Tamil literature is literature in the Tamil language which most prominently includes the contributions of the "Tamil country" (or Tamizhagam) history, a large part of which constitutes the modern state of Tamil Nadu and Kerala as well as some parts of Karnataka and Andra pradesh. Because of the antiquity of the Tamil language, Tamil literature has a rich literary tradition spanning more than 2000 years and is particularly known for its poetic nature in the form of epics, and philosophical and secular works. Literature is literally acquaintance with letters as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary (from the Latin littera meaning an individual written character (letter)). The term has generally come to identify a collection of texts, which in Western culture are mainly prose, both fiction and non-fiction... Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... The Tamil people are an ethnic group from South Asia with a recorded history going back more than two millennia. ... Modern can simply mean something that is up-to-date, trendy, new, or from the present time. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Kerala (IPA: ; Malayalam: കേരളം — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Ancient history is the study of significant cultural and political events from the beginning of human history until the Early Middle Ages. ... The word tradition, comes from the Latin word traditio which means to hand down or to hand over. ... The corect pronunsiation of this word is PO-EM. Pohm is a coloquialism of the USA. Poetry (from Ancient Greek: (poiéo/poió) = I create) is traditionally a written art form (although there is also an ancient and modern poetry which relies mainly upon oral or pictorial representations) in which... The epic is a broadly defined genre of poetry, and one of the major forms of narrative literature. ... The Philosopher (detail), by Rembrandt Philosophy is a study that includes diverse subfields such as aesthetics, epistemology, ethics, logic, and metaphysics. ... This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ...

Ancient literature

Sangam literature

Main article: Sangam Literature

See also: Sangam, Tolkāppiyam, Kumarikkandam Sangam Literature is the collective name for the Tamil literature created over 1800 years ago. ... The Sangam is a collection of Tamil literature composed between 1,500 and 2,000 years ago. ... Tolkāppiyam (தொல்காப்பியம் in Tamil) is a book on the grammar of the Tamil language. ... Kumari Kandam is a legendary sunken landmass to the south of Kanyakumari, at the tip of South India. ...

The earliest extant Tamil literature is a collection of eight anthologies of poems (the Ettuthokai), a collection of ten long songs (the Pattupattu), and a commentary on grammar, phonetics, rhetoric and poetics (the Tolkaappiyam). Tamil legends hold that these were composed in three successive poetic assemblies (Sangam) that were held in ancient times on a now-vanished continent far to the south of India. The tolkappiyam is traditionally attributed to the second Sangam, while the Ettuthokai and the Pattupattu are assigned to the third Sangam. A significant amount of literature could have preceded Tolkappiyam as grammar books are usually written after the existence of literature over long periods. Tamil tradition holds the earliest Sangam poetry to be over twelve millennia old. Modern linguistic scholarship places the poems between the second century BC and the third century AD. Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... The corect pronunsiation of this word is PO-EM. Pohm is a coloquialism of the USA. Poetry (from Ancient Greek: (poiéo/poió) = I create) is traditionally a written art form (although there is also an ancient and modern poetry which relies mainly upon oral or pictorial representations) in which... Ettuthokai (எட்டுத்தொகை)– The Eight Anthologies - form part of the Pathinenmaelkanakku anthology series of the Sangam Literature. ... A song is a relatively short musical composition for the human voice (possibly accompanied by other musical instruments), which features words (lyrics). ... Pattupattu (பத்துப்பாட்டு) – The ten Idylls, is an anthology of ten mind length books and is one of the oldest surviving Tamil Poetry. ... Grammar is the study of rules governing the use of language. ... Phonetics (from the Greek word φωνή, phone = sound/voice) is the study of sounds (voice). ... Rhetoric from Greek ρήτωρ, rhêtôr, orator) is the art or technique of persuasion, usually through the use of language. ... Aristotles Poetics aims to give an account of poetry. ... Tolkāppiyam (தொல்காப்பியம் in Tamil) is a book on the grammar of the Tamil language. ... Kumari Kandam is a legendary sunken landmass to the south of Kanyakumari, at the tip of South India. ... Ettuthokai (எட்டுத்தொகை)– The Eight Anthologies - form part of the Pathinenmaelkanakku anthology series of the Sangam Literature. ... Pattupattu (பத்துப்பாட்டு) – The ten Idylls, is an anthology of ten mind length books and is one of the oldest surviving Tamil Poetry. ... Linguistics is the scientific study of human language, and someone who engages in this study is called a linguist. ...

The Tolkaappiyam classifies the poems of the eight anthologies into two, those dealing with the "interior", or akam, and those dealing with the "exterior", or puram. Akam poetry consists of very stylistic and well structured poems dealing with various aspects of love and romance. Puram poetry is more 'bardic' or 'heroic', dealing with themes such as war, bravery, heroism, glory, virtue, customs, ethics, generosity and poverty. Tolkāppiyam (தொல்காப்பியம் in Tamil) is a book on the grammar of the Tamil language. ... A cartoonish version of the heart, a frequent modern symbol of love Love (Origin: An Indo-Iranian word. ... The only atomic weapons ever used in war - the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan by the United States on August 9, 1945, effectively ending World War II. The bombs over Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki immediately killed over 120,000 people. ... This article is about the type of character. ... Ethics (from Greek ἦθος meaning custom) is the branch of axiology, one of the four major branches of philosophy, which attempts to understand the nature of morality; to distinguish that which is right from that which is wrong. ... World map showing Life expectancy. ...

The Tolkaappiyam explains that poetry deals primarily with human emotions, which are incapable of complete description by verbalisation. Classical Tamil poetry, therefore, relied on delicate lyricism and vivid, but subtle, imagery, conveyed through uḷḷurai uvamam, suggestive hidden metaphors whose meaning unfolds slowly and with introspection. The metaphors are shaped to evoke memories of a landscape - with its flowers and trees - at a particular time and in a season. The metaphors of akam and puram poems were sorted into five genres, each associated with a specific landscape or tinai. The images associated with these landscapes - birds, beasts, flowers, gods, music, people, weather, seasons - were used to subtly convey a mood, associated with one aspect of life (see box 1). Thus, for example, the hillside provided the kurinji tinai in akam poetry, associated with the early stages of love - attraction and union, clandestine meetings on hilltops - and the veṭci tinai in puram poetry - the early stages of war, the beginning of a struggle or hardship. The atmosphere was heightened by the fact that the poems - especially akam poems - were almost never in the voice of a poet, nor were they addressed to a reader. A character connected with the relationship or the events that are the subject of the poem speaks, and the reader is never more than an interloper, an eavesdropper who overhears a part of the conversation. Tolkāppiyam (தொல்காப்பியம் in Tamil) is a book on the grammar of the Tamil language. ... Emotion, in its most general definition, is a neural impulse that moves an organism to action, prompting automatic reactive behavior that has been adapted through evolution as a survival mechanism to meet a survival need. ... Sangam Literature is the collective name for the Tamil literature created over 1800 years ago. ... In language, a metaphor (from the Greek: metapherin) is a rhetorical trope defined as a direct comparison or cross mapping across two or more seemingly unrelated subjects. ... The Sangam landscape is categorisation the Tamil landscape into various Thinais depending on the nature, location and the mood of the poem. ... A cartoonish version of the heart, a frequent modern symbol of love Love (Origin: An Indo-Iranian word. ... The only atomic weapons ever used in war - the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan by the United States on August 9, 1945, effectively ending World War II. The bombs over Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki immediately killed over 120,000 people. ... A poet exists within a cultural and intellectual tradition and usually writes in a specific language, but the qualities of good poetry are to some extent timeless and address issues common to all humanity. ... A reader might be several different things, depending on the context: there are several cities in the United States named Reader a reader is a minor member of the clergy in some Christian churches a reader is a book of different pieces of writing, often by many authors, collected for...

The Ten Idyls are, in comparison, more rooted in realism. Half of them are of the type called Attruppadai, travel songs where a bard directs other bards to a fertile, bountiful land where the king is generous. The songs contain beautiful descriptions of the hills and the valleys and the fields of the land, and the people, the animals and the trees that live there. The best known are the descriptions of the dawn in malainatu in the Malaipatukatam and the Kurincippattu, the song of the north wind in the Nedunalvadai, and the description of the ancient city of Poompuhar, Puhar of the blossom, in the Pattinappaalai. Pattupattu (பத்துப்பாட்டு) – The ten Idylls, is an anthology of ten mind length books and is one of the oldest surviving Tamil Poetry. ... Realism is commonly defined as a concern for fact or reality and rejection of the impractical and visionary. ... A bard is a poet or singer, in religious or feudal contexts. ... Look up monarch in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A monarch (see sovereign) is a type of ruler or head of state. ... Poompuhar is a town in the southern part of India in the state of Tamil Nadu. ...

Post-Sangam period

The post-Sangam period witnessed the growth of Buddhism and Jainism in Southern India and reflected in the literary works of this period. Thirukkural, Silapadhigaaram and Aathichoodi were some of the major works of this period. Silapadhigaaram by Ilangovadigal tells the tale of Kannagi, Kovalan and Maadhavi. Thirukkural by Thiruvalluvar consists of 1330 couplets which discuss about various aspects of life and is widely known even today. Aathichoodi, a collection of single-line quotes was written by Avaiyar, a young poetess who became prematurely old according to folklore. The first word in each saying is based on alphabetical order. Buddhism (Pāli Buddhadhamma or Sanskrit Buddhadharma) is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, who lived in the 5th century BCE. Buddhism spread throughout the ancient Indian sub-continent in the five centuries following his death, and propagated into Central, Southeast, and... Pre-Kushana Ayagapatta from Mathura Jainism (pronounced in English as //), traditionally known as Jain Dharma (जैन धर्म), is a religion and philosophy originating in the prehistory of South Asia. ... Tiruvalluvar statue at Kanyakumari Tirukural (திருக்குறள் in Tamil) is an important work of Tamil literature by Tiruvalluvar written in the form of couplets expounding various aspects of life. ... Cilappatikaram (The Anklet) also spelled as Cilappadhikaram or Silappadhigaram, is one of the five great epics of ancient Tamil Literature. ... Aathichoodi is a collection of single-line quotes written by Auvaiyar and organized in alphabetical order. ... Cilappatikaram (The Anklet) also spelled as Cilappadhikaram or Silappadhigaram, is one of the five great epics of ancient Tamil Literature. ... Kannagi, a mythological Tamil woman, is the central character of the South Indian epic Silapathikaram. ... Tiruvalluvar statue at Kanyakumari Tirukural (திருக்குறள் in Tamil) is an important work of Tamil literature by Tiruvalluvar written in the form of couplets expounding various aspects of life. ... A couplet is a pair of lines of verse that form a unit. ... Aathichoodi is a collection of single-line quotes written by Auvaiyar and organized in alphabetical order. ... Auvaiyar is a female icon of Tamil literature. ... Folklore is the body of verbal expressive culture, including tales, legends, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs current among a particular population, comprising the oral tradition of that culture, subculture, or group. ... This article needs cleanup. ...

The dark age

Tamil literature witnessed a temporary slump due to the Kalabhras invasion around 250 AD. As the Kalabrahs could not speak Tamil, Tamil literature and art was not promoted as Jainism flourished during this period. The notable literary work of this period was "Mutolayirtam", a collection of poems that describe the glory of the Chola, Chera and Pandya dynasty. Kalabhras were the South Indian dynasty who between the 3rd and the 6th century C.E. ruled over entire Tamil country, displacing the ancient Chola, Pandya and Chera dynasties. ... The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ... The Cheras were one of the three ancient Tamil dynasties who ruled the southern peninsula of India at the beginning of its recorded history. ... The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...

Medieval literature

The Bhakti cult

The spread of religions like Jainism and Buddhism resulted in a new religious movement that saw the revival of Shaivism and Vaishnavism, known as the Bhakti movement. This also resulted in the creation of huge number of literary works, primarily by the Alvars and the Nayanmars, who sung the praise of Vishnu and Shiva respectively. Periya puranaam, Divya Prabhandham,Thiruppavai, Thiruvempaavai and Dhevaaram were all written during the Bhakti cult. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Vaishnavism is one of the principal divisions of Hinduism. ... Bhakti movements are Hindu religious movements in which the main spiritual practice is the fostering of loving devotion to God, called bhakti. ... The Alvars are Hindu saints, followers of Lord Vishnu. ... The Nayanars were the sincere and ardent devotees of Lord Siva. ... The Naalayira Divyap Prabhandham is one of the most sacred texts in Hinduism, especially in South India. ... Bhakti - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

South Indias 75 Apostles of Bhakti are the twelve Alvars (also, Aazhvaars, Aazhwaars) and sixty-three Nayanmars (also Nayanars, Naayanars, Naayanmaars). ...

The epic period

The emergence of the Cholas around 800 AD greatly benefitted Tamil Literature. Just as Pandyas provided a strong patronage for art and literature during the Sangam and post-Sangam period, Cholas provided a strong supporting hand to arts and literature. Kambaramayanam, considered one of the best poetic work in Tamil emerged during this period. Kambaramayanam was a version of the Ramayana by the poet Kamban (Kambar). Manimekalai, Seevaga Sindhamani, Valayaapathi and Kundalakesi (along with Silapadhigaaram, they constitute The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature) were the most significant works of this period. The Cholas were a South Indian Tamil dynasty, antedating the early Sangam literature (c. ... Kamba Ramayanam is a Tamil epic that was written by Kamban during the 9th century. ... The Rāmāyana (Sanskrit: रामायण, march or journey (Āyana) of Rāma) is part of the Hindu smriti, written by Valmiki. ... Kambar is one of the greatest Tamil poets. ... Manimekalai is one of the masterpieces of Tamil literature and belongs to The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature. ... seevaga-chintamani (transliterated with innumerable variations) is a classical Tamil language epic poem. ... Manimegalai, Seevaga Sindhamani, Valayaapathi, Kundalakesi and Silapadhigaaram constitute the Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature. ...

The modern era

The nineteenth and the twentieth century witnessed works with predominantly social themes. Prathaba Mudhaliar Charithram, the first novel in Tamil was written in 1857. One of the notable facts in later Tamil literature is the emergence of a new literary style, the 'Ammanai form' of writing which developed in Tamil Nadu around the nineteenth century. Akilattirattu Ammanai the scripture of Ayyavazhi is the largest work in Ammanai form. The greatest poet of this era was Subramanya Bharathy (better known as Bharathiar), who was also a great freedom fighter. His works are particularly stimulating in their progressive themes like freedom and feminism. Inspired by Bharathy, many poets resorted to poetry as a means of reform. Bharathidasan was one such poet whose works stand out for their "poetic richness" and revolutionary messages. Kalki Krishnamurthy, one of the most renowned and respected writers took Tamil novels to a different plane through his works - Sivagamiyin Sabhadham and Ponniyin Selvan which are based on historical themes. Sangam Literature is the collective name for the Tamil literature created over 1800 years ago. ... Agattiyam, according to mentions inSangam Literature, was the first known book on Tamil grammar. ... The Tolkāppiyam (தொல்காப்பியம் in Tamil) is a work on the grammar of the Tamil language. ... Pathinenmaelkanakku is the collection of the oldest surviving Tamil Poetry. ... Ettuthokai (எட்டுத்தொகை)– The Eight Anthologies - form part of the Pathinenmaelkanakku anthology series of the Sangam Literature. ... Ainkurnuru (ஐங்குறுநூறு) is a book containing five hundred short poems and is part of Ettuthokai, a Sangam literature anthology. ... Akananuru (அகநானுறு) is the seventh book in the Sangam literature anthology Ettuthokai. ... Pura Nanooru or Pura Nanuru is an ancient Tamil Sangam collection of poems, dating from 900 BCE to 220 CE. It is one of the oldest Tamil anthologies. ... Kaliththokai (கலித்தொகை) is the sixth book of Ettuthokai, a Sangam literature anthology. ... Kuruntokai (குறுந்தொகை) is the second book of Ettuthokai, a Sangam literature anthology. ... Natrinai (நற்றிணை), is a book of Ettuthokai, a Sangam literature anthology. ... Paripaatal (பரிபாடல்), is the fifth book in the Ettuthokai, a Sangam literature anthology. ... Pathirruppaththu (பதிற்றுப்பத்து), is the fourth book in the Ettuthokai, a Sangam literature anthology. ... Pattupattu (பத்துப்பாட்டு) – The ten Idylls, is an anthology of ten mind length books and is one of the oldest surviving Tamil Poetry. ... Tirumurugarruppatai by Nakkirar is one of the most important works of Sangam Literature. ... Tiruvalluvar statue at Kanyakumari Tirukural (திருக்குறள் in Tamil) is an important work of Tamil literature by Tiruvalluvar written in the form of couplets expounding various aspects of life. ... Manimegalai, Seevaga Sindhamani, Valayaapathi, Kundalakesi and Silapadhigaaram constitute the Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature. ... Cilappatikaram (The Anklet) also spelled as Cilappadhikaram or Silappadhigaram, is one of the five great epics of ancient Tamil Literature. ... Manimekalai is one of the masterpieces of Tamil literature and belongs to The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature. ... seevaga-chintamani (transliterated with innumerable variations) is a classical Tamil language epic poem. ... The Sangam is a collection of Tamil literature composed between 1,500 and 2,000 years ago. ... The Sangam landscape is categorisation the Tamil landscape into various Thinais depending on the nature, location and the mood of the poem. ... PRATHAPA MUDALIAR CHARITHRAM This book is a tribute to the father of world of tamil drama-Prathapa mudaliar. ... Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe; title page of 1719 newspaper edition A novel (from French nouvelle, new) is an extended fictional narrative in prose. ... This is a new literary style of writing originated in Tamil Nadu around the ninteenth Century. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Akilathirattu Ammanai அகிலத்திரட்டு அம்மானை (Tamil: akilam (world) + thirattu (collection) + ammanai (ballad)), also called Thiru Edu (venerable book), is the main religious book of the Southern Indian Ayyavazhi faith, officially an offshoot of Hinduism. ... Ayyavazhi (Tamil: path of the father), officially a Tamil monistic religion that originated in South India in the mid-19th century. ... Mahakavi Bharathi 1882-1921 Subramanya Bharathi (December 11, 1882 - September 11, 1921) better known as Mahakavi Bharathiar (Maha Kavi meaning Great Poet) in Tamil, is deemed one of the greatest poets of twentieth-century India. ... Freedom fighter is a relativistic local term for those engaged in rebellion against an established government that is held to be oppressive and illegitimate. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Mohandas K. Gandhi - Freedom can be achieved through inner sovereignty. ... Feminism is a diverse, competing, and often opposing collection of social theories, political movements, and moral philosophies, largely motivated by or concerning the experiences of women. ... Bharathidasan (April 29, 1891 - April 1, 1964) was a twentieth century Tamil poet and rationalist whose literary works handled mostly socio-political issues. ... Kalki R Krishnamurthy (1899 - 1954) Kalki is the pen name of Krishnamurthy (September 9, 1899 - December 5, 1954), freedom fighter, novelist, short story writer, journalist, satirist, travel writer, script-writer, poet, critic and connoisseur of the arts. ... Sivagamiyin sabatham (The vow of Sivagami — சிவகாமியின் சபதம் in Tamil) is a Tamil historical novel written by Kalki in 1944. ... Ponniyin Selvan (The Son of Ponni) is a famous 20th-century Tamil historical novel written by Kalki Krishnamurthy. ... History is often used as a generic term for information about the past, such as in geologic history of the Earth. When used as the name of a field of study, history refers to the study and interpretation of the record of human societies. ...

Famous contemporary writers

The Herald period:(1800-1920)

• Maraimalai Adigal
• Vallalaar Ramalinga Adigalaar
• Parithimaar Kalaignar
• Arumuga Naavalar
• Meenaatchi Sundarampillai
• Va.O.Chidambarampillai
• Kavimani Desika Vinayagampillai
• Subramanya Bharathi( original title -Paa Rathi, "veteran of verses", just like Maha Rathi Bhishmar )
• Suddhaanantha Bharathi

Renaissance period:(1920-1960) Maraimalai Adigal was a Vedic scholar, Vaedhaachchala Swamigal who studied deep into the realm of the sacred classical Tamil language turned a purist and changed his name to a Tamil version with unchanged essence-MaraiMalai Adigal- a devotee by name, the mountain of the Sacred Text. He lived in the... Parithimaar Kalaignyar was a Vedic scholar and priest who lived in the 19th century. ...

• Bharathidasan
• Mu. Varatharaasanaar
• Ki. Aa. Pe. Viswanaatham
• Ki. Vaa. Jagannaatham
• Kalki Krishnamurthy
• C.N.Annadurai
• Raa. Pi. Sethupillai
• Thiru. Vi. Kalyaanasundaram
• Karunanithi
• Pattukottai Azhagiri
• Pattukottai Kalyaanasundaram
• Akilan
• Kannadasan

Classical period:(1960-1980) Bharathidasan (April 29, 1891 - April 1, 1964) was a twentieth century Tamil poet and rationalist whose literary works handled mostly socio-political issues. ... Kalki R Krishnamurthy (1899 - 1954) Kalki is the pen name of Krishnamurthy (September 9, 1899 - December 5, 1954), freedom fighter, novelist, short story writer, journalist, satirist, travel writer, script-writer, poet, critic and connoisseur of the arts. ... C.N.Annadurai (1909 to 1969), popularly called Anna (which means elder brother in Tamil language) was the first non Congress Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, India. ... Kaviyarasu Kannadasan Kannadasan (24 June 1927 – 17 October 1981) was a famous Tamil poet and lyricist, who lived in Tamil Nadu, India. ...

• SuRaTha
• Maa.Po.Sivajnyaanam
• Sundara Ramasamy
• Ashoka Mitran
• Koththamangalam Subbu
• Krishnamani / Manisastry
• Mowni
• Jayakanthan
• Sandilyan
• Pudhumaipithan
• Indira Soundarajan
• Indira Parthasarathi
• Thi.Janakiraman

Free world period:(since 1980) Categories: Stub | 1931 births | Tamil people ... Mowni was the pen name of Tamil fiction writer S. Mani (1907- 1985). ... Jayakanthan (born 1934) is a Tamil writer, essayist, journalist, pamphleteer, film-maker and critic. ... Pudhumaipithan April 25, 1906 - May 5, 1948 Pudhumaipithan is the pseudonym of Viruthachalam(April 25, 1906 - May 5, 1948),one of the most influential and revolutionary writers of Tamil fiction. ... Indira Soundarajan is a well known Tamil author. ... T. Janakiraman also known as ThiJaa, is one of the giants of Tamil fiction . ...

• Erode Tamizhanban
• Abdul Ragumaan
• Vaali
• Vairamuthu
• Prof. Karmegha Konar
• Laa.Sa. Ramamirutham
• C. S. Lakshmi a.k.a Ambai
• Ku. Pa. Rajagopalan
• Jayamohan
• S. Ramakrishnan
• Charuniveditha
• Paa. Singaram
• M. V. Venkatram
• Karikkan Kunju
• Si. Su. Chellappa
• Paavannan
• Thazhayasingam
• A.Muthulingam
• Vaasanthi
• Kanimozhi
• Thenkacchi Ko. Swaminaathan
• Suki Sivam
• Ve.Iraiyanbu, I.A.S.
• Paa. Vijai

Vaali,the slang used by people in kerala used for refering to usually young generation. ... Vairamuthu, born in 1953 in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu is a reputed Tamil poet and star lyricist. ... Prof. ... B. Jayamohan or B. Jeyamohan Noted Tamil writer and literary critic. ... Charuniveditha Noted Tamil writer and literary critic. ... This article is the second in a series of The History of Literature. ... This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, etc. ... This article is about the Bengali language. ... The Kannada language belongs to the Dravidian family of languages and is the second oldest language currently spoken in India. ... Literature in Hindi, the language spoken by the majority of people in India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Indian English Literature. ... Literature in Marathi. ... Literature written in Malayalam language. ... Pakistani literature, that is, the literature of Pakistan, as a distinct literature came into being when Pakistan gained its nationhooood as a sovereign state in 1947. ... Urdu literature has a long and colorful history that is inextricably tied to the development of that very language, Urdu, in which it is written. ... Center For Arabic Culture (CAC) Christina Campo-Abdoun & Seifed-Din Abdoun http://cacac. ... Japanese literature spans a period of almost two millennia. ... Vietnamese literature is literature, both oral and written, created by Vietnamese-speaking people. ...

Commercial writers

Who write in tabloids and pocket novels for ordinary readers

• Sujatha
• Balakumaran
• Pattukottai Prabhakar
• Rajesh Kumar
• Rajendra Kumar
• Suba
• Sivasankari
• Anuradha Ramanan
• Ramani Chandiran

Sujatha (Born May 3rd,1935) Writer of over 80 novels, 150 short stories, ten science books, ten dramas, numerous poems and articles, he is originally known as Rangarajan. ... Balakumaran is a well-known contemporary writer of the Tamil language. ... Rajendra kumar was the bollywod icon of the 60s and 70s. ... Sivasankari (born October 14, 1942) is a popular Tamil writer and activist. ...

Major poets of recent times

• Pramil a.k.a Dharmoo Sivaramoo
• Pasuvayya a.k.a Sundara Ramasamy
• Vannadasan a.k.a Kalyanji
• Atmanam

Modern Tamil women poets

• Kanimozhi
• Malathi Maithri
• Uma Maheshwari
• Sugirtharani
• Kutti Revathi
• Salma

Most of these women poets are emerging modern poets but are under controversies. They are criticized harshly for writing on behind-screen themes using vulgar language. They argue that they speak for the suppressed women of their age.

Literary magazines or siru pathirikaigal

• Kalachuvadu
• Theeranadhi
• Padigal
• Nigazh etc.,

References

• Hart, George L. (1975), The poems of ancient Tamil : their milieu and their Sanskrit counterparts. University of California Press, Berkeley. ISBN 0520026721.

External links

• Project Noolaham - A collection of Tamil e-texts
• Tamil Language & Literature
• Project Madurai - A collection of Tamil e-texts
• Kalachuvadu - Electronic version of famous literature magazine, published from Nagercoil
• For better or verse - Deccan Herald critique (in defense) on modern women poets' work
• Charu's writings
• Siru Pathirigai Uyirmmai
• Siru Pathirigai Keetru