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Tai chi chuan (traditional Chinese: 太極拳; simplified Chinese: 太极拳; pinyin: tàijíquán; Wade-Giles: t'ai4 chi2 ch'üan2) is an internal Chinese martial art. Tai chi is typically practised for a variety of reasons: its soft martial techniques, demonstration competitions, health and longevity. Consequently, there exist a multitude of training forms, both traditional and modern, which correspond to those aims. Some of Tai chi chuan's training forms are well known to Westerners as the slow motion routines that groups of people practice together every morning in parks around the world, particularly in China. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Yang Chengfu, 1933 Yang Chengfu (Hanyu Pinyin), or Yang Cheng-fu (Wade-Giles) ( 楊澄甫, 1883-1936) is historically considered the best known teacher of the soft style martial art of Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan). ...
Yang Cheng-fu in the Yang styles version of the form known as Single Whip å–®éž Yang family style (楊æ°) Tai Chi Chuan in its many variations is the most popular and widely practised style in the world today and the second in terms of seniority among the...
Yang Chengfu in a single whip posture circa 1918 Single Whip (å–®éž dÄn biÄn) is a common posture found in most forms of Tai Chi Chuan. ...
Year 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Hybrid martial arts (also known as hybrid fighting systems) refer to martial arts or fighting systems that incorporate techniques and theories from several particular martial arts. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ...
Tao Yin (Chinese: 導引; pinyin: guide and pull) exercises were an ancient precursor of qigong, specifically practised in Chinese Taoist monasteries for health and spiritual cultivation, attested from at least 500 BC. Tao Yin is also said to be (along with Shaolin Chuan) a primary formative ingredient in the martial...
Image File history File links Zhongwen. ...
The UTF-8-encoded Japanese Wikipedia article for mojibake, as displayed in ISO-8859-1 encoding. ...
Japanese name Kanji: Hiragana: Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Vietnamese name Quốc ngữ: Hán tự: A Chinese character or Han character (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a logogram used in writing Chinese, Japanese, rarely Korean, and formerly Vietnamese. ...
Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ...
Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ...
Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ...
Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ...
NèijiÄ (Chinese: 內家; Pinyin: nèi jÄ«a; Wade-Giles: nei4 chia1) denotes the internal or soft styles of Chinese martial arts, as opposed to wà ijiÄ (外家; external family), the external or hard styles, which are associated with Shaolinquan and its many derivatives. ...
Kung fu redirects here. ...
Taijitu, the traditional symbol representing the forces of Yin and Yang. ...
Longevity is a term that generally refers to long life or great duration of life.[1] Reflections on longevity have usually gone beyond acknowledging the basic shortness of human life and have included thinking about methods to extend life. ...
List of Tai Chi Chuan forms, postures, movements, or positions in order of number of forms: 4 - Chen 4 Step is a subset of Chen Old Frame One (Grandmaster Zhu Tian Cai) 8 - Yang Standardized 8 - Chen Standardized 9 - Chen Old Frame (Master Liu Yong) 10 - Yang 12 - Yang 13...
Today, tai chi has spread worldwide. Most modern styles of tai chi trace their development to at least one of the five traditional schools: Chen, Yang, Wu/Hao, Wu and Sun. Who actually created tai chi is a subject of much argument and speculation. However, the oldest documented tradition is that of the Chen family from the 1820s.[1][2] 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
Overview The Mandarin term "t'ai chi ch'uan" literally translates as "supreme ultimate fist" or "boundless fist," or "great extremes boxing". The concept of the "supreme ultimate" appears in both Taoist and Confucian Chinese philosophy where it represents the fusion of Yin and Yang into a single ultimate represented by the Taijitu symbol. Thus, tai chi theory and practice evolved in agreement with many of the principles of Chinese philosophy including both Taoism and Confucianism. Tai chi training first and foremost involves learning solo routines, known as forms (套路 taolu). While the image of tai chi chuan in popular culture is typified by exceedingly slow movement, many tai chi styles (including the three most popular, Yang, Wu and Chen) have secondary forms of a faster pace. Some traditional schools of tai chi taught partner exercises known as pushing hands, and martial applications of the postures of the form. This article is on all of the Northern and Southwestern Chinese dialects. ...
A commonly used version of the Taijitu The Taijitu of Zhou Dun-yi. ...
Yin Yang symbol and Ba gua paved in a clearing outside of Nanning City, Guangxi province, China. ...
Taoism (or Daoism) is the English name referring to a variety of related Chinese philosophical traditions and concepts. ...
A Confucian temple in Wuwei, Peoples Republic of China. ...
Yang Cheng-fu in the Yang styles version of the form known as Single Whip å–®éž Yang family style (楊æ°) Tai Chi Chuan in its many variations is the most popular and widely practised style in the world today and the second in terms of seniority among the...
Wu Chien-chuan in the Wu styles version of the posture Cloud Hands 雲手 The Wu family style (å³æ° or å³å®¶) tai chi chuan (taijiquan) of Wu Chuan-yü (Wu Quanyou) and Wu Chien-chüan (Wu Jianquan) is the second most popular form of tai chi...
The Chen family style (é™ˆæ° Chen shi taijiquan) is the oldest and parent form of the five main tai chi chuan styles. ...
For other uses of the term, see Pushing Hands Pushing hands, (推手, Wade-Giles tui1 shou3, pinyin tuī shǒu), is a name for two-person training routines practiced in internal Chinese martial arts such as Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang), Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan), Tai Chi Chuan...
 A Yang style teacher corrects his student's form Tai chi chuan is generally classified as a form of traditional Chinese martial arts of the Neijia (soft or internal) branch. It is considered a soft style martial art — an art applied with internal power — to distinguish its theory and application from that of the hard martial art styles.[3] Kung fu redirects here. ...
NèijiÄ (Chinese: 內家; Pinyin: nèi jÄ«a; Wade-Giles: nei4 chia1) denotes the internal or soft styles of Chinese martial arts, as opposed to wà ijiÄ (外家; external family), the external or hard styles, which are associated with Shaolinquan and its many derivatives. ...
Taijitu, the traditional symbol representing the forces of Yin and Yang. ...
‹The template below has been proposed for deletion. ...
Taijitu, the traditional symbol representing the forces of Yin and Yang. ...
Since the first widespread promotion of tai chi's health benefits by Yang Shaohou, Yang Chengfu, Wu Chien-ch'uan and Sun Lutang in the early twentieth century[1], it has developed a worldwide following among people with little or no interest in martial training for its benefit to health and health maintenance[4]. Medical studies of tai chi support its effectiveness as an alternative exercise and a form of martial arts therapy. Yang Shaohou 楊少侯 Yang Shaohou 楊少侯 (1862-1930) along with Yang Chengfu 楊澄甫 (1883-1936) represent the third generation of Yang family Taijiquan 楊æ°å¤ªæ¥µæ‹³. Although Yang Shaohou studied Taijiquan from his father Yang Jianhou 楊å¥å€™ (1839–1917), it is said that he mainly learnt from his uncle Yang Banhou 楊ç侯 (1837-1890). ...
Yang Chengfu, 1933 Yang Chengfu (Hanyu Pinyin), or Yang Cheng-fu (Wade-Giles) ( 楊澄甫, 1883-1936) is historically considered the best known teacher of the soft style martial art of Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan). ...
Wu Chien-chuan å³é‘‘泉 Wu2 Chien4-chüan2 (Wade-Giles), or Wú Jià nquán (pinyin), å³é‘‘泉 (1870-1942), was a famous teacher of the soft style martial art of Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan) in late Imperial and early Republican China. ...
Sun Lu-tang (孫祿堂, 1861-1932) created Sun style (孫家) Tai Chi Chüan He was considered expert in two other internal martial arts styles: Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan) and Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang) before he came to study Tai Chi. ...
A 1930 Soviet poster propagating breast care. ...
Tai chi chuan (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: tai4 chi2 chüan2) is an internal Chinese martial art. ...
The term Exercise can refer to: Physical exercise such as running or strength training Exercise (options), the financial term for enacting and terminating a contract Category: ...
A photoshopped, fictional portrayal of a martial arts therapist, depicted by the combined images of Sigmund Freud and Bruce Lee. ...
Some call it a form of moving meditation, as focusing the mind solely on the movements of the form purportedly helps to bring about a state of mental calm and clarity. Besides general health benefits and stress management attributed to tai chi training, aspects of Traditional Chinese medicine are taught to advanced tai chi students in some traditional schools.[5] Some martial arts, especially the Japanese martial arts, use a uniform for students during practice. Tai chi chuan schools do not generally require a uniform, but both traditional and modern teachers often advocate loose, comfortable clothing and flat-soled shoes.[6] [7] For other senses of this word, see Meditation (disambiguation). ...
A cluttered environment with too many tasks can lead to stress. ...
Traditional Chinese medicine shop in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. ...
Japanese martial arts refers to the enormous variety of martial arts native to Japan. ...
The physical techniques of tai chi chuan are described in the tai chi classics (a set of writings by traditional masters) as being characterized by the use of leverage through the joints based on coordination in relaxation, rather than muscular tension, in order to neutralize or initiate attacks. The slow, repetitive work involved in the process of learning how that leverage is generated gently and measurably increases and opens the internal circulation (breath, body heat, blood, lymph, peristalsis, etc.). The Tai Chi Classics are various manuscripts and commentaries that are used as standards for the correct study and practice of the art of tai chi chuan. ...
Breathing transports oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body. ...
For other uses, see Blood (disambiguation). ...
In mammals including humans, the lymphatic vessels (or lymphatics) are a network of thin tubes that branch, like blood vessels, into tissues throughout the body. ...
Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles to propel contents through the digestive tract. ...
The study of tai chi chuan primarily involves three subjects. Traditional schools cover these aspects of tai chi practice simultaneously, while many modern schools focus on a single aspect, depending on their goal in practicing the art. These subjects are:
- Health
- An unhealthy or otherwise uncomfortable person may find it difficult to meditate to a state of calmness or to use tai chi as a martial art. Tai chi's health training therefore concentrates on relieving the physical effects of stress on the body and mind. For those focused on tai chi's martial application, good physical fitness is an important step towards effective self-defense.
- Meditation
- The focus and calmness cultivated by the meditative aspect of tai chi is seen as necessary in maintaining optimum health (in the sense of relieving stress and maintaining homeostasis) and in application of the form as a soft style martial art.
- Martial art
- The ability to use tai chi as a form of self-defense in combat is said to be the most effective proof of a student's understanding of the art's principles. The study of tai chi chuan martially is the study of appropriate change in response to outside forces; the study of yielding and blending with outside force rather than attempting to meet it with opposing force.
Self defense refers to actions taken by a person to defend onself, ones property or ones home. ...
Homeostasis (from Greek: ὅμος, homos, equal; and ιστημι, histemi, to stand lit. ...
NèijiÄ (Chinese: 內家; internal family) denotes the internal (or soft) styles of Chinese martial arts, as opposed to wà ijiÄ (外家; external family), the external (or hard) styles, which are associated with Shaolin and its many derivatives. ...
Self defense refers to actions taken by a person to defend onself, ones property or ones home. ...
“Fights†redirects here. ...
Alternative meaning: I Ching (monk) The I Ching (Traditional Chinese: 易經, pinyin y jīng; Cantonese IPA: jɪk6gɪŋ1; Cantonese Jyutping: jik6ging1; alternative romanizations include I Jing, Yi Ching, Yi King) is the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. ...
History and styles - See also: History of Chinese Martial Arts
There are five major styles of tai chi chuan, each named after the Chinese family from which it originated: Kung fu redirects here. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Wu Chien-chuan in the Wu styles version of the posture Cloud Hands 雲手 The Wu family style (å³æ° or å³å®¶) tai chi chuan (taijiquan) of Wu Chuan-yü (Wu Quanyou) and Wu Chien-chüan (Wu Jianquan) is the second most popular form of tai chi...
The order of verifiable age is as listed above. The order of popularity (in terms of number of practitioners) is Yang, Wu, Chen, Sun, and Wu/Hao.[3] The first five major family styles share much underlying theory, but differ in their approaches to training. The Chen family style (é™ˆæ° Chen shi taijiquan) is the oldest and parent form of the five main tai chi chuan styles. ...
Yang Cheng-fu in the Yang styles version of the form known as Single Whip å–®éž Yang family style (楊æ°) Tai Chi Chuan in its many variations is the most popular and widely practised style in the world today and the second in terms of seniority among the...
The Wu or Wu (Hao) style (æ¦æ° or æ¦/éƒæ°) of tai chi chuan of Wu Yu-hsiang (æ¦ç¦¹è¥„, 1813-1880), is a separate family style from the more popular Wu style (å³æ°) of Wu Chien-chüan. ...
Wu Chien-chuan in the Wu styles version of the posture Cloud Hands 雲手 The Wu family style (å³æ° or å³å®¶) tai chi chuan (taijiquan) of Wu Chuan-yü (Wu Quanyou) and Wu Chien-chüan (Wu Jianquan) is the second most popular form of tai chi...
The Sun family style (å«æ°) Tai Chi Chüan was developed by Sun Lu-tang (å«ç¥¿å ‚, 1861-1932), who was considered expert in two other internal martial arts styles: Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan) and Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang) before he came to study Tai Chi. ...
There are now dozens of new styles, hybrid styles and offshoots of the main styles, but the five family schools are the groups recognised by the international community as being orthodox. Zhaobao Tai Chi, a close cousin of Chen style, has been newly recognised by Western practitioners as a distinct style. The designation internal or nei chia martial arts is also used to broadly distinguish what are known as the external or wai chia styles based on the Shaolinquan styles, although that distinction is sometimes disputed by modern schools. In this broad sense, all styles of tai chi (as well as related arts such as Pa Kua Chang and Hsing-i Ch'üan) are therefore considered to be "soft" or "internal" martial arts. Many styles list in their history that tai chi was originally formulated by a Taoist monk called Zhang Sanfeng and taught by him in the Taoist monasteries at Wu Tang Shan[1]. Zhaobao Taijiquan(pronouced jao-bao) is a style of Taijiquan that is often considered to be a modern style, but actually has a strong documented lineage that confirms its authenticity as an ancient style of Taijiquan and as a true transmission from Chen Qingping. ...
Shaolin Quan or Shaolin Chüan (少林拳) (in Cantonese Siu Lum Kuen) is the term typically used to describe the Chinese martial arts that originate from the famous Buddhist Shaolin Temple and monastery at Songshan in Henan, founded in 495 by Tamo. ...
BÄguà zhÇŽng is one of the major internal (a. ...
Xingyiquan (Chinese: å½¢æ„拳; pinyin: Over the centuries, many different variations of the art have evolved, so significant portions of the following article may not apply to every extant style of Xingyiquan Xingyiquan (or Xingyi) claims to specialize in deceptively soft, linear, low attacks and quick yet solid footwork appropriate for the...
Zhang Sanfeng was a semi-mythical Chinese Taoist priest who is believed by some to have achieved immortality, said variously to date from either the late Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty or Ming dynasty. ...
wudang or wudangquan, see Wudangquan. ...
 A Wudang style practitioner performs the movement "Snake Creeps Down" When tracing tai chi chuan's formative influences to Taoist and Buddhist monasteries, there seems little more to go on than legendary tales from a modern historical perspective, but tai chi chuan's practical connection to and dependence upon the theories of Sung dynasty Neo-Confucianism (a conscious synthesis of Taoist, Buddhist and Confucian traditions, esp. the teachings of Mencius) is claimed by some traditional schools.[3] The philosophical and political landscape of that time in Chinese history is fairly well documented. Tai chi's theories and practice are therefore believed by these schools to have been formulated by the Taoist monk Zhang Sanfeng in the 12th century, at about the same time that the principles of the Neo-Confucian school were making themselves felt in Chinese intellectual life.[3] In these legends, Zhang Sanfeng as a young man studied Tao Yin (導引, Pinyin dǎoyǐn) breathing exercises from his Taoist teachers[8] and martial arts at the Buddhist Shaolin monastery[9], eventually combining the martial forms and breathing exercises to formulate the soft or internal principles we associate with tai chi chuan and related martial arts. Zhang Sanfeng is also sometimes attributed with the creation of the original 13 Movements of Tai Chi Chuan. These 13 movements are in all forms of tai chi chuan. Its subsequent fame attributed to his teaching, Wu Tang monastery was known thereafter as an important martial center for many centuries, its many styles of internal kung fu preserved and refined at various Taoist temples. Cliffside Temple at Wudangshan The Wudang Mountains (武當山; pinyin: wǔ dāng shān, also known as Wu Tang Shan or simply Wudang), are a small mountain range in the Hubei province of China, just to the south of the manufacturing city of Shiyan. ...
For other uses of the words tao and dao, see Dao (disambiguation). ...
A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, SiddhÄrtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by...
Northern Song in 1111 AD Capital Bianjing (汴京) (960–1127) Linan (臨安) (1127–1276) Language(s) Chinese Religion Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy Emperor - 960–976 Emperor Taizu - 1126–1127 Emperor Qinzong - 1127–1162 Emperor Gaozong - 1278–1279 Emperor Bing History - Zhao Kuangyin taking over the throne of the Later Zhou...
Neo-Confucianism (traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: )/(traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a form of Confucianism that was primarily developed during the Sung Dynasty, but which can be traced back to Han Yu and Li Ao in the Tang Dynasty. ...
Confucianism (儒家 Pinyin: rújiā The School of the Scholars), sometimes translated as the School of Literati, is an East Asian ethical, religious and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of Confucius. ...
Mencius (Romanization; åŸå, pinyin: Mèng ZÇ; Wade-Giles: Meng Tzu; most accepted dates: 372 – 289 BCE; other possible dates: 385 – 303/302 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher who was arguably the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself. ...
(11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ...
Tao Yin (Chinese: 導引; pinyin: guide and pull) exercises were an ancient precursor of qigong, specifically practised in Chinese Taoist monasteries for health and spiritual cultivation, attested from at least 500 BC. Tao Yin is also said to be (along with Shaolin Chuan) a primary formative ingredient in the martial...
Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ...
For other uses of the term, see Pushing Hands Pushing hands, (推手, Wade-Giles tui1 shou3, pinyin tuī shǒu), is a name for two-person training routines practiced in internal Chinese martial arts such as Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang), Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan), Tai Chi Chuan...
Alternative meaning: Kung Fu (TV series) Kung fu or gongfu (功夫, Pinyin: gōngfu) is a well-known Chinese term used in the West to designate Chinese martial arts. ...
Family tree This family tree is not comprehensive. LEGENDARY FIGURES | Zhang Sanfeng* circa 12th century NEI CHIA | Wang Zongyue* | | THE 5 MAJOR CLASSICAL FAMILY STYLES | Chen Wangting 1600-1680 9th generation Chen CHEN STYLE | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Chen Changxing Chen Youben 1771-1853 14th generation Chen circa 1800s 14th generation Chen Chen Old Frame Chen New Frame (Small Frame) | | Yang Lu-ch'an Chen Qingping 1799–1872 1795–1868 YANG STYLE Chen Small Frame, Zhaobao Frame | | +---------------------------------+-----------------------------+ | | | | | Yang Pan-hou Yang Chien-hou Wu Yu-hsiang 1837–92 1839–1917 1812–80 Yang Small Frame | WU/HAO STYLE | +-----------------+ | | | | | Wu Ch'uan-yü Yang Shao-hou Yang Ch'eng-fu Li I-yü 1834–1902 1862–1930 1883–1936 1832–92 | Yang Small Frame Yang Big Frame | Wu Chien-ch'üan | Hao Wei-chen 1870–1942 Yang Shou-chung 1849–1920 WU STYLE 1910–85 108 Form | | | Ip Tai Tak Sun Lu-t'ang Wu Kung-i 1929-2004 1861–1932 1900–70 SUN STYLE | | Wu Ta-kuei Sun Hsing-i 1923–72 1891–1929 MODERN FORMS from Yang Ch`eng-fu | | | +--------------+ | | Cheng Man-ch'ing | 1901–75 | Short (37) Form | | Chinese Sports Commission 1956 Beijing 24 Form . . 1989 42 Competition Form (Wushu competition form combined from Sun, Wu, Chen, and Yang styles) Zhang Sanfeng was a semi-mythical Chinese Taoist priest who is believed by some to have achieved immortality, said variously to date from either the late Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty or Ming dynasty. ...
Nei chia (Chinese: 內家; pinyin: ; literally internal school) denotes the soft style group of Chinese martial arts, in distinction to the wai chia (Chinese: 外家; pinyin: ; literally external school) or hard style group, which is associated especially with Shaolin Quan (Shaolin Chüan) and its many derivatives. ...
The Chen family style (é™ˆæ° Chen shi taijiquan) is the oldest and parent form of the five main tai chi chuan styles. ...
Chen Changxing 陳長興 (1771-1853) was a 14th generation descendant and 6th generation master of the famed Chen Family and considered to be an influential martial artist and teacher of Taijiquan. ...
Chen Youben 陳有本 ( circa 1800s) was a 14th generation descendant and 6th generation master of the famed Chen Family and considered to be an influential martial artist and teacher of Taijiquan. ...
Yang Lu-chan 楊露禪 Yang Lu-chan or Yang Luchan, 楊露禪, also known as Yang Fu-kui 楊ç¦é (1799-1872), born in Kuang-ping (Guangping), was an influential teacher of the soft style martial art known Tai Chi Chuan in China during the second half of the...
Chen Qingping or Chen Ching-ping (陳清苹 1795 - 1868) was a 15th generation descendant and 7th generation master of the famed Chen Family and considered to be an influential martial artist and teacher of Taijiquan. ...
1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Yang Cheng-fu in the Yang styles version of the form known as Single Whip å–®éž Yang family style (楊æ°) Tai Chi Chuan in its many variations is the most popular and widely practised style in the world today and the second in terms of seniority among the...
Zhaobao Taijiquan is a style of Taijiquan that is often considered to be a modern style, but actually has a strong documented lineage that attempts to confirm its authenticity as an ancient style of Taijiquan and as a true transmission from the Zhang Sanfeng, Wang Zongyue and Jiang Fa lineage. ...
This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...
Yang Chien-hou Yang Chien-hou was the younger son of the founder of Yang style Tai Chi Chuan, Yang Lu-chan, and a well known teacher of the soft style martial art of Tai Chi Chuan in late Qing dynasty China. ...
Wu Yu-hsiang (æ¦ç¦¹è¥„ Wu Yuxiang, 1812-1880) was a Chinese t’ai chi ch’uan teacher and government official active during the late Ching dynasty. ...
Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...
Year 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ...
For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting...
Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
The Wu or Wu/Hao style (武家 or 武/郝家) of Tai Chi Chüan is a separate family style from the more popular Wu style (吳家) of Wu Chien-chüan. ...
Wu Chuan-yu or Wu Quanyou å³å…¨ä½‘ (1834-1902) was an influential teacher of Tai Chi Chuan in late Imperial China. ...
Yang Shaohou 楊少侯 Yang Shaohou 楊少侯 (1862-1930) along with Yang Chengfu 楊澄甫 (1883-1936) represent the third generation of Yang Family Tai Chi Chuan 楊æ°å¤ªæ¥µæ‹³. Although Yang Shaohou studied Tai Chi Chuan from his father Yang Jianhou 楊å¥å€™ (1839–1917), it is said that he mainly learnt from his uncle Yang Banhou 楊ç侯 (1837-1890). ...
Yang Chengfu, 1933 Yang Chengfu (Hanyu Pinyin), or Yang Cheng-fu (Wade-Giles) ( 楊澄甫, 1883-1936) has been considered by many to be the best known teacher of Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan) to have ever lived. ...
Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
This article is about 1862 . ...
Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
The solo form routine sequence, usually called the hand form or just the form in English and chüan in Mandarin: 拳 (in Wade-Giles romanization: chüan2, in the pinyin system: quán), is the best known manifestation of Tai Chi training for the general public. ...
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Hao Wei-chen (郝為真, 1842-1920) (may have been born in 1849) was a Tai Chi Chuan student of Master Li I-yu. ...
1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Yang Shou-Chung, The eldest son of Yang Cheng-Fu (from his first marriage) began training in his familys style at age 8. ...
Year 1849 (MDCCCXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Wu Chien-chuan in the Wu styles version of the posture Cloud Hands 雲手 The Wu style (å³æ°) Tai Chi Chuan of Wu Chuan-yü (Wu Quanyou) and Wu Chien-chüan (Wu Jianquan) is the second most popular form of Tai Chi Chuan in...
Year 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
This article is about the year. ...
// Tai Chi forms Wu Chien-chuan in the Wu styles version of the posture known as Cloud Hands 雲手 The different slow motion solo form training sequences of Tai Chi Chuan are the best known manifestation of Tai Chi for the general public. ...
Sun Lu-tang (Sun Lutang å«ç¥¿å ‚, 1861-1932) created Sun style (å«å®¶) Tai Chi Chüan. ...
Wu Kung-i å³å…¬å„€ Wu Kung-i also known as Wu Kung-yi or Wu Gongyi (å³å…¬å„€ 1900-1970), was a well known teacher of the soft style martial art known as Tai Chi Chuan in China, and, after 1949, in the British colony of Hong Kong. ...
Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ...
Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Sun style (å«æ°) Tai Chi Chüan was developed by Sun Lu-tang (å«ç¥¿å ‚, 1861-1932), who was considered expert in two other internal martial arts styles: Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan) and Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang) before he came to study Tai Chi. ...
Wu Ta-kuei (Wu Dagui, å³å¤§æ†, 1923-1970) was a teacher of Wu style Tai Chi Chuan. ...
Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Cheng Man-ching (WG) or Zhèng Mà nqÄ«ng (py) é„æ›¼é’ [(1902-1975)] was born in Yongjia (present-day Wenzhou), Zhejiang Province (his birthday was on the 28th year of the Guangxu emperors reign, 6th month, 25th day, which corresponds to July 29, 1902). ...
Year 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A car from 1956 Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
24 Form (Simplified Form) Tai Chi Chuan The Chinese Sports Committee brought together four Tai Chi experts who truncated the Yang family hand form to 24 postures in 1956. ...
Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ...
42 Form (Competition Form) Tai Chi Chuan This Tai Chi Chuan Combined set routine incorporates movements drawn from the Yang, Wu, Chen, and Sun styles of traditional Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan ) the “Supreme Ultimate Fist” 1 Commencing Form N 起式 2 Grasp Peacocks Tail (Stroking Birds...
Kung fu redirects here. ...
Notes to Family tree table Names denoted by an asterisk are legendary or semi-legendary figures in the lineage, which means their involvement in the lineage, while accepted by most of the major schools, isn't independently verifiable from known historical records. A legend (Latin, legenda, things to be read) is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. ...
The Cheng Man-ch'ing and Chinese Sports Commission short forms are derived from Yang family forms, but neither are recognized as Yang family tai chi chuan by standard-bearing Yang family teachers. The Chen, Yang and Wu families are now promoting their own shortened demonstration forms for competitive purposes.
Philosophy -
T'ai chi and philosophy are closely linked. Some believe that the principles of T'ai chi practice can be applied to living life. Image File history File links Mergefrom. ...
For other uses, see Philosophy (disambiguation). ...
Training and techniques As the name tai chi chuan is held to be derived from the Taiji symbol (taijitu or t'ai chi t'u, 太極圖), commonly known in the West as the "yin-yang" diagram, tai chi chuan is therefore said in literature preserved in its oldest schools to be a study of yin (receptive) and yang (active) principles, using terminology found in the Chinese classics, especially the Book of Changes and the Tao Te Ching.[3] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Yang Chengfu, 1933 Yang Chengfu (Hanyu Pinyin), or Yang Cheng-fu (Wade-Giles) ( 楊澄甫, 1883-1936) is historically considered the best known teacher of the soft style martial art of Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan). ...
Yang Chengfu in a single whip posture circa 1918 Single Whip (å–®éž dÄn biÄn) is a common posture found in most forms of Tai Chi Chuan. ...
Taoists Taijitu The concept of Yin Yang originates in ancient Chinese philosophy, most likely from the observations of day turning into night and night into day. ...
China has a wealth of classical literature, both poetry and prose, dating from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC _ 256 BC) and including the Chinese classics texts, or Chinese canonical texts. ...
Alternative meaning: I Ching (monk) The I Ching (Traditional Chinese: 易經, pinyin yì jīng; Cantonese IPA: jɪk6gɪŋ1; Cantonese Jyutping: jik6ging1; alternative romanizations include I Jing, Yi Ching, Yi King) is the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. ...
The Tao Te Ching (道德經, Pinyin: D Jīng, thus sometimes rendered in recent works as Dao De Jing; archaic pre-Wade-Giles rendering: Tao Teh Ching; roughly translated as The Book of the Way and its Virtue (see dedicated chapter below on translating the title)) is an ancient Chinese scripture...
The core training involves two primary features: the first being the solo form (ch'üan or quán, 拳), a slow sequence of movements which emphasize a straight spine, abdominal breathing and a natural range of motion; the second being different styles of pushing hands (tui shou, 推手) for training movement principles of the form in a more practical way. List of Tai Chi Chuan forms, postures, movements, or positions in order of number of forms: 4 - Chen 4 Step is a subset of Chen Old Frame One (Grandmaster Zhu Tian Cai) 8 - Yang Standardized 8 - Chen Standardized 9 - Chen Old Frame (Master Liu Yong) 10 - Yang 12 - Yang 13...
Abdominal breathing in Yoga Genarally when we breath,the lungs get filled and the chest may pop up forward. ...
For other uses of the term, see Pushing Hands Pushing hands, (推手, Wade-Giles tui1 shou3, pinyin tuī shǒu), is a name for two-person training routines practiced in internal Chinese martial arts such as Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang), Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan), Tai Chi Chuan...
The solo form should take the students through a complete, natural range of motion over their center of gravity. Accurate, repeated practice of the solo routine is said to retrain posture, encourage circulation throughout the students' bodies, maintain flexibility through their joints and further familiarize students with the martial application sequences implied by the forms. The major traditional styles of tai chi have forms which differ somewhat cosmetically, but there are also many obvious similarities which point to their common origin. The solo forms, empty-hand and weapon, are catalogs of movements that are practiced individually in pushing hands and martial application scenarios to prepare students for self-defense training. In most traditional schools different variations of the solo forms can be practiced: fast–slow, small circle–large circle, square–round (which are different expressions of leverage through the joints), low sitting/high sitting (the degree to which weight-bearing knees are kept bent throughout the form), for example. For other uses, see Weapon (disambiguation). ...
The philosophy of the style is that if one uses hardness to resist violent force, then both sides are certain to be injured at least to some degree. Such injury, according to tai chi theory, is a natural consequence of meeting brute force with brute force. Instead, students are taught not to directly fight or resist an incoming force, but to meet it in softness and follow its motion while remaining in physical contact until the incoming force of attack exhausts itself or can be safely redirected, meeting yang with yin. Done correctly, this yin/yang or yang/yin balance in combat, or in a broader philosophical sense, is a primary goal of tai chi chuan training. Lao Tzu provided the archetype for this in the Tao Te Ching when he wrote, "The soft and the pliable will defeat the hard and strong." Kung fu redirects here. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
The hundreds of different styles and schools of Chinese martial arts (ä¸åœ‹æ¦è¡“) are collectively called Kung Fu (功夫), Wushu (æ¦è¡“), Kuoshu (國術), or Chuan Fa (拳法), depending on the persons or groups doing so. ...
Kung fu or gongfu or gung fu (功夫, Pinyin: gÅngfu) is a Chinese term often used by speakers of the English language to refer to Chinese martial arts. ...
Wǔshù, in Simplified Chinese Wushu (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: wǔshù ; Cantonese: mou5söt6) literally means martial art. It is a more precise term than the widely used term kung fu, which can mean either martial art or skill: a craftsperson or artisan could be said to have...
San Soo is a form of Chinese martial arts also known as Kung Fu San Soo and San Soo Kung Fu. ...
, Main gate of the Shaolin Monastery in Henan, China. ...
wudang or wudangquan, see Wudangquan. ...
Bodhidharma (or Tat Moh)(fl. ...
Dong Haichuan (董海å·) was born on the 13th of October 1797 in Zhu village, Wen An County, Hebei Province, China and died on the 25th of October 1882 in Beijing. ...
This is a Chinese name; the family name is éœ (Huo) Huo Yuanjia (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) (c. ...
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Wong. ...
Wu Chuan-yu or Wu Quanyou å³å…¨ä½‘ (1834-1902) the founder of the Wu Style Tai Chi Chuan was from an aristocratic Manchurian family that was famous for its martial skills. ...
Yang Lu-chan 楊露禪 Yang Lu-chan or Yang Luchan, 楊露禪, also known as Yang Fu-kui 楊ç¦é (1799-1872), born in Kuang-ping (Guangping), was an influential teacher of the soft style martial art known Tai Chi Chuan in China during the second half of the...
Hong Kong action cinema is the principal source of the Hong Kong film industrys global fame. ...
Gun (staff) event at the 10th All China Games Wushu (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; literally martial arts), also known as modern wushu or contemporary wushu, is both an exhibition and a full-contact sport derived from traditional Chinese martial arts. ...
Wǔxiá (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: , Mandarin IPA: , Cantonese Pinyin: mou5 hap6), literally meaning martial (arts) heroes, is a distinct quasi-fantasy sub-genre of the martial arts genre in literature, television and cinema. ...
Lao Zi (also spelled Laozi, Lao Tzu, or Lao Tse) was a famous Chinese philosopher who is believed to have lived in approximately the 4th century BC, during the Hundred Schools of Thought and Warring States Periods. ...
For other uses, see Archetype (disambiguation). ...
The Tao Te Ching (道德經, Pinyin: D Jīng, thus sometimes rendered in recent works as Dao De Jing; archaic pre-Wade-Giles rendering: Tao Teh Ching; roughly translated as The Book of the Way and its Virtue (see dedicated chapter below on translating the title)) is an ancient Chinese scripture...
Tai chi's martial aspect relies on sensitivity to the opponent's movements and center of gravity dictating appropriate responses. Effectively affecting or "capturing" the opponent's center of gravity immediately upon contact is trained as the primary goal of the martial tai chi student.[5] The sensitivity needed to capture the center is acquired over thousands of hours of first yin (slow, repetitive, meditative, low impact) and then later adding yang ("realistic," active, fast, high impact) martial training; forms, pushing hands and sparring. Tai chi trains in three basic ranges, close, medium and long, and then everything in between. Pushes and open hand strikes are more common than punches, and kicks are usually to the legs and lower torso, never higher than the hip depending on style. The fingers, fists, palms, sides of the hands, wrists, forearms, elbows, shoulders, back, hips, knees and feet are commonly used to strike, with strikes to the eyes, throat, heart, groin and other acupressure points trained by advanced students. Joint traps, locks and breaks (chin na) are also used. Most tai chi teachers expect their students to thoroughly learn defensive or neutralizing skills first, and a student will have to demonstrate proficiency with them before offensive skills will be extensively trained. There is also an emphasis in the traditional schools that one is expected to show wu te (武德), martial virtue or heroism, to protect the defenseless and show mercy to one's opponents.[1] Chin Na or Qinna (æ“’æ‹¿, pinyin: qÃn ná, Wade-Giles: chin2 na2) is a Chinese term describing joint-manipulation techniques for self defense used in the Chinese martial arts. ...
The xiá (ä¿ ) is a Chinese term and concept that refers to a righteous person who excels in Chinese martial arts and who uses their armed expertise to protect the innocent and right social unfairness or injustice (鋤強扶弱). Such a person is said to possess martial virtue, wÇ” dé (æ¦å¾·). The xiá concept...
In addition to the physical form, martial Tai Chi Chuan schools also focus on how the energy of a strike effects the other person. Palm strikes that physically look the same may be preformed in such a way that it has a completely different effect on the target's body. A palm strike could simply push the person forward, be focused in such a way as lift them vertically off the ground breaking their center of gravity, or terminate the force of the strike within the other person's body with the intent of causing internal damage.
Other training exercises include:
- Weapons training and fencing applications employing the straight sword known as the jian or chien or gim (jiàn 劍), a heavier curved sabre, sometimes called a broadsword or tao (dāo 刀, which is actually considered a big knife), folding fan also called san, wooden staff (2 m) known as kun (棍), 7 foot (2 m) spear and 13 foot (4 m) lance (both called qiāng 槍). More exotic weapons still used by some traditional styles are the large Dadao or Ta Tao (大刀) and Pudao or P'u Tao (撲刀) sabres, halberd (jǐ 戟), cane, rope-dart, three sectional staff, Wind and fire wheels, lasso, whip, chain whip and steel whip.
- Two-person tournament sparring (as part of push hands competitions and/or sanshou 散手);
- Breathing exercises; nei kung (內功 nèigōng) or, more commonly, ch'i kung (氣功 qìgōng) to develop ch'i (氣 qì) or "breath energy" in coordination with physical movement and post standing or combinations of the two. These were formerly taught only to disciples as a separate, complementary training system. In the last 50 years they have become more well known to the general public.
This article is about the sport, which is distinguished from stage fencing and academic fencing (mensur). ...
Swiss longsword, 15th or 16th century Look up Sword in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
For the novel of the same name, see Eric Van Lustbader. ...
Chinese Saber Dao 刀 (Py dāo, Wade-Giles tao1) is a category of single-edge Chinese swords primarily used for slashing and chopping (sabers), often called broadswords in English because some varieties have wide blades. ...
This article is about the tool. ...
Tessen（鉄扇） (literally meaning iron fan) were constructed of either an actual folding fan with metal ribs or a non-folding solid bar of either iron or wood and shaped like a folded fan. ...
Gun event at the 10th All China Games The Chinese word Gun (Chinese: ; pinyin: gùn) refers to a long Chinese staff weapon used in Chinese martial arts. ...
10th All China Games 10th All China Games Qiang (qÄ«ang,æ§) is the Chinese term for spear. ...
The term lance has become a catchall for a variety of different pole weapons based on the spear. ...
The Dadao (大刀) (big knife), one of the varieties of dao or Chinese saber, is also known as the Chinese great sword. ...
The Chinese pudao (撲刀) was originally an infantry weapon which is now used in martial arts. ...
The Ji, the Chinese halberd, was used from the Shang dynasty onwards, until the Song dynasty. ...
Three sectional staff The three sectional staff (San-Jie-Gun) is a Chinese flail weapon that consists of three wooden or metal staffs connected by metal rings or rope. ...
Wind and fire wheels (Feng Huo Lun) are mêlée weapons, wielded as a pair, associated with Chinese martial arts such as Baguazhang and Tai Chi Chuan. ...
Lariat redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Whip (disambiguation). ...
An example of a chain whip The chain whip is a weapon used in some Asian martial arts, including Chinese Martial Arts, in addition to modern and traditional wushu. ...
The leitai of the 2004 China National Sanda Championships Sanshou (Chinese: 散手, lit. ...
Nei Kung The word Nei means enter a house and Kung means hard work. Enter a house and work hard NeiKung is the art of internal alchemy (Neidan). ...
Qigong (Simplified Chinese: 气功; Traditional Chinese: 氣功; Pinyin: qìgÅng; Wade-Giles: chi4 kung1; Thai: ) is an increasingly popular aspect of Chinese medicine involving the coordination of different breathing patterns with various physical postures and motions of the body. ...
Qi, also commonly spelled chi, chi or ki, is a fundamental concept of everyday Chinese culture, most often defined as air or breath (for example, the colloquial Mandarin Chinese term for weather is tiÄn qi, or the breath of heaven) and, by extension, life force or spiritual energy...
Zhan zhuang (站椿) or standing like a post is a method of training in many Chinese martial arts in which static postures are used for meditation and to develop patience, leg strength and stamina on the one hand; or to develop whole body strength on the other; specifically among the internal...
Modern tai chi Tai chi classes have become popular in hospitals, clinics, community and senior centers in the last twenty years or so, as baby boomers age and the art's reputation as a low stress training for seniors becomes more well-known.[10][11]. As a result of this popularity, there has been some divergence between those who say they practice tai chi primarily for self-defense, those who practice it for its aesthetic appeal (see wushu below), and those who are more interested in its benefits to physical and mental health. The wushu aspect is primarily for show; the forms taught for those purposes are designed to earn points in competition and are mostly unconcerned with either health maintenance or martial ability. More traditional stylists believe the two aspects of health and martial arts are equally necessary: the yin and yang of tai chi chuan. The tai chi "family" schools therefore still present their teachings in a martial art context whatever the intention of their students in studying the art.[12] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2016 × 1512 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2016 × 1512 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Peking redirects here. ...
The Temple of Heaven, literally the Altar of Heaven (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Manchu: Abkai mukdehun) is a complex of Taoist buildings situated in southeastern urban Beijing, in Xuanwu District. ...
A baby boom is defined as a period of increased birth rates relative to surrounding generations. ...
Aesthetics (or esthetics) (from the Greek word αισθητική) is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty. ...
Wǔshù, in Simplified Chinese Wushu (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: wǔshù ; Cantonese: mou5söt6) literally means martial art. It is a more precise term than the widely used term kung fu, which can mean either martial art or skill: a craftsperson or artisan could be said to have...
Along with Yoga, tai chi is one of the fastest growing fitness and health maintenance activities in the U.S.[13]. For other uses such as Yoga postures, see Yoga (disambiguation) Statue of Shiva performing Yogic meditation Yoga (Sanskrit: योग Yoga, IPA: ) is a group of ancient spiritual practices originating in India. ...
Tai chi as sport In order to standardize tai chi chuan for wushu tournament judging, and because many of the family tai chi chuan teachers had either moved out of China or had been forced to stop teaching after the Communist regime was established in 1949, the government sponsored Chinese Sports Committee brought together four of their wushu teachers to truncate the Yang family hand form to 24 postures in 1956. They wanted to retain the look of tai chi chuan but create a routine that was less difficult to teach and much less difficult to learn than longer (generally 88 to 108 posture), classical, solo hand forms. In 1976, they developed a slightly longer form also for the purposes of demonstration that still didn't involve the complete memory, balance and coordination requirements of the traditional forms. This was the Combined 48 Forms that were created by three wushu coaches, headed by Professor Men Hui Feng. The combined forms were created based on simplifying and combining some features of the classical forms from four of the original styles; Chen, Yang, Wu, and Sun. As tai chi again became popular on the Mainland, more competitive forms were developed |
