Tatra National Park
IUCN Category II (National Park)
[[Image:|288px|]]
Location:	Lesser Poland Voivodship, Poland
Nearest city:
Coordinates:	°′″, °′″
Area:	211.64 km²
Established:	1954
Visitation:	(in )
Governing body:	Ministry of the Environment

Tatra National Park (Polish: Tatrzański Park Narodowy) is located in the southern part of Poland, in Lesser Poland Voivodship, by the border with Slovakia. It was created in 1954 on the area of 215.56 square kilometres, but now is slightly smaller - 211.64 km², of which 151.91 km² are forested and 56.60 km² are mainly meadows. Strictly protected are 115.14 km², of which 61.49 km² are forest ecosystems. The World Conservation Union or International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales A national park is a reserve of land, usually owned by a national government, protected from most human development and pollution. ... Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... The Lesser Poland Voivodship or Little Poland Voivodship (in Polish województwo maÅ‚opolskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in the south of Poland that contains core areas of the historical and geographical region of Lesser Poland (Malopolska). ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Lesser Poland Voivodship or Little Poland Voivodship (in Polish województwo maÅ‚opolskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in the south of Poland that contains core areas of the historical and geographical region of Lesser Poland (Malopolska). ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In ecology, an ecosystem is a community of organisms (plant, animal and other living organisms - also referred as biocenose) together with their environment (or biotope), functioning as a unit. ...

First calls for protection of the Tatra mountains appeared at the end of 19th century. In 1925 first efforts to create a national park, in cooperation with Slovakia, took place. Formally the park was created in 1937, on the area that belonged to the state forests authority. After WW2, in 1947, a separate administrative unit, Tatra Park, was created and in 1954, with the decision of Polish Government, Tatrzanski Park Narodowy (TPN) was created. In 1993 TPN and its Slovak equivalent TANAP (Tatransky Narodni Park) became [UNESCO’s biosphere preserve of worldwide importance. Tatra mountains - a mountain range, part of the Carpathian Mountains, between Poland and Slovakia. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales A national park is a reserve of land, usually owned by a national government, protected from most human development and pollution. ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... UNESCO logo The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, commonly known as UNESCO, is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...

Tatra Range

The Park covers the only example of Alpine-style mountain range in Poland. The highest peak in Poland - Rysy (2499 meters above sea level) is located here. Polish Tatra range (which is part of the Carpathian Mountains) is divided into two parts - Tatry Wysokie (High Tatra) and Tatry Zachodnie (Western Tatra). The landscape consists of majestic, sharp-edged peaks and picturesque hollows with numerous rock formations. There are around 650 caves of which the longest and the deepest is the system called Wielka Sniezna (Great Snowy) - length of corridors - 18 kilometers, depth - 814 meters. Tourists, hovewer, are allowed to enter only 6 caves. Rysy is a mountain in the crest of the High Tatras, at the Polish-Slovak border. ... Satellite image of the Carpathians The Carpathian Mountains are the eastern wing of the great Central Mountain System of Europe, curving 1500 km (~900 miles) along the borders of Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia and northern Hungary. ...

Waters

There are several streams and around 30 lakes (called “stawy” - ponds). These waters are an important part of High Tatra landscape. The biggest ponds are: Morskie Oko (Sea Eye) - with an area of 349,000 square metres and 50.8 meters deep and Wielki Staw Polski (Great Polish Pond) - with an area of 344,000 m² and 79.3 meters deep. Tatra lakes are poor in biological sense but their waters are very transparent. Length of biggest streams goes up to 20 kilometers. Also, in Tatra there are some waterfalls, with the Wodogrzmoty Mickiewicza, which is one of the greatest attractions. The biggest waterfall is the Wielka Siklawa (70 m).

Plants

Plant life is of typical mountainous character. In lower level (up to 1250 meters above sea level) there are mainly forests of fir-beech kind. It the upper level (up to 1550 meters above sea level) there are spruces which, as the height goes up, turn into grassland (up to 1800 meters above sea level). The highest level, above 1800 meters, is of Alpine character. FIR may stand for: finite impulse response (a property of some digital filters) far infrared, i. ... Species Fagus crenata - Japanese Beech Fagus engleriana - Chinese Beech Fagus grandifolia - American Beech Fagus hayatae - Taiwan Beech Fagus japonica - Japanese Blue Beech Fagus longipetiolata - South Chinese Beech Fagus lucida - Shining Beech Fagus mexicana - Mexican Beech or Haya Fagus orientalis - Oriental Beech Fagus sylvatica - European Beech Beech (Fagus) is a genus...

Animals

Animal life is abundant and parts of it can be characterized as endemic with plenty of endangered and protected species. Among fauna peculiarities there are: mountain goat and marmot (both protected since mid-19th century) as well as brown bear, lynx, wolf, otter and several kinds of birds, including eagle and falcon. Mountain Goats redirects here. ... Species see text Marmots are members of the genus Marmota, in the rodent family Sciuridae (squirrels). ... Binomial name Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 Brown Bear range The Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) is a species of bear that can reach masses of 130–700 kg (300–1500 pounds). ... The range of the lynx. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... Genera Amblonyx Aonyx Enhydra Lontra Lutra Lutrogale Pteronura Otters are aquatic or marine carnivorous mammals, members of the large and diverse family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers, and others. ... Genera Several, see below. ... Species About 37; see text. ...

Human life

Material culture of the Tatra is equally important as its nature. Polish highlanders, who live here, proudly cherish their heritage and uniqueness. Among most precious elements of their culture are: language, clothes and customs. Their past is preserved in folk, oral stories, numerous huts, churches and chapels. At the end of 19th century a unique, Highlander-style architecture was created here.

Problems

The area of Tatra mountains was in the past exploited by human activities. In summers numerous herds of animals (like goats, sheep and cows) pastured on the meadows and these practices caused erosion processes. In 18th and 19th centuries several mines and ironworks were active here, and these establishments needed plenty of timber. Since late 19th century tourism developed here and right now, excessive numbers of tourists is the greatest threat to Park’s nature. Another threats are: proximity of the fast-developing town of Zakopane, air pollution and poachers. The El Chino Mine located near Silver City, New Mexico is an open-pit copper mine Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually (but not always) from an ore body, vein, or (coal) seam. ... Ironworks at Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, England An ironworks or iron works is a building or site where iron is smelted and where heavy iron and/or steel products are made. ... Motto: none Voivodship Lesser Poland Municipal government Rada Miasta Zakopane Mayor Piotr BÄ…k Area 8,4 km² Population  - city  - urban  - density 29,360 - 3495/km² Founded City rights 1578 1933 Latitude Longitude 49°18 N 19°57 E Area code +48 18 Car plates KTT Twin towns Poprad, Saint... This power plant in New Mexico releases sulfur dioxide and particulate matter into the air. ...

Tatrzanski National Park, even though it covers only 0.07% of Poland, is yearly visited by more than 3 million tourists, which makes it the most overcrowded of Polish National Parks. Rich infrastructure (hotels, parkings, restaurants) can hardly stand the amount of guests. Some time ago, considering Park’s valuable nature, fees for entering it were introduced.

Management address:

ul. Chalubinskiego 42a 34-500 Zakopane POLAND

External links

• Tatra Maps [1]