NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Tamar of Georgia

Tamar (Georgian: თამარი; 1160–1213), from the House of Bagrationi, was Queen of the Kingdom of Georgia from 1184 to 1213. She ruled during what is generally regarded as Georgia’s “golden age” and gained a reputation as an outstandingly successful ruler, dubbed “King of Kings and Queen of Queens” by her subjects. Perhaps the greatest of the Georgian monarchs, her reign saw almost every neighbouring Muslim state brought to heel by Georgia. ^[1] She is often known in English as Tamara. Image File history File linksMetadata QueenTamar234523. ... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ... May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ... Mtskheta is one of oldest cities of the republic of Georgia (in Kartli province of Eastern Georgia), near Tbilisi. ... May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ... Giorgi III Giorgi III (áƒ’áƒ˜áƒáƒ áƒ’áƒ˜ III) (d. ... Giorgi IV Lasha (Lasha Giorgi; in Georgian: გიორგი IV ლაშა, ლაშა გიორგი) ( 1192- 1223) from the House of Bagrationi, was king of Georgia in 1213- 1223. ... David Soslan (Georgian: áƒ“áƒáƒ•áƒ˜áƒ— áƒ¡áƒáƒ¡áƒšáƒáƒœáƒ˜) (d. ... The Bagrationi royal dynasty (Georgian: áƒ‘áƒáƒ’áƒ áƒáƒ¢áƒ˜áƒáƒœáƒ—áƒ áƒ¡áƒáƒ›áƒ”áƒ¤áƒ áƒ“áƒ˜áƒœáƒáƒ¡áƒ¢áƒ˜áƒ or Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia) is a royal family whose ascendancy in Georgia lasted for more than a millennium, from the early 6th century until the early 19th century. ... Giorgi III Giorgi III (áƒ’áƒ˜áƒáƒ áƒ’áƒ˜ III) (d. ... Events Eric IX of Sweden is succeeded by Karl Sverkersson. ... May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ... The Bagratuni or Bagrationi or Bagratid royal dynasty (Armenian: Ô²Õ¡Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ¶ÕµÕ¡Ö Ô±Ö€Ö„Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ ÕÕ¸Õ°Õ´ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm, Georgian: áƒ‘áƒáƒ’áƒ áƒáƒ¢áƒ˜áƒáƒœáƒ—áƒ áƒ¡áƒáƒ›áƒ”áƒ¤áƒ áƒ“áƒ˜áƒœáƒáƒ¡áƒ¢áƒ˜áƒ or Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia) is a royal family whose ascendancy in Transcaucasia lasted for more than a millenium, since the 8th century until the early 19th century. ... A queen regnant is a female monarch who possesses all the monarchal powers that a king would have without regard to gender. ... Motto: Anthem: Capital (and largest city) Tbilisi Official languages Georgian Government Unitary republic - President Mikheil Saakashvili - Prime Minister Zurab Noghaideli Consolidation - Establishment of first Georgian Kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia c. ... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ... May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ...

Life

Tamar was an elder daughter of the Georgian King Giorgi III (1156-1184) and his wife Gurandukht. Giorgi declared Tamar as co-ruler and heir apparent in 1178 in order to forestall any dispute after his death. Tamar succeeded on her father’s death in 1184. Image File history File links Tamari2150. ... Image File history File links Tamari2150. ... Giorgi III (გიორგი III) (d. ... Events Prince Yuriy Dolgorukiy fortifies Moscow, regarded as the date of the founding of the city Establishment of the Carmelite Order Hogen Rebellion in Japan January 20 - According to legend, freeholder Lalli slays English crusader Bishop Henry with an axe on the ice of the lake KÃ¶yliÃ¶njÃ¤rvi... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ... Events June 18 - Five Canterbury monks see what was possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed The Sung Document written detailing the discovery of Mu-Lan-Pi (suggested by some to be California) by Muslim sailors The Chronicle of Gervase of Canterbury written The Leaning Tower of Pisa begins to... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ...

With Tamar's ascent to the throne, a party of nobles led by Minister of Finance (mechrurchletukhutsesi) Qutlu Arslan demanded that the power of monarchs should be limited by a legislature, or karavi. In retaliation for the Queen’s refusal and arrest of Qutlu Arslan, the opposition rose in rebellion and marched against the royal palace. Tamar managed to negotiate with the rebels and released their leader, granting only limited functions to karavi. ^[2] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1350x1205, 79 KB) Kingdom of Georgia under Queen Thamar, 12th century CopyrightÂ©2004 Andrew Andersen Source: Atlas of Conflicts File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1350x1205, 79 KB) Kingdom of Georgia under Queen Thamar, 12th century CopyrightÂ©2004 Andrew Andersen Source: Atlas of Conflicts File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Qutlu Arslan was the 12th-century Georgian politician and statesman sometimes referred to as the Georgian Simon de Montfort for his rebellion, in circa 1184, against the unlimited royal power. ...

In 1185, a certain group of Georgian nobles arranged a marriage of the Russian Prince Yuri Bogolyubsky (known in Georgia as Giorgi Rusi, George the Rus') to Tamar. ^[3] She had no children by Yuri. The Queen was soon disappointed in her husband as Yuri proved to be immoral and a heavy drinker. Tamar divorced him in 1187 and chose her second husband herself. He was the Prince David Soslani from Ossetia, a descendant of Georgian royal family of Bagrationi, whom she married in 1188. ^[4] The Queen's consort was King only by virtue of being her husband: Tamar was the supreme ruler, and continued to be called "King of Kings and Queen of Queens". Tamar’s former husband Yuri allied with a powerful party of Georgian nobles and organized two unsuccessful revolts in an attempt to seize power in 1191. ^[5] Events April 25 - Genpei War - Naval battle of Dan-no-ura leads to Minamoto victory in Japan Templars settle in London and begin the building of New Temple Church End of the Heian Period and beginning of the Kamakura period in Japan. ... Yuri Bogolyubsky (Russian: Ð®Ñ€Ð¸Ð¹ Ð‘Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð»ÑŽÐ±ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹), known as Giorgi Rusi (George the Russian) in Georgia, was a Russian prince of Novgorod (1172-1175). ... Rusâ€™ (Ð ÑƒÑÑŒ, ) was a medieval East Slavic nation, which, according to the most popular but by no means the only theory, took its name from its ruling warrior class with Scandinavian roots. ... // Events May 1 - Battle of Cresson - Saladin defeats the crusaders July 4 - Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, at the Battle of Hattin. ... David Soslani (d. ... Map of Ossetia Ossetia is a region in the northern Caucasus Mountains, inhabited by the Ossetians, an Iranian people who speak the Ossetic language, (an Iranian Language). ... The Bagratuni or Bagrationi or Bagratid royal dynasty (Armenian: Ô²Õ¡Õ£Ö€Õ¡Õ¿Õ¸Ö‚Õ¶ÕµÕ¡Ö Ô±Ö€Ö„Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ ÕÕ¸Õ°Õ´ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm, Georgian: áƒ‘áƒáƒ’áƒ áƒáƒ¢áƒ˜áƒáƒœáƒ—áƒ áƒ¡áƒáƒ›áƒ”áƒ¤áƒ áƒ“áƒ˜áƒœáƒáƒ¡áƒ¢áƒ˜áƒ or Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia) is a royal family whose ascendancy in Transcaucasia lasted for more than a millenium, since the 8th century until the early 19th century. ... Events Saladin unsuccessfully besieges the Hospitaller fortress of Krak des Chevaliers in modern Syria. ... King of Kings (or some literal parallel in various languages) is a lofty title that has been used by several monarchies (usually empires in the informal sense of great powers) throughout history, and in many cases the literal title meaning King of Kings, i. ... // Events May 12 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. ...

After stabilizing the kingdom’s internal affairs, Tamar revived her father’s aggressive foreign politics and attacked the neighbouring Seljuk rulers. Tamar played an active military role as the commander of an army. In 1193 the Georgian army marched to Bardav. Following its triumphant return, a new campaign was undertaken against Erzerum. ^[6] The army under Tamar and David attacked the Seljuks (Turks) wintering on the banks of the river Araxes. Image File history File linksMetadata Tamar_fresco_at_Betania_Monastery,_Georgia. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Tamar_fresco_at_Betania_Monastery,_Georgia. ... The Seljuk coat of arms was a double headed eagle The Seljuk Turks (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; in modern Turkish SelÃ§uklular; in Persian Ø³Ù„Ø¬ÙˆÙ‚ÙŠØ§Ù† SaljÅ«qiyÄn; in Arabic Ø³Ù„Ø¬ÙˆÙ‚ SaljÅ«q, or Ø§Ù„Ø³Ù„Ø§Ø¬Ù‚Ø© al-SalÄjiqa) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of... // Saladin dies, and the lands of the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt and Syria are split among his descendants. ... Erzurum (or Erzerum, Arzen in antiquity, Karin in ancient Armenian, Theodosiupolis or Theodosiopolis during Byzantine rule) is one of the Provinces of Turkey, in the Eastern Anatolia Region, to the east of the country. ... The Seljuk coat of arms was a double headed eagle The Seljuk Turks (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; in modern Turkish SelÃ§uklular; in Persian Ø³Ù„Ø¬ÙˆÙ‚ÙŠØ§Ù† SaljÅ«qiyÄn; in Arabic Ø³Ù„Ø¬ÙˆÙ‚ SaljÅ«q, or Ø§Ù„Ø³Ù„Ø§Ø¬Ù‚Ø© al-SalÄjiqa) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of... Aras, Araks, Arax, Araxes, or Araz (Persian: ارس, Azerbaijani: Araz), is a river rising in Anatolia in Turkey, flowing along the Turkey-Armenia border, then along the Iran border, entering Azerbaijan, and falling into Kura river as a right tributary. ...

The Atabag of Azerbaijan Abu-Bakr was given command of the army of a coalition of Georgia's Muslim opponents. A battle was fought near Shamkor in 1195 which ended in a Georgian victory. ^[7] Numerous prisoners and huge amounts of booty were seized, including the Khalif's standard, which Tamar donated to the Icon of Our Lady of Khakhuli. The Georgians took the city of Shamkor and the adjoining regions, and the occupied lands were turned over to the Shirvanshah under conditions of vassalage. From Shamkhor the Georgian army marched to Ganja. ^[8] Image File history File links Queen_Tamar_-_Vardzia_fresco. ... Image File history File links Queen_Tamar_-_Vardzia_fresco. ... Vardzia as seen from the bell tower Cave City of Vardzia is a hidden monastery dug into the side of the Erusheli mountain in south Georgia near Aspindza. ... Atabeg is a title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a king or Emperor but senior to a Khan. ... For other people named Abu Bakar, see Abu Bakr (name). ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Fought on June 1, 1195 near the city of Shamkor (the present day Shamkir, Azerbaijan), the Battle of Shamkor was a decisive battle during the Georgian campaign against the Azeri Atabeg Abu-Bakr of Arran. ... Events Priory of St Marys, Bushmead, founded. ... Anglicized/Latinized version of the Arabic word خليفة or Khalifah, Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... // History The role of Shirvanshah (Shirvan) state in national development of Azerbaijan (especially of northern Azerbaijan) is hard to underestimate. ... For the city in Tajikistan, see Panj. ...

The Georgian victories alarmed other neighbouring Muslim rulers, particularly Rukn ad-Din, Sultan of the Seljuk state in Asia Minor. The Sultan made preparations for a war in order to break the might of Christian Georgia and a major battle was fought near Basian in 1203. Despite the huge size of the Seljuk army - said to number more than 400,000 troops - the Georgian army under David Soslani won a famous victory. ^[9] Image File history File links Tamar_of_Georgia,_Q'incvisi_mural. ... Image File history File links Tamar_of_Georgia,_Q'incvisi_mural. ... Kintsvisi Monastery (Georgian: áƒ§áƒ˜áƒœáƒ¬áƒ•áƒ˜áƒ¡áƒ˜, Qincvisi) is a Georgian Orthodox monastery in the Shida Kartli region, eastern Georgia, 10 km from the town Kareli, on a forested slope of a high mountain of the Dzama valley. ... A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Persian and Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Suleiman II aka Rukn ad-Din Suleiman Shah (1196-1204), was the Seljuk sultan of Rüm in 1196-1204. ... Sultan (Arabic: Ø³Ù„Ø·Ø§Ù†) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... The Battle of Basian was fought between the Georgians and the Seljuk Turks of Rüm at the place of Basian, 60 kilometers northeast of the city of Erzurum (in modern Turkey) in 1203. ... Events April 16 - Philip II of France enters Rouen, leading to the eventual unification of Normandy and France. ... David Soslani (d. ...

During her reign the kingdom reached the apex of its political, economic and cultural might. In 1201-1203, Georgians took and annexed the Armenian capitals of Ani and Dvin. In 1204, Tamar's army occupied the city of Kars. ^[10] // Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Events April 16 - Philip II of France enters Rouen, leading to the eventual unification of Normandy and France. ... Ani, Church of Saint Gregory and Citadel Ani, known to Romans as Abnicum, is a ruined capital of medieval Armenia, now situated in the Turkish province of Kars, immediately south of the Turko-Armenian frontier, at an altitude of 4390 ft. ... Dvin (Armenian: ; Greek: ) â€” was a large commercial city, the capital of medieval Armenia, the ruins of which are located in the province of Ararat nearby a town by the same name. ... // Events February - Byzantine emperor Alexius IV is overthrown in a revolution, and Alexius V is proclaimed emperor. ... Kars (Armenian: Ô¿Õ¡Ö€Õ½) is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of the Kars Province, formerly at the head of a sanjak in the Turkish vilayet of Erzurum. ...

In 1204, Tamar helped to found the Empire of Trebizond ^[11] on the southern shore of the Black Sea (whose capital is now the Turkish city of Trabzon). The Empire's population included Laz (Chani) Georgian tribes, ruled by descendants of the Komnenos family who had recently escaped the wrath of the Greek inhabitants of Constantinople and the European Crusaders. The first ruler of the Empire of Trebizond, Alexios I Komnenos (who had ruled Constantinople), was Tamar's nephew, son of her sister Rusudan. // Events February - Byzantine emperor Alexius IV is overthrown in a revolution, and Alexius V is proclaimed emperor. ... The Empire of Trebizond and other states carved from the Byzantine Empire, as they were in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911) The Empire of Trebizond was a Pontic Greek successor state of the Byzantine Empire founded in 1204 immediately before the fall of Constantinople. ... Map of the Black Sea. ... Trabzon, formerly known as Trebizond (Modern Greek: Î¤ÏÎ±Ï€ÎµÎ¶Î¿ÏÎ½Ï„Î±, TrapezoÃºnta; Ancient Greek: , TrapezoÃ»s), is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. ... Laz may refer to one of the following: Lazs (a Caucasian (Kartvelian) people) Laz language The wife of the Babylonian God Nergal Laz, FinistÃ¨re (a commune in the FinistÃ¨re dÃ©partement, France) Lvivskyi Avtobusnyi Zavod (a bus factory in Ukraine) This page concerning a three-letter acronym or... Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos The Komnenos or Comnenus (Greek: ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½Î¿Î¯) family was an important dynasty in the history of the Byzantine Empire. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Alexios I Megas Komnenos or Alexius I Comnenus (Greek: Î‘Î»ÎÎ¾Î¹Î¿Ï‚ Î‘Î„ ÎœÎÎ³Î±Ï‚ ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚, Alexios I Megas KomnÄ“nos), (c. ... Rusudan was the younger daughter of King Giorgi III of Georgia and of his wife, Burdukhan (Gurandukht), daughter of Khuddan, King of Ossetia. ...

In 1208-1209, Georgians attacked Khlat, Archesh and Ardebil and subjugated local rulers to the Georgian throne. In 1210, the Georgian army campaigned against Northern Persia and plundered the country. ^[12] Events Philip of Swabia King of Germany and rival Holy Roman Emperor to Otto IV, assassinated June 21 in Bamberg by German Count Otto of Wittelsbach because Philip had refused to give him his daughter in marriage. ... Events Albigensian Crusade against Cathars (1209-1218) the Franciscans are founded. ... Ardabil (in persian: Ø§Ø±Ø¯Ø¨ÛŒÙ„ other name: Ardebil ancient name: Artavil ) a historical city in north-western Iran. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births... Motto: de facto: EsteqlÄl, ÄzÄdÄ«, jomhÅ«rÄ«-ye eslÄmÄ«[1] (Persian for Independence, freedom, (the) Islamic Republicde jure: Allaho Akbar (Arabic for God is Great)[2] Anthem: SorÅ«d-e MellÄ«-e ÄªrÄn Capital (and largest city) Tehran Official languages Persian Government Islamic Republic - Supreme...

In June 1212, Tamar had to defeat another rebellion. This time, Pkhovs and Didos, the mountaineers of eastern Georgia rose against the Queen’s authority. Tamar’s army under general Ioane Mkhargrdzeli attacked the rebel provinces and quelled the revolt by August 1212. Events The first Great Fire of London burns most of the city to the ground Battle of Navas de Tolosa Childrens crusade Crusaders push the Muslims out of northern Spain In Japan, Kamo no ChÅmei writes the HÅjÅki, one of the great works of classical Japanese... Mountaineering is an umbrella term that can variously be used to describe the actions of climbing, hillwalking and scrambling. ... Events The first Great Fire of London burns most of the city to the ground Battle of Navas de Tolosa Childrens crusade Crusaders push the Muslims out of northern Spain In Japan, Kamo no ChÅmei writes the HÅjÅki, one of the great works of classical Japanese...

Like other medieval monarchs, Tamar played an active role in promoting her country's religion and culture, sponsoring the construction of numerous Georgian Orthodox churches. The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... The Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Saqartvelos Samotsiqulo Avtokepaluri Martlmadidebeli Eklesia in Georgian language) is one of the worlds most ancient Christian Churches, founded in the 1st century by the Apostle Andrew. ...

Queen Tamar died in 1213 and was canonized by the Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church. May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ... Canonization is the process of declaring someone a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that he or she qualifies for this. ... The Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Saqartvelos Samotsiqulo Avtokepaluri Martlmadidebeli Eklesia in Georgian language) is one of the worlds most ancient Christian Churches, founded in the 1st century by the Apostle Andrew. ...

She was succeeded on the throne by her son Giorgi IV Lasha. Giorgi IV Lasha (Lasha Giorgi; in Georgian: გიორგი IV ლაშა, ლაშა გიორგი) ( 1192- 1223) from the House of Bagrationi, was king of Georgia in 1213- 1223. ...

Issue

Giorgi IV Lasha - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Queen Rusudan (in Georgian: áƒ áƒ£áƒ¡áƒ£áƒ“áƒáƒœáƒ˜) (ca. ...

Tamar's Grave

A legend says, Tamar was buried at the secret place at Gelati Monastery near Kutaisi, Western Georgia. Georgian scholars suggest, Tamar was buried in one of Gelati’s niches. Queen Tamar’s words are quoted from a 12th century literary source: "To my ancestors’ land, to the monastery of Gelati will I be taken, and buried there in an honourable grave". There is another belief, which prevails today, that Queen Tamar was buried at the new Gelati Monastery. Image File history File linksMetadata Queentamarrean. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Queentamarrean. ... Gelati Monastery The Monastery of the Virgin - Gelati near Kutaisi (Imereti region of Western Georgia) was founded by the King of Georgia David the Builder (1089-1125) in 1106. ... Kutaisi (Georgian: ; ancient names: Aea/Aia, Kutatisi, KutaÃ¯ssi ) is Georgias second largest city in the western province of Imereti. ...

Tamar in Georgian Literature and Art

The poet Shota Rustaveli commemorated Tamar in his epic poem The Knight in the Panther's Skin, in which her coronation gave Rustaveli the historical background for his sublime description of the coronation of Tinatin. Chakhrukhadze was another Georgian poet of that time who devoted his poem “Tamariani” to the Queen. Numerous folk songs, poems and legends are also dedicated to her. Shota Rustaveli, an artistic notion of the poet by Sergo Kobuladze (1937) Shota Rustaveli (áƒ¨áƒáƒ—áƒ áƒ áƒ£áƒ¡áƒ—áƒáƒ•áƒ”áƒšáƒ˜) was a Georgian poet of the 12th century, considered by many to be one of the greatest representatives of the literature of the medieval world. ... King Rostevan and Avtandil go hunting. ...

Tamar’s frescos are preserved in the Monasteries of Gelati, Vardzia, Betania and Kintsvisi. This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Vardzia as seen from the bell tower Cave City of Vardzia is a hidden monastery dug into the side of the Erusheli mountain in south Georgia near Aspindza. ... Kintsvisi Monastery (Georgian: áƒ§áƒ˜áƒœáƒ¬áƒ•áƒ˜áƒ¡áƒ˜, Qincvisi) is a Georgian Orthodox monastery in the Shida Kartli region, eastern Georgia, 10 km from the town Kareli, on a forested slope of a high mountain of the Dzama valley. ...

Title

H.M. The Most High Queen Thamar, by the will of our Lord, King of Kings and Queen of Queens of the Abkhazians, Kartvelians, Ranians, Kakhetians and the Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah and Master of all the East and West, Glory of the World and Faith, Champion of the Messiah.

Notes

External links

Categories: 1160 births | 1213 deaths | Georgian saints | Queens regnant | Monarchs of Georgia | Trabzon | Women in Medieval warfare Giorgi III (გიორგი III) (d. ... This is a list of the kings and queens of Georgia, an ancient kingdom in the Caucasus Mountains which lasted until 1801. ... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ... May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ... Giorgi IV Lasha (Lasha Giorgi; in Georgian: გიორგი IV ლაშა, ლაშა გიორგი) ( 1192- 1223) from the House of Bagrationi, was king of Georgia in 1213- 1223. ...

Contents

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