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A tachograph is a device that combines the functions of a clock and a speedometer. Fitted to a motor vehicle, a tachograph records the vehicle's speed and the length of time that it is moving or stationary. The mechanical tachograph writes on a round piece of paper which constantly turns throughout the work day. The marker moves nearer to or further from the center according to the driving speed. An entire rotation encompasses 24 hours. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x780, 175 KB) Beispiel einer beschriebenen Tachoscheibe File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Tachograph ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x780, 175 KB) Beispiel einer beschriebenen Tachoscheibe File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Tachograph ...
For other uses, see Clock (disambiguation). ...
Speedometer gauge on a car, showing the speed of the vehicle in miles and kilometres per hour on the out– and inside respectively. ...
The hour (symbol: h) is a unit of time. ...
Analogue tachographs record the driver’s periods of duty on a waxed paper disc. However, these are vulnerable to tampering, and so are being replaced by digital tachographs which record data on smart cards. A digital system is one that uses discrete values (often electrical voltages), especially those representable as binary numbers, or non-numeric symbols such as letters or icons, for input, processing, transmission, storage, or display, rather than a continuous spectrum of values (ie, as in an analog system). ...
Smart card used for health insurance in France. ...
Tachographs are also used as an European Union Control Device, and are also used in the maritime world. Rules for this are made by the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine. The Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine, or CCNR (French: Commission Centrale pour la Navigation du Rhin) is the worlds oldest international organization. ...
Regulations
For reasons of public safety, many jurisdictions have limits on the working hours of drivers of certain vehicles, such as buses and trucks. A tachograph can be used to monitor this and ensure that appropriate breaks are taken. For other uses, see Bus (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Truck (disambiguation). ...
In Germany The Verkehrs-Sicherungs-Gesetz (German Traffic Safety Law) of December 19, 1952, made tachographs mandatory in Germany for all commercial vehicles weighing over 7.5 tons. Since March 23rd and December 23rd 1953, all new commercial vehicles and buses must be equipped with the device per law StVZO § 57a. is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Tachographs are mandatory for vehicles allowed to carry a total weight of over 3.5 tons and vehicles built to carry at least 9 passengers, if the vehicle is used for commercial purposes. They are used to review the driving and rest time of drivers during reviews by traffic standards organizations or accident investigation. A driver must carry the tachograph records with him for all days of the current week and the last day of the previous week that he drove. Companies must keep the records for 1 year. In Germany, § 16 of the work time regulations lengthens this time to 2 years if the records will be used as proof of work time.
In EU EEC regulation 3821/85[1] from December 20, 1985 made tachographs mandatory throughout the EEC as of September 29, 1986. A "European arrangement in regard to the work of driving personnel engaged in international traffic" (AETR) became effective on July 31, 1985. == The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ...
is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the year. ...
is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ...
is the 212th day of the year (213th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the year. ...
Tampering Tachographs can be tampered with in various ways, such as slightly twisting the marker, blocking the path of the arm with a piece of rubber or foam, and short-circuiting the unit for short periods. Replacing the (older analogue) tachographs power supply voltage with a blown fuse to stop operation completely thus recording no information whatsoever. Also the old "forgetting to insert" when beginning the drive and unauthorized changing of the discs are known throughout Europe.
Ghosting is another common trick when false driver information is entered onto a second chart to give the appearance that there is a second driver present in the cab for long distance runs that cannot be completed within a single driver's daily driving period.
Accident investigation Apart from enforcing regulations, tachographs are often used in Germany to investigate and punish speeding. This practice was approved by the German high regional court in the 1990s. Also, after an accident, the discs are often examined with a microscope to discover the events that took place at a collision site. Robert Hookes microscope (1665) - an engineered device used to study living systems. ...
Digital tachograph Digital tachographs make tampering much more difficult through, for example, the vehicle sending signals in an encrypted manner. EU regulation 1360/2002 makes digital tachographs mandatory for all vehicles described in the above section Regulations and made after August 1, 2005. Digital tachographs would be required as of May 1, 2006 for all new vehicles for which EWG regulation VO(EWG)3820/85 applies, as is published in the official newsletter of the European Union L102 from April 11, 2006. But this law was dismissed and converted to a national law. The EU regulation is as of March 29, 2006, and is still in negotiation and has not yet been announced. Only after its announcement will it go into effect in Europe.[citation needed]Digital tachographs have been implemented in Mexico since 1994, but this is not a federal regulation. The last implementations developed in Mexico have GPS capabilities such as mapping, altitude and location-activated video triggering. A digital system is one that uses discrete values (often electrical voltages), especially those representable as binary numbers, or non-numeric symbols such as letters or icons, for input, processing, transmission, storage, or display, rather than a continuous spectrum of values (ie, as in an analog system). ...
Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar). ...
Over fifty GPS satellites such as this NAVSTAR have been launched since 1978. ...
Origins The tachograph was originally introduced for the railroads so that companies could better document irregularities. The inventor was Max Maria von Weber, an administrative official, engineer and author. The Hasler Event recorder was introduced in the 1920s. This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ...
Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Authorship redirects here. ...
Hassler (also Haßler, Häßler, Hässler, Hasler, ...) is a surname of Swiss origin. ...
Event Recorder (Black Box) Event Recorders are similar to the black boxes found on transport airliners. ...
Controversy Tachographs are being phased out in favour of electronic log books which record data digitally on a smart card. Tachographs have been surrounded by controversy since they were first used in the 1930’s by Hitler’s Germany as a result of trade union pressure.
The case against tachographs When the use of tachographs was imposed by the European Union on its member states in the 1980s, governments and operating companies were opposed on the grounds that tachographs were expensive and unnecessary, and contributed nothing to road safety. Domestic hours regulations were replaced by European regulations which were complicated. It was doubtful whether strict enforcement of these regulations would reduce driver fatigue since they were not based on scientific evidence.
Drivers and their trade unions initially opposed the use of tachographs because they feared that employers would examine the records and reduce the driver's pay for any time stopped, even if the stop was for a good reason, such as checking the vehicle or going to the toilet. This would encourage tired drivers to continue driving rather than rest, and encourage drivers to exceed speed limits in order to reach their destination within the required time.
In some countries, fines to foreign drivers are imposed on the spot, and the drivers may not leave until the fine is paid. In other countries, the driver is required to pay within a time limit. Since collection of fines does not work over the borders, a foreign driver can throw away the demand documents, making the tachograph system less meaningful. The EU is negotiating a system where fines received in an EU country are payable in the home country.
The case for tachographs Today operators see tachographs as levellers -- devices which prevent unfair competition from companies who force their drivers to work excessive hours. Trade unions and drivers also now favour tachographs for this reason and records are often used in tribunals as proof when claiming for unpaid work. See Levellers (disambiguation) for alternative meanings. ...
Tachographs are also useful after an accident to help establish the cause and corroborate eye witness accounts. Trade unions take a dim view of anyone who exceeds speed limits or permitted hours.
Fears that it is easy to falsify readings by tampering with tachographs have been allayed, since it is relatively easy to spot such attempts.
See also A taximeter is a mechanical or electronic device installed in taxicabs, similar to an odometer, which calculates passenger fares based on a combination of distance travelled and waiting time. ...
Tachometer showing engine RPM (revolutions per minute), and a redline from 6000 and 7000 RPM. A tachometer is an instrument that measures the speed of rotation of a shaft or disk, as in a motor or other machine. ...
A modern non-digital odometer A Smiths speedometer from the 1920s showing odometer and trip meter An odometer is a device used for indicating distance traveled by an automobile or other vehicle. ...
An Event Data Recorder or EDR, is a device installed in some automobiles used to record information related to accidents. ...
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