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Encyclopedia > Tag cloud
A tag cloud with terms related to Web 2.0
A tag cloud with terms related to Web 2.0

A tag cloud or word cloud (or weighted list in visual design) is a visual depiction of user-generated tags, or simply the word content of a site, used typically to describe the content of web sites. Tags are usually single words and are typically listed alphabetically, and the importance of a tag is shown with font size or color. [1] Thus both finding a tag by alphabet and by popularity is possible. The tags are usually hyperlinks that lead to a collection of items that are associated with a tag. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A Tag cloud (constructed by Markus Angermeier) 1 presenting some of the themes of Web 2. ... For a proposal for tagging in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats#MediaWiki issues A tag cloud with terms related to Web 2. ...

Contents

Definition

A word cloud of the content of this article.
A word cloud of the content of this article.

A tag cloud is a set of related tags with corresponding weights. Typical tag clouds have between 30 and 150 tags. The weights are represented using font sizes or other visual clues. Meanwhile, histograms or pie charts are most commonly used to represent approximately a dozen different weights. Hence, tag clouds can represent many more weights, though less accurately so. Also, frequently, tag clouds are interactive: tags are hyperlinks typically allowing the user to drill down on the data. For a proposal for tagging in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats#MediaWiki issues A tag cloud with terms related to Web 2. ... Pie chart of populations of English native speakers A pie chart (or a circle graph) is a circular chart divided into sectors, illustrating relative magnitudes or frequencies or percents. ... Data drilling (also drill-down) refers to any of various operations and transformations on tabular, relational, and multidimensional data. ...


History

The first use of tag clouds on a high-profile website was on the photo sharing site Flickr, created by Flickr co-founder and interaction designer Stewart Butterfield.[2] That implementation was based[citation needed] on Jim Flanagan's Search Referral Zeitgeist,[3] a visualization of Web site referrers. Tag clouds have also been popularized by Del.icio.us and Technorati, among others. Flickr is a photo sharing website and web services suite, and an online community platform, which is generally considered an early example of a Web 2. ... Stewart Butterfield Stewart Butterfield (born 1973) is Candian-born entrepreneur and businessman. ... The website del. ... Technorati is an Internet search engine for searching blogs, competing with Google, Yahoo and IceRocket. ...


The first published appearance of a tag cloud (or at least a weighted list) can be attributed to the "subconscious files" in Douglas Coupland's Microserfs (1995). In Lester Leaps Out, the Welsh poet Doug Lang uses the same logic of weighted texts to create a graphical word-map of jazz music. The poem appears in his book, Magic Fire Chevrolet(1980). Douglas Coupland (born December 30, 1961) is a major Canadian fiction writer as well as a playwright and visual artist. ... Microserfs, published by HarperCollins in 1995, is a novel by Douglas Coupland. ...


Types

A data cloud showing the population of each of the world's countries. Color visually separates the countries, font size indicates 2007 population.
A data cloud showing the population of each of the world's countries. Color visually separates the countries, font size indicates 2007 population.

There are three main types of tag cloud applications in social software, distinguished by their meaning rather than appearance. In the first type, there is a tag cloud for each item whereas in the second type, we have global tag clouds where the frequencies are aggregated over all items and users. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1700x628, 63 KB) Summary Map of countries by population as listed on wikipedia:List of countries by population, using User:Astrokey44s version of User:Aris Katsariss version of User:E Pluribus Anthonys version of User:Vardions world... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1700x628, 63 KB) Summary Map of countries by population as listed on wikipedia:List of countries by population, using User:Astrokey44s version of User:Aris Katsariss version of User:E Pluribus Anthonys version of User:Vardions world... This article is about computer software. ...


In the first type, size represents the number of times that tag has been applied to a single item.[4] This is useful as a means of displaying metadata about an item that has been democratically 'voted' on and where precise results are not desired. A good example of this is Last.fm, which uses this method as a means of displaying the genre with which an artist or track has been tagged. Metadata is data about data. ... For other uses, see Democracy (disambiguation) and Democratic Party. ... Last. ...


In the second, more commonly used type, size represents the number of items to which a tag has been applied, as a presentation of each tag's popularity. Examples of this type of tag cloud are used on the image-hosting service Flickr and the blog aggregator Technorati. Look up popularity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up image in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Web hosting is a service that provides Internet users with online systems for storing information, images, video, or any content accessible via the web. ... Flickr is a photo sharing website and web services suite, and an online community platform, which is generally considered an early example of a Web 2. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... In computing, a feed aggregator, also known as a feed reader, news reader or simply as an aggregator, is client software or a Web application which aggregates syndicated web content such as news headlines, blogs, podcasts, and vlogs in a single location for easy viewing. ... Technorati is an Internet search engine for searching blogs, competing with Google, Yahoo and IceRocket. ...


In the third type, tags are used as a categorization method for content items. Tags are represented in a cloud where larger tags represent the quantity of content items in that category.


More generally, the same visual technique can be used to display non-tag data[5], as in a word cloud or a data cloud.


Visual appearance

A data cloud showing stock price movement. Color indicates positive or negative change, font size indicates percentage change.
A data cloud showing stock price movement. Color indicates positive or negative change, font size indicates percentage change.

Tag clouds are typically represented using inline HTML elements. APML (Attention Profiling Markup Language) is often used to store and import/export Tag Clouds. The tags can appear in alphabetical order, in a random order, they can be sorted by weight, and so on. Some prefer to cluster the tags semantically[6][7] so that similar tags will appear near each other. Heuristics can be used to reduce the size of the tag cloud whether or not we are trying to cluster the tags.[7] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 292 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 467 pixel, file size: 24 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 292 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 467 pixel, file size: 24 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... For heuristics in computer science, see heuristic (computer science) Heuristic is the art and science of discovery and invention. ...


Data clouds

A data cloud is a data display which uses font size and/or color to indicate numerical values[8] It is similar to a tag cloud[9] but instead of word count, displays data such as population or stock market prices. A stock market or (equity market) is a private or public market for the trading of company stock and derivatives of company stock at an agreed price; both of these are securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. ...


See also

... A folksonomy is a user-generated taxonomy used to categorize and retrieve web content such as Web pages, photographs and Web links, using open-ended labels called tags. ... Social bookmarking is a way for Internet users to store, organize, share and search bookmarks of web pages. ... For a proposal for tagging in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats#MediaWiki issues A tag cloud with terms related to Web 2. ...

Sites that use tag clouds

The website del. ... Flickr is a photo sharing website and web services suite, and an online community platform, which is generally considered an early example of a Web 2. ... Stumbling redirects here. ... Technorati is an Internet search engine for searching blogs, competing with Google, Yahoo and IceRocket. ... The Pirate Bay (often abbreviated TPB) is a website that bills itself as the worlds largest BitTorrent tracker and also serves as an index for . ...

References

  1. ^ Martin Halvey and Mark T. Keane, An Assessment of Tag Presentation Techniques, poster presentation at WWW 2007, 2007
  2. ^ Paul Bausch, Jim Bumgardner (2006). "Make a Flickr-Style Tag Cloud", Flickr Hacks. O'Reilly Press. ISBN 0596102453. 
  3. ^ A copy of Jim Flanagan's Search Referral Zeitgeist was available at archive.org but has since been blocked. In the comments of a blog entry, a user identified as Steve Minutillo attribute the idea to Jim Flanagan, stating that Flanagan's site had such displays in 2002.
  4. ^ Bielenberg, K. and Zacher, M., Groups in Social Software: Utilizing Tagging to Integrate Individual Contexts for Social Navigation, Masters Thesis submitted to the Program of Digital Media, Unisersitat Bremen (2006)
  5. ^ Kamel Aouiche, Daniel Lemire, Robert Godin, Collaborative OLAP with Tag Clouds: Web 2.0 OLAP Formalism and Experimental Evaluation, WEBIST 2008, 2008.
  6. ^ Hassan-Montero, Y., Herrero-Solana, V. Improving Tag-Clouds as Visual Information Retrieval Interfaces
  7. ^ a b Owen Kaser and Daniel Lemire, Tag-Cloud Drawing: Algorithms for Cloud Visualization, Tagging and Metadata for Social Information Organization (WWW 2007), 2007
  8. ^ Apel, Warren. ManyEyes Visualization and Commentary: World Population Data Cloud.. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
  9. ^ Wattenberg, Martin. ManyEyes Visualization: Ad cloud. Retrieved on 2007-03-12.

Programming Perl is a classic OReilly book. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Tag cloud examples

  • State of the Union clouds - word clouds of words used in U.S. presidential addresses through history
  • LibraryThing - tag cloud of socially-catalogued books
  • [1] - data cloud showing world population in 2007

Tag cloud tools

  • Tag Cloud Tutorial - How to make a tag cloud in PHP, MySQL and CSS
  • zeitcode_doc - Archive of Jim Flanagan's Zeitgeist.pm module and documentation
  • Design tips for building tag clouds - software development guide from O'Reilly's ONLamp
  • PHP Tag Cloud Tutorial - A tutorial on how to create a non-database and database tag cloud using PHP
  • PHP Image Clouds - PHP Classes for creating Image Clouds
  • ASP.Net example - Tag cloud algorithm for ASP.Net applications
  • mediawiki extension - Tag cloud for mediawiki
  • Wordle - Tag cloud generator with all clouds released under Creative Commons licensing
The Creative Commons (CC) is a non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative work available for others legally to build upon and share. ...

  Results from FactBites:
 
Tagclouds (545 words)
Selecting a single tag within a tag cloud will generally lead to a collection of items that are associated with that tag.
Also, frequently, tag clouds are interactive: tags are hyperlinks typically allowing the user to drill down on the data.
Tags are represented in a cloud where larger tags represent the quantity of content items in that category.
TagCloudPlugin < Plugins < TWiki (996 words)
A Tag Cloud is a text-based depiction of tags across a body of content to show frequency of tag usage and enable topic browsing.
Tag clouds are quite common in blog archives where you can click on a tag in the cloud and list all postings that are tagged that way.
Tag clouds can be generated on any list of terms that don't need to be "tags" in the more stricter sense, though the name of the figure is still "tag cloud".
  More results at FactBites »


 

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