The security of all practical encryption schemes remains unproven, both for symmetric and asymmetric schemes. ... Polygraphia (1518) — the first printed book on cryptography. ... Events A plague of tropical fire ants devastates crops on Hispaniola. ...

Trithemius used the tabula recta to define a polyalphabetic cipher which was equivalent to Leon Battista Alberti's cipher disk. The tabula recta is often referred to in discussing pre-computer ciphers, including the Vigenère cipher and Blaise de Vigenère's less well-known (but much stronger) autokey cipher. All polyalphabetic ciphers based on Caesar ciphers can be described in terms of the tabula recta. A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. ... Leone Battista Alberti (February 1404 - 25th April 1472), Italian painter, poet, linguist, philosopher, cryptographer, musician, architect, and general Renaissance polymath . ... The VigenÃ¨re cipher is named for Blaise de VigenÃ¨re (pictured), although the cipher had been invented earlier by Giovan Batista Belaso. ... VigenÃ¨re can be: Blaise de VigenÃ¨re, a 16th-century French cryptographer The VigenÃ¨re cipher, a cipher whose invention was later misattributed to VigenÃ¨re This is a disambiguation page â€” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... An autokey cipher, or self-synchronizing stream cipher, is a cipher which incorporates the message (the plaintext) into the key. ... The action of a Caesar cipher is to move each letter a number of places down the alphabet. ...

In order to encrypt a plaintext, one locates the row with the first letter to be encrypted, and the column with the first letter of the key. The letter where the line and column cross is the ciphertext letter.

Categories: Cryptography In cryptography, the ADFGVX cipher was a field cipher used by the German Army during World War I. ADFGVX was in fact an extension of an earlier cipher called ADFGX. Invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel and introduced in March 1918, the cipher was a fractionating transposition cipher which combined a... The Affine cipher is a special case of the more general substitution cipher. ... Atbash is a simple substitution cipher in Hebrew. ... An autokey cipher, or self-synchronizing stream cipher, is a cipher which incorporates the message (the plaintext) into the key. ... In classical cryptography, the bifid cipher is a cipher which combines the Polybius square with transposition, and uses fractionation to achieve diffusion. ... A book cipher is a cipher in which the key is the identity of a book. ... The action of a Caesar cipher is to move each letter a number of places down the alphabet. ... The Four-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. ... Hills cipher machine, from figure 4 of the patent In classical cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra. ... In classical cryptography, a permutation cipher is a transposition cipher in which the key is a permutation. ... The Pigpen Cipher is a simple substitution cipher exchanging letters for symbols, using a grid. ... The Playfair system was invented by Charles Wheatstone, first described in 1854. ... A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. ... The Reihenschieber was a hand cipher system used by Germany. ... In classical cryptography, the runnning key cipher is a type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher in which a text, typically from a book, is used to provide a very long key stream. ... In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are substituted with ciphertext according to a regular system; the units may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth. ... In classical cryptography, a transposition cipher changes one character from the plaintext to another (to decrypt the reverse is done). ... In classical cryptography, the trifid cipher is a cipher invented around 1901 by Felix Delastelle, which extends the concept of the bifid cipher to a third dimension, allowing each symbol to be fractionated into 3 elements instead of two. ... The Two-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. ... The VigenÃ¨re cipher is named for Blaise de VigenÃ¨re (pictured), although the cipher had been invented earlier by Giovan Batista Belaso. ... In mathematics, physics and signal processing, frequency analysis is a method to decompose a function, wave, or signal into its frequency components so that it is possible to have the frequency spectrum. ... In cryptography, coincidence counting is the technique (invented by William F. Friedman) of putting two texts side-by-side and counting the number of times that a letter appears next to itself in both copies. ... A cryptogram is a type of word puzzle popularly printed in some newspapers and magazines. ... In cryptography, the Polybius square is a device invented by the Ancient Greek historian and scholar Polybius, described in Hist. ... This article is about the encryption device; for the Dune character, see Scytale (Dune). ... In cryptography, a straddling checkerboard is a device for converting an alphabetic plaintext into digits whilst simultaneously achieving fractionation (a simple form of information diffusion) and homophony (a simple method for suppressing peaks of the frequency distribution). ...