(v.) the act of producing voice through the use of the vocal cords or other means, such as sign language, to create linguistic acts that communicate information from an initiator to a recipient. Synonyms for the verb usage include talk, say, oral, speak, tell, oral; verbal includes written communication.
In more colloquial terms, speech can be described in several different ways:
A linguistic act designed to convey information orally.
Various linguistic acts where the audience includes more than one individual, including public speaking, oration, and quotation.
The physical act of speaking, primarily through the use of vocal chords to produce voice. See phonology and linguistics for more detailed information on the physical act of speaking.
However, speech can also take place inside one's head, known as intrapersonal communication, for example, when one thinks or utters sounds of approval or disapproval. At a deeper level, one could even consider subconscious processes, including dreams where aspects of oneself communicate with each other (see Sigmund Freud), as part of intrapersonal communication, even though most human beings do not seem to have direct access to such communication.
Problems
There are several factors that can affect the clarity of speech as such. Among these are:
Diseases and disorders of the brain, including alogia, aphasias and speech processing disorders, where impaired perception of the message (as opposed to the actual sound) leads to poor speech production.
Problems in the perception of sound and auditory information can affect speech. In addition to aphasias, anomia and certain types of dyslexia can impede the quality of auditory perception, and therefore, expression. Hearing impairments and deafness can be considered to fall into this category.
Thus, it is clear that speech has both expressive and receptive elements. The purpose of speech can be to convey meaning or to increase social bonds between individuals and/or groups (it is often both). For the latter shallowness is not a problem. The success of a speech act depends on numerous factors, including the presence or absence of a variety of speech disorders, the ability of the speaker to express the intended message, and the ability and willingness of the audience to play the role of recipient.
Glossophobia is the widespread fear of public speaking.
Talke was on a major route from London to Carlisle which entered Staffordshire near Lichfield and ran through Stone, Newcastle, Chesterton, Red Street, Talke and Butt Lane.
The Talke Directory of 1851 states that the great northern turnpike road used to pass through Talke, but about 1828 a new road was made half a mile to the east (now the A34) to avoid the hill.
The 'Talke Directory' of 1872 records that '170 persons are now receiving relief from the fund, widows receiving 5s a week, and 2s a week will be paid for children until they arrive at the age of 14'.
As head of the Tribology and Mechanics Lab at UCSD's Center for Magnetic Recording, Professor Talke is at the forefront of this effort with research that takes place where borders blur between mechanics, physics, and chemistry.
Areas of expertise for Talke are the mechanics of disk-drive heads, the tribology (or close surface interactions) of heads and recording media, strategies to reduce slider flying heights, the physics and chemistry of lubricants, modeling and analysis of the flying characteristics of sliders, and instrumentation to assess and measure slider motion and dynamics.
Talke received a Diplom-Ingenieur degree from the University of Stuttgart in 1965, and a M.Sc.
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