Tango is a style of music that originated among European immigrant populations of Argentina and Uruguay. It is traditionally played by a sextet, known as the orquesta típica, which includes two violins, piano, doublebass, and two bandoneons. Earlier forms of this ensemble sometimes included flute, clarinet and guitar. Tango music may be purely instrumental or may include a vocalist. Tango music is well-known across much of the world, along with the associated tango dance. Street musicians in Prague playing a polka Polka is a type of dance, and also a genre of dance music. ... Milonga is a South American form of music, as dance, as the term for the place where tango is danced. ... The habanera is a musical style or genre from Cuba with a characteristic Habanera rhythm; it is one of the oldest mainstays of Cuban music and the first of the dances from Cuba to be exported all over the world. ... Flamenco is a Spanish musical genre. ... The mazurka (Polish: mazurek, named after Polands Mazovia district; mazurka is the feminine form of mazurek) is a Polish folk dance in triple metre with a lively tempo, containing a heavy accent on the third or second beat. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified with the purpose of making music. ... The violin is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. ... A short grand piano, with the top up. ... For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... â™  This article is about the family of musical instruments. ... The bandone n is a free-reed instrument instrument particularly popular in Argentina. ... The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the World Depression. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Tango nuevo or nuevo tango (ang. ... Tango nuevo or nuevo tango is a form of both dance and music in which elements of jazz and classical music were incorporated into traditional Argentinian tango. ... A couple dances Argentine Tango. ... The maxixe (pronounced ma-shi-sh), occasionally known as the Brazilian tango, is a dance, with its accompanying music, that originated in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro in 1868, at about the same time as the tango was developing in neighbouring Argentina and Uruguay. ... See also Tango music Categories: Tango | Record labels ... Orquesta típica (or tango orchestra) is an orchestra or chamber group that traditionally plays Argentine tango music. ... The violin is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. ... A short grand piano, with the top up. ... The double bass is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument used in the modern symphony orchestra. ... The bandone n is a free-reed instrument instrument particularly popular in Argentina. ... â™  This article is about the family of musical instruments. ... Two soprano clarinets: a Bâ™­ clarinet (left, with capped mouthpiece) and an A clarinet (right, with no mouthpiece). ... For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... A couple dances Argentine Tango. ...

Origins

Early Bandoneon, ca. 1905

The first Tango ever recorded was made by Angel Villoldo and played by the French national guard in Paris. Villoldo had to record in Paris because in Argentina at the time there was no recording studio. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1232x605, 83 KB) Early Bandoneon, ca. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1232x605, 83 KB) Early Bandoneon, ca. ...

Early tango was played by immigrants in Buenos Aires. The first generation of tango players was called "Guardia Vieja" (the Old Guard). By the end of the 19th century, this blend of salon, European was heard throughout metropolitan Buenos Aires. It took time to move into wider circles: in the early 20th century it was the favorite music of thugs and gangsters who visited the brothels, in a city with 100,000 more men than women (in 1914). The complex dances that arose from this rich music reflects the habit of men to practice tango together in groups, expressing both machismo and sexual desire, leading to the distinct mix of sensitivity and aggressiveness of the form. The music was played on portable instruments: flute, guitar and violin trios, with bandoneón arriving at the end of the 19th century. The organito, a portable player-organ, broadened the popularity of certain songs. Eduardo Arolas was the major instrument of the bandoneón's popularization, with Vicente Greco soon standardizing the tango sextet as consisting of piano, double bass, two violins and two bandoneóns. Like many forms of popular music, the tango was associated with the underclass, and the better-off Argentines tried to restrict its influence. In spite of the scorn, some, like writer Ricardo Güiraldes, were fans. Güiraldes played a part in the international popularization of the tango, which had conquered the world by the end of World War I, and wrote a poem ("Tango") which describes the music as the "all-absorbing love of a tyrant, jealously guarding his dominion, over women who have surrendered submissively, like obedient beasts".[1] For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... â™  This article is about the family of musical instruments. ... For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... The violin is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. ... Bandoneon Cardenal (made by ELA for Hohner) The bandoneón is a free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Eduardo Arolas (February 24, 1892 - September 29, 1924) was an Argentine tango Bandoneon player, leader and composer. ... Ricardo Güiraldes (13 February 1886 — 8 October 1927)[1] was an Argentine novelist and poet, one of the most significant Argentine writers of his era, particularly known for his 1926 novel Don Segundo Sombra, set among the gauchos. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

1920s and 1930s, Carlos Gardel

Carlos Gardel, mural painting by Carlos Páez Vilaró

Tango soon began to gain popularity in Europe, beginning in France. Superstar Rudolph Valentino soon became a sex symbol who brought the tango to new audiences, especially in the United States, due to his sensual depictions of the dance on film. In the 1920s, tango moved out of the lower-class brothels and became a more respectable form of music and dance. Bandleaders like Roberto Firpo and Francisco Canaro dropped the flute and added a double bass in its place. Lyrics were still typically macho, blaming women for countless heartaches, and the dance moves were still sexual and aggressive. Image File history File links Mural_Paez_Vilaro. ... Image File history File links Mural_Paez_Vilaro. ... Carlos Gardel (1933) Carlos Gardel (11 December 1887/18901 - 24 June 1935 Medellín, Colombia) was perhaps the most prominent figure in the history of tango. ... Rudolph Valentino (May 6, 1895 – August 23, 1926) was an Italian actor. ... Marilyn Monroe, one of the most iconic and famous female sex symbols of all time. ... Roberto Firpo (May 10, 1884 - June 14, 1969) was an Tango Pianist, composer and leader. ... Uruguayan born violinist and (Argentine tango) orchestra leader Francisco Pirincho Canaro (1888-1964) had a career that spanned many decades, and his orchestra was one of the most recorded. ... Side and front views of a modern double bass with a French bow. ...

Carlos Gardel became especially associated with the transition from a lower-class "gangster" music to a respectable middle-class dance. He helped develop tango-canción in the 1920s and became one of the most popular tango artists of all time. He was also one of the precursors of the Golden Age of tango. Carlos Gardel (1933) Carlos Gardel (11 December 1887/18901 - 24 June 1935 Medellín, Colombia) was perhaps the most prominent figure in the history of tango. ... The 1920s is a decade that is sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ...

Gardel's death was followed by a division into movements within tango. Evolutionists like Aníbal Troilo and Carlos di Sarli were opposed to traditionalists like Rodolfo Biagi and Juan D'Arienzo. Aníbal Troilo(July 11, 1914 - May 18, 1975) was an Argentine tango musician. ... Carlos Di Sarli (January 7, 1903 - January 12, 1960) developed smooth, clean-sounding, powerful arrangements which his orchestra played the walking beat of salon tango. ... Rodolfo Biagi (14 March 1906 - 24 September 1969) started his musical career by playing background music for silent movies, and this was where he was first discovered by a tango band leader. ... Juan DArienzo ( 1900- 1976) was known as El Rey del Compas (King of the Beat). ...

Golden Age

The "Golden Age" of tango music and dance is generally agreed to have been the period from about 1935 to 1952, roughly contemporaneous with the big band era in the United States. A big band is a type of musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late 1940s, although there are many big-bands around nowadays. ...

Some of the many popular and influential orchestras included the orchestras of Juan D'Arienzo, Francisco Canaro, and Aníbal Troilo. D'Arienzo was called the "Rey del compás" or "King of the beat" for the insistent, driving rhythm which can be heard on many of his recordings. "El flete" is an excellent example of D'Arienzo's approach. Canaro's early milongas are generally the slowest and easiest to dance to; and for that reason, they are the most frequently played at tango dances (milongas); "Milonga Sentimental" is a classic example. Juan DArienzo ( 1900- 1976) was known as El Rey del Compas (King of the Beat). ... Uruguayan born violinist and (Argentine tango) orchestra leader Francisco Pirincho Canaro (1888-1964) had a career that spanned many decades, and his orchestra was one of the most recorded. ... Aníbal Troilo(July 11, 1914 - May 18, 1975) was an Argentine tango musician. ... Milonga is a South American form of music, as dance, as the term for the place where tango is danced. ... Milonga is a term for a place or an event where tango is danced. ...

Beginning in the Golden Age and continuing afterwards, the orchestras of Osvaldo Pugliese and Carlos di Sarli made many recordings. Di Sarli had a lush, grandiose sound, and emphasized strings and piano over the bandoneon, which is heard in "A la gran muñeca" and "Bahía Blanca" (the name of his home town). Carlos Di Sarli (January 7, 1903 - January 12, 1960) developed smooth, clean-sounding, powerful arrangements which his orchestra played the walking beat of salon tango. ... Plaza Rivadavia Bahía Blanca is a city located in the south east of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by the Atlantic Ocean, head town of Bahia Blanca Partido. ...

Pugliese's first recordings were not too different from those of other dance orchestras, but he developed a complex, rich, and sometimes discordant sound, which is heard in his signature pieces, "Gallo ciego", "Emancipación", and "La yumba". Pugliese's later music was played for an audience and not intended for dancing, although it is often used for stage choreography for its dramatic potential, and sometimes played late at night at milongas. Milonga is a term for a place or an event where tango is danced. ...

Tango nuevo

The later age of tango has been dominated by Ástor Piazzolla, who became famous after Carlos Gardel's El día que me quieras was released. During the 1950s, Piazzolla consciously tried to create a more academic form with new sounds breaking the classic forms of tango, earning the derision of purists and old-time performers. The 1970s saw Buenos Aires developing a fusion of jazz and tango. Litto Nebbia and Siglo XX were especially popular within this movement. An important work of recent years is that of Argentine band 020 (zero2zero), whose epic album "End of Illusions" mixed British style pop-rock with nuevo tango. Ástor Pantaleón Piazzolla (March 11, 1921 – July 4, 1992) was an Argentine tango composer and bandoneón player. ... The 1950s decade refers to the years 1950 to 1959 inclusive. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ...

The so-called post-Piazzolla generation (1980-) includes musicians such as Dino Saluzzi, Rodolfo Mederos, Enrique Martin Entenza and Juan María Solare. Piazzolla and his followers developed Nuevo Tango, which incorporated jazz and classical influences into a more experimental style. Timoteo Dino Saluzzi (born on May 20, 1935 in Campo Santo (Ingenio San Isidro), Salta Province) is an Argentine musician. ... Rodolfo Mederos is a musician, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina on March 25, 1940. ... Juan María Solare (born August 11, 1966) is a composer and pianist. ...

Neo-tango

Tango development has not stopped here. The following examples are not filed under "Tango Nuevo" since such classification is usually done with hindsight rather than when still undergoing development... These recent trends can be described as "electro tango" or "tango fusion", where the electronic influences are available in multiple ranges: from very subtle to rather dominant.

Tanghetto and Carlos Libedinsky are good examples of the subtle use of electronic elements. The music still has its tango feeling, the complex rhythmic and melodious entanglement that makes tango so unique. Gotan Project is a group based in Paris, consisting of musicians Philippe Cohen Solal, Eduardo Makaroff and Christoph H Muller. They formed in 1999. Their releases include Vuelvo al Sur/El capitalismo foráneo (2000), La Revancha del Tango (2001), Inspiración Espiración (2004), and Lunático (2006). Their sound features electronic elements like samples, beats and sounds on top of a tango groove. Tango dancers around the world enjoy dancing to this music, although many more traditional dancers regard it as a definite break in style and tradition. Still, the rhythmic elements in Gotan Project's music are more complex than in some of the other "electro tango" songs that were created afterwards. Bajofondo Tango Club (Underground tango club) and its follow-on album "Supervielle" are examples with a stronger "electro" feeling than Gotan Project. Bajofondo Tango Club's beats are more regular, more dominant. The rhythms are less complex but the tango feeling is still there. Other examples can be found on the CDs Tango?, Hybrid Tango, Tangophobia Vol. 1, Tango Crash (with a major jazz influence), NuTango. Tango Fusion Club Vol. 1 by the creator of the milonga called "Tango Fusion Club" in Munich, Germany, "Felino" by the Norwegian group "Electrocutango" and "Electronic Tango", a various artists' CD. In 2004, the leading world music label, World Music Network, also released an authoritative collection under the title The Rough Guide to Tango Nuevo. Tanghetto in a live performance (2005) Tanghetto is a musical group based in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and one of the most important on the neo tango scene. ... Carlos Libedinsky is an Argentine musician, composer and producer. ... Gotan Project is a musical group based in Paris, consisting of musicians Philippe Cohen Solal (French), Eduardo Makaroff (Argentine) and Christoph H. Müller (Swiss, former member of Touch El Arab). ... This article is about the year. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Track listing La Cumparsita - 0:32 Cité Tango - 3:54 Tríptico (Peter Kruder Trip De Luxe) - 10:10 Santa Maria (Del Buen Ayre) (Pepe Bradock Wider Remix) - 7:06 Round About Midnight - 7:09 Confianzas - 5:28 The Man (El Hombre Remix) - 7:12 Percusion (Part 1) - 4:14... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Lunático is the third album by Gotan Project. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bajofondo Tango Club is a South American music band consisting of seven musicians from Argentina and Uruguay. ... CD may stand for: Compact Disc Canadian Forces Decoration Cash Dispenser (at least used in Japan) CD LPMud Driver Centrum-Demokraterne (Centre Democrats of Denmark) Certificate of Deposit ÄŒeské Dráhy (Czech Railways) Chad (NATO country code) Chalmers Datorförening (computer club of the Chalmers University of Technology) a 1960s... Hybrid Tango: CD cover Hybrid Tango is a side project by the members of Buenos Aires based electronic neo-tango band Tanghetto. ... Tangophobia Vol. ... For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ... Milonga is a South American form of music, as dance, as the term for the place where tango is danced. ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ...

Kevin Johansen is another new tango artist who has a number of songs that combine folkloric and pop music with a milonga rhythm in such a way that it is barely recognizable until trying to dance tango to the music. Kevin Johansen was born in Fairbanks, Alaska in 1964 to an Argentine mother and an American father, lived most of his childhood in the San Francisco Bay Area, but moved with his family to Buenos Aires at the age of 12. ... Milonga is a South American form of music, as dance, as the term for the place where tango is danced. ...

Musical impact

The tango has become part of the repertoire for great classical musicians. One of the first classical interpreters to do this "cross over" was the baritone Jorge Chaminé with his Tangos recording with bandoneonist Olivier Manoury. Since then, al Tango, Yo-Yo Ma, Martha Argerich, Daniel Barenboim, Gidon Kremer, Plácido Domingo and Marcelo Alvarez have performed and recorded Tangos. Jorge Chaminé (born 30 April 1956 in Porto, Portugal) is a famous Portuguese baritone opera singer. ... Tangos is a flamenco canté closely related in form and feeling to the Rumba. ... The bandone n is a free-reed instrument instrument particularly popular in Argentina. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Ma Yo-Yo Ma (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) (b. ... Martha Argerich in 1962 Martha Argerich (born June 5, 1941) is a concert pianist of Argentine origin. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Gidon Kremer (Latvian: ; born February 27, 1947) is a Latvian violinist and conductor. ... Plácido Domingo José Plácido Domingo Embil KBE (born January 21, 1941)[1] better known as Plácido Domingo, is a world-renowned operatic tenor. ... Date of birth 1962 Location Buenos Aires, Argentina Actor - filmography Rigoletto Story(2005) (V) .... Duke of Mantua Bohème, La (2003) (TV) .... Rodolfo Lucia di Lammermoor (2003) (TV) .... Edgardo Lucrezia Borgia (2002) (TV) (as Marcello Alvarez) .... Gennaro Manon (2001) (TV) .... Le Chevalier des Grieux Rigoletto (2001/II) (TV) .... Duke of...

Many popular songs in the United States have borrowed melodies from tango: the earliest published tango, El Choclo, lent its melody to the fifties hit Kiss of Fire. Similarly Adiós Muchachos became I Get Ideas, and Strange Sensation was based on La Cumparsita. Kiss of Fire is a popular song. ... I Get Ideas is a popular song. ... La Cumparsita is a musical piece written by Uruguayan musician Gerardo Matos Rodríguez in 1919. ...

See also

• Argentine Tango
• Argentina
• Music of Argentina
• Uruguay
• Music of Uruguay
• Orquesta típica
• Tango (dance)
• List of Tango bands
• List of tango music labels
• History of Tango

For the modern international dance form that evolved from the Argentine Tango, see Tango (dance). ... Leading Argentine singer, Mercedes Sosa (right), with the First Lady of Argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, September 2005 Internationally, Argentina is known mostly for the tango, which developed in Buenos Aires and surrounding areas, as well as Montevideo, Uruguay. ... Uruguay has a number of local musical forms. ... Orquesta típica (or tango orchestra) is an orchestra or chamber group that traditionally plays Argentine tango music. ... A couple dances Argentine Tango. ... See also Tango music Categories: Tango | Record labels ... Tango postcard, c. ...

External links

• Clarin:The new Generation of Tango (Spanish)
• Extensive information about Golden Age tango recordings
• History of the early years of tango music citing key examples
• Neotango.info
• Todo Tango site
• Totango