Interior splash from Eastman and Laird's Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1

The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, a quartet of crime-fighting reptilian brothers, first appeared in 1984 as a comic by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The comic inspired several cartoon series, numerous video games, a live action television series, and three feature films. Image File history File links Interior splash page from Eastman and Lairds Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1, published 1984. ... Image File history File links Interior splash page from Eastman and Lairds Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1, published 1984. ... The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) are a fictional group of four anthropomorphic turtle brothers, who, as one might infer from the name, are also teenagers, mutants and ninjas. ... Orders  Crocodilia - Crocodilians  Rhynchocephalia - Tuataras  Squamata   Suborder Sauria- Lizards   Suborder Serpentes - Snakes   Suborder Amphisbaenia - Worm lizards Testudines - Turtles Superorder Dinosauria  Saurischia  Ornithischia Reptiles are tetrapods, and also are amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane. ... A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... Kevin Eastman Kevin Eastman (born May 30, 1962) is an American comic book artist who is best known as the co-creator (with Peter Laird) of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. ... Peter Laird (born January 27, 1954 in North Adams, Massachusetts), created the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in 1984 along with Kevin Eastman. ... A cartoon is any of several forms of art, with varied meanings that evolved from one to another. ... // History Main article: History of computer and video games The first primitive computer and video games were developed in the 1950s and 1960s and ran on platforms such as oscilloscopes, university mainframes and EDSAC computers. ... In film and video, live action refers to works that are acted out by flesh-and-blood actors, as opposed to animation. ... Films are produced by recording actual people and objects with cameras, or by creating them using animation techniques and/or special effects. ...

Mirage Studios

The concept was apparently borne from a comical drawing sketched out by Kevin Eastman during a casual evening of brainstorming and doodling with his friend Peter Laird. The drawing of a short, squat turtle wearing a bandana with nunchakus strapped to its arms was incredibly funny to the young artists, as it played upon the inherent contradiction of a slow, cold-blooded reptile with the speed and agility of the Japanese martial arts. At Laird's suggestion, they created a team of four such turtles, each specializing in a different weapon. A nunchaku (Chinese: 雙節棍 shuāng jié gùn, 兩節棍 liÇŽng jié gùn, or 二節棍 èr jié gùn), also known in English by the plural nunchucks (variously rendered as nunchuks, nun-chucks, nun-chuks, nun chucks, nun chuks, nunchaku, or just chucks for short), is a martial arts weapon of... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Orders  Crocodilia - Crocodilians  Rhynchocephalia - Tuataras  Squamata   Suborder Sauria- Lizards   Suborder Serpentes - Snakes   Suborder Amphisbaenia - Worm lizards Testudines - Turtles Superorder Dinosauria  Saurischia  Ornithischia Reptiles are tetrapods, and also are amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane. ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ...

With a generous loan from Eastman's uncle, they published a single-issue comic book that parodied two of the most popular comics of the early 1980s: Marvel Comics' New Mutants, which featured teenage mutants, and Daredevil, which featured ninja clans dueling for control of the New York City underworld. In fact, many comics fans will recognize in the Turtles' origin several direct allusions to Daredevil. The traffic accident, involving a blind man and a truck carrying radioactive waste, is a reference to Daredevil's own origin story. The name "Splinter" is a parody on Daredevil's mentor, a man known as "Stick." The Foot, a clan of evil ninja who became the Turtles' arch-enemies, is a parody of The Hand, who were themselves a mysterious and deadly ninja clan in the pages of Daredevil. Eastman and Laird often cite the groundbreaking work of Frank Miller and Jack Kirby as their major artistic influences. However, they quickly established a trademark style of their own, incorporating massive, complex fight scenes that were splashed like murals across whole pages. In contemporary usage, parody is a form of satire that imitates another work of art in order to ridicule it. ... It has been suggested that Felicia (pseudonym) be merged into this article or section. ... New Mutants is the name of two comic book series, published by Marvel Comics. ... This article is concerns biological mutants; for fictional aspects see Mutant (fictional) A mutant is an individual, organism, or new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is a sudden structural change within the DNA of a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the... For people who perform risky stunts as a profession, see stunt performer. ... Ninjutsu (忍術), also called shinobi no jutsu (忍び術), is a collection of techniques originally practiced for espionage purposes. ... The construction of the Empire State Building, 1930. ... Splinter (a. ... The Foot Clan is a fictional Ninjutsu clan in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles universe. ... Frank Miller (born 27 January 1957 in Olney, Maryland) is an American writer and artist best known for his film noir-style comic book stories. ... The Fantastic Four, one of Kirbys most famous co-creations. ...

TMNT #1, published 1984

The first issue of Eastman and Laird's Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles was published in May, 1984. It was printed in an oversized magazine-style format using black & white artwork on cheap newsprint. The cover was a direct parody of the first issue of Frank Miller's popular Ronin mini-series. The book premiered at a comic book convention in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and had a print run of only 3,000 copies. It was a period of intense speculation in comic book investment, with especially strong interest in black and white comics from independent companies. The first printings of the original TMNT comics had small print runs that made them instant collector items. Within months, the books were trading at prices over 50 times their cover price. The Overstreet Guide currently lists "near mint" copies of the original issue for 120 USD. Ironically, the remarkable success of the TMNT comic spawned a number of blatant knock-offs and parodies of its own: the Adolescent Radioactive Black Belt Hamsters, the Cold-Blooded Chameleon Commandos, the Naïve Inter-Dimensional Commando Koalas, the Pre-Teen Dirty-Gene Kung Fu Kangaroos, and the Pre-teen Genetically Altered Martial Arts Iguanas. Image File history File links Cover to Eastman and Lairds Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1 by Kevin Eastman. ... Image File history File links Cover to Eastman and Lairds Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1 by Kevin Eastman. ... Ronin Book One Ronin is a graphic novel by Frank Miller in which a ronin is re-incarnated in a dystopic near-future New York. ... New Hampshire State Seal, which depicts the USS Raleigh built in 1776 beside the Piscataqua River. ... The Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide is widely considered the primary authority on the subject of comic book grading and collection values in the industry. ... Adolescent Radioactive Black Belt Hamsters, written by Don Chin, initially published by Eclipse Comics and later on by Parody Press, was the first unofficial spoof of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. ... Cold-Blooded Chameleon Commandos was one of many parodies of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, published by Blackthorne Publishing. ... The comic book debut of the Kung Fu Kangaroos. ...

Over the years, the Turtles have appeared in numerous cross-overs with other successful independent comics characters, including Dave Sim's Cerebus, Erik Larsen's Savage Dragon, Bob Burden's Flaming Carrot, and Stan Sakai's Usagi Yojimbo. Dave Sim (born May 17, 1956 in Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian comic book writer and artist, best known as the creator of the 6,000 page graphic novel Cerebus the Aardvark (a comic which began as a cross between Conan the Barbarian and Howard the Duck). ... Cerebus the Aardvark (or simply Cerebus) was an ambitious monthly independent comic book begun by Canadian artist Dave Sim in 1977, and running for 300 issues and 6,000 pages, through March 2004. ... Cover to The Savage Dragon (original miniseries) #1. ... The Savage Dragon is a long-running comic book by Erik Larsen, published by Image Comics since 1993. ... Bob Burden is the creator of The Flaming Carrot. Categories: Eisner Award winners | Comics creator stubs ... Flaming Carrot Comics is a surrealist comic book by Bob Burden between 1979 and 1993. ... Stan Sakai (1953– ) is a third-generation American of Japanese descent. ... Usagi Yojimbo book 11: Seasons Usagi Yojimbo (Literally Rabbit Bodyguard, can be written うさぎ用心棒 or 兎用心棒) is a comic book series created by Stan Sakai. ...

Volume 1

The first issue introduces readers to the Turtles as they are about to embark on their first mission. As the origin story goes, four pet turtles are exposed to a liquid mutagen during a traffic accident at which their owner, a young boy named Chet, is a bystander. The mutagen causes animals to become more human-like in intelligence and dexterity. Also exposed to the mutagen is Splinter, a rat once owned by a ninjutsu expert named Hamato Yoshi. As a fantastically talented pet, Splinter taught himself the art of ninjutsu by mimicking Yoshi during his practice sessions. Yoshi emigrated from Japan to the United States in an effort to escape a bitter love triangle that resulted in the death of Oroku Nagi, a fellow member of his ninja clan. However, Yoshi was pursued and murdered by Nagi's younger brother, Oroku Saki, who grew to lead the American branch of the Foot Clan as the villainous Shredder. Yoshi's death leaves Splinter homeless, wandering the streets and sewers of New York City alone. In biology, a mutagen (Latin, literally origin of change) is an agent that changes the genetic information (usually DNA) of an organism and thus increases the number of mutations above the natural background level. ... Splinter (a. ... Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... Ninjutsu (忍術), also called shinobi no jutsu (忍び術), is a collection of techniques originally practiced for espionage purposes. ... Hamato Yoshi is a character from the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles fictional universe. ... The Foot Clan is a fictional Ninjutsu clan in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles universe. ... The Shredder is the main villain of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. ... The construction of the Empire State Building, 1930. ...

Splinter happens upon the Turtles, still fresh from their accident and wallowing in mutagen, and adopts them. Within days Splinter and the Turtles grow to humanoid size and develop the power of speech. It is then that Splinter decides to train the young Turtles in ninjutsu, so they can grow strong enough to exact revenge on the Shredder for the murder of Splinter's beloved Master Yoshi. Splinter chooses names for the Turtles from the pages of an old discarded book on Renaissance art: Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael, and Michelangelo. The Turtles challenge and defeat the Shredder and his Foot ninja in a rooftop duel, as Shredder is knocked off the building and plunges to a fiery death in the blast of his own bomb. Revenge or vengeance consists of retaliation against a person or group in response to perceived wrongdoing. ... By region Italian Renaissance Spanish Renaissance Northern Renaissance French Renaissance German Renaissance English Renaissance The Renaissance, also known as Il Rinascimento (in Italian), was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution, religious reform and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. ... Leonardo (original movie incarnation) Leonardo (or Leo), a fictional character, is the unofficial leader of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT). ... Donatello in the TMNT Movie Donatello (or Don or Donny or Donnie), a fictional character, is one of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT). ... Raphael (original movie incarnation) Image:TMNTraphael. ... Michelangelo (original movie incarnation) Michelangelo (or Mike or Mikey or Rooish) is one of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT). ...

The Turtles go on to explore the deeper roots of their origin, discovering that the mutagen that transformed them is a by-product of scientific research conducted by a group of mostly-benevolent aliens called Utroms. Marooned on planet Earth many years ago, the Utroms secretly live among humans while struggling to perfect a working transmat device that can teleport them back to their homeworld. During the adventure, the Turtles are accidentally teleported across the galaxy where they encounter a warlike alien species called the Triceratons, whose physical features resemble those of the triceratops. Mortu in his exosuit, surrounded by three Utroms on hover pads. ... It has been suggested that Materialization (science fiction) be merged into this article or section. ... Triceratons are an alien race from the 2003 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. ... Species See text. ...

Eventually, Shredder returns from the dead to seek his revenge on the Turtles. In a breathtaking Christmas Eve ambush, Shredder and his Foot ninja bring Leonardo within an inch of his life, driving the Turtles, Splinter, and their human friends April O'Neil and Casey Jones to retreat to Casey's grandmother's farmhouse in rural Northhampton, Massachusetts. A year later, the Turtles return to New York to defeat Shredder once and for all. In a dramatic conflict with Leonardo, Shredder reveals the manner in which he was brought back to life. After their first conflict with the Turtles, the Foot were able to recover Shredder's remains and, using a combination of modern science and ancient mysticism, reanimated his body in the form of a colony of worms. Shredder is finally vanquished in the duel, as Leonardo decapitates him in a spectacular swordfight. Later, the Turtles cast Shredder's body into Upper New York Bay, setting it ablaze in a funeral pyre. Oroku Saki was never to return. April ONeil and the TMNT April ONeil is a fictional character in the Mirage Studios franchise Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. ... Casey Jones in his newest incarnation on the 2003 cartoon series Casey Jones is a fictional character, who appears in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. ... Northampton, Massachusetts Main Street Northampton is a city located in Hampshire County, Massachusetts. ... Beheading—Facsimile of a Miniature on Wood in the Cosmographie Universelle of Munster: in folio, Basle, 1552. ... Upper New York Bay, sometimes called Upper New York Harbor or the Upper Bay, is the northern area of New York Harbor inside the Narrows. ... A pyre is a structure, such as a mound of wood, for burning a body as part of a funeral rite. ...

A bold new vision of the Turtles. Cover art by Michael Zulli.

The "Return to New York" story arc concluded in the spring of 1989, and by this time the Ninja Turtles phenomenon was well-established in other media. Eastman and Laird now found themselves administrating an international merchandising juggernaut, overseeing a wide array of licensing deals while fending off lawsuits from greedy opportunists. Unfortunately, this prevented the two creators from participating in the day-to-day work of writing and illustrating a monthly comic book. For this reason, many guest artists were invited to showcase their unique talents in the TMNT universe. The breadth of diversity found in the various short stories had the adverse effect of disrupting some continuity and gave the series a disjointed, anthology-like feel. Some of these artists, including Michael Dooney, Eric Talbot, A.C. Farley, Ryan Brown, Steve Murphy, and Jim Lawson, continued to work with Mirage Studios for years to come. Image File history File links Cover of Eastman and Lairds Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Issue #31, published July, 1990. ... Image File history File links Cover of Eastman and Lairds Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Issue #31, published July, 1990. ... Michael Zulli is an American comics artist best known for his work on The Sandman with writer Neil Gaiman. ... In episodic storytelling media such as television, comic books and comic strips a story arc is an extended or continuing storyline. ... A fictional universe is a cohesive imaginary world that serves as the setting or backdrop for one or (more commonly) multiple works of fiction. ... Anthology may also mean a Alien Ant Farm album ANThology, see Anthology (AAF Album) An anthology is a collection of literary works, originally of poems, but in recent years its usage has broadened to be applied to collections of short stories and comic strips. ... Mirage Studios is a small independent comic book company formed in 1983 by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. ...

Issue #48 kicked off a major turning point, as Mirage made a concerted effort to return the series to continuity. A thirteen-part miniseries entitled "City at War" began with issue #50, which was the first issue to be completely written and illustrated by both Eastman and Laird since issue #11. In this storyline, New York City is embroiled in a massive gang war, as rival factions of the leaderless Foot Clan battle each other for dominance. In response to the chaos, the Japanese branch of the Foot Clan sends its leader Karai, to re-establish order among the New York Foot. Karai enlists the help of the Turtles to accomplish her goals, forming an uneasy alliance with them in exchange for amnesty and a permanent truce with the Foot. Three distinct subplots emerge in "City at War," following the paths of Splinter, April, and Casey as they pursue their own individual goals. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A miniseries, in a serial storytelling medium, is a production which tells a story in a limited number of episodes. ... Gang warfare is the conflict between differing groups of people identifying themselves as gangs. ... The Foot Clan is a fictional Ninjutsu clan in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles universe. ... Karai Karai is a character featured in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. ... Amnesty (from the Greek amnestia, oblivion) is an act of grace by which the supreme power in a state restores those who may have been guilty of any offence against it to the position of innocent persons. ... A subplot is a series of connected actions within a work of narrative that function separately from the main plot. ...

"City at War," and Volume 1 itself, concluded with the publication of issue #62 in August, 1993.

Volume 2

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Volume 2 was launched by Mirage Studios in October, 1993, as a full-color series that maintained the continuity of the first volume. Written and illustrated by Jim Lawson, the short-lived series lasted for only thirteen issues before ceasing publication in October, 1995. The cancellation was due, in part, to declining popularity and lagging sales, which some fans attribute to a reduction in artistic quality throughout the book.

The apocryphal Volume 3. Cover art by Frank Fosco and Erik Larsen.

Image File history File links Cover of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Volume 3 Issue #10, published July, 1997. ... Image File history File links Cover of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Volume 3 Issue #10, published July, 1997. ... In Judeo-Christian theologies, apocrypha refers to religious Sacred text that have questionable authenticity or are otherwise disputed. ...

Volume 3

Erik Larsen came to the rescue in June, 1996, with the publication of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Volume 3, which was published in black & white under the Image Comics banner. The 23 monthly issues were written by Gary Carlson and pencilled by Frank Fosco. This volume is notable for having a faster pace and more intense action while inflicting major physical changes on the Turtles themselves (e.g.Leonardo losing a hand, Raphael's face being scarred, and Donatello becoming a cyborg). In a startling plot twist, Raphael even took on the identity of Shredder and assumed leadership of the Foot. With Volume 3, the Turtles were incorporated into the Image universe, which provided opportunities for a few crossovers and guest appearances by characters from The Savage Dragon series. The series ceased publication in 1999, and it is no longer considered part of the "official" TMNT canon. Cover to The Savage Dragon (original miniseries) #1. ... Image Comics is the third or fourth largest comic book publisher in the United States. ... 7 of 9, a Borg in Star Trek: Voyager The term cyborg, a portmanteau of cybernetic organism, is used to designate an organism which is a mixture of organic and mechanical (synthetic) parts. ... A fictional universe is a cohesive imaginary world that serves as the setting or backdrop for one or (more commonly) multiple works of fiction. ... Cover to The Savage Dragon (original miniseries) #1. ... In the context of fiction, the canon of a fictional universe comprises those novels, stories, films, etc. ...

Volume 4

Peter Laird and Jim Lawson brought the Turtles back to their roots with TMNT: Volume 4 in December, 2001. The series is known for its lengthy, carefully-woven plot threads interspersed with social commentary. The authors also took the opportunity to correct a persistent error: since the first issue of Volume 1, Michelangelo's name had been misspelled as "Michaelangelo." It is now spelled correctly, consistent with his Renaissance namesake. Michelangelo (full name Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni) (March 6, 1475 - February 18, 1564) was a Renaissance sculptor, architect, painter, and poet. ...

Picking up fifteen years after the conclusion of Volume 2 (and omitting the events of Volume 3), readers find the Turtles, now in their thirties, living together in their sewer lair beneath New York City. April and Casey have been married for some time and remain in contact with the Turtles from their nearby apartment. Splinter continues to live at the Northampton farmhouse, where he has become a "grandfather" of sorts to Casey's adopted teenage daughter, Shadow. The Utroms return to Earth in a very public arrival, subsequently establishing a peaceful base in Upper New York Bay. Since the arrival, aliens--and other bizarre life-forms, like the Turtles--have become more universally accepted. No longer forced to live in hiding, the Turtles now roam freely among the world of humans.

The sudden and unexpected death of Master Splinter in issue #10 shocked the TMNT family. In their grief, the Turtles split up to embark on various adventures as individuals. Most recently, April's search for her history has become a major plotline, as she discovers that she is not a blood relation of her deceased parents nor of her sister Robyn. Volume 4 continues its publication in bi-monthly installments, as of 2005.

Tales of the TMNT

In May 1987, Mirage began publishing a sister book, Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Although only seven issues of Tales were published, it provided an opportunity to greatly expand the TMNT rogues' gallery to include such characters as Nobody, Leatherhead, and the Rat King. Jim Lawson and Ryan Brown were the primary creative team on this series. Leatherhead is a fictional characters in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. ... Rat king The rat King is also a fictional character from the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series A rat king is said to arise when a number of rats become intertwined at the tails, and additionally stuck to each other with blood, dirt, and excrements. ...

A relaunched series of Tales of the TMNT began publication in January, 2004, under the direction of Steve Murphy. The new Tales deals with events that occur in the "lost" fifteen years between Volumes 2 and 4, with the exceptions being the first issue which takes place when the turtles are 12, and 3 and 4 where the Shredder returns in a monsterous form shortly after the events of the Return to New York story arc.

Archie Comics' TMNT #6. Cover art by Ryan Brown.

Image File history File links This image is of a book cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by the publisher of the book. ... Image File history File links This image is of a book cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by the publisher of the book. ...

Archie Comics

There was also a comic book series published from 1988 to 1995 by Archie Comics that initially followed the 1987 cartoon. Eventually, the comic diverged from the cartoon series to develop many original story arcs, often incorporating overt social, environmentalist and animal rights themes. This version of the TMNT also introduced a new character to the group, a female humanoid fox named Ninjara, who became Raphael's girlfriend. Archie Comics is an American comic book publisher known for its many series featuring the fictional teenagers Archie Andrews, Betty Cooper, Veronica Lodge, Reggie Mantle and Forsythe Jughead Jones. ... On December 10, 1987, the first episode of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles cartoon, by Murakami-Wolf-Swenson Film Productions Inc. ... Environmentalism is the support or involvement with the environmental movement by environmentalists. ... The Great Ape Project is campaigning for a Declaration on Great Apes. ...

Dreamwave Productions' TMNT. Art by LeSean.

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 216 KB)Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles battling foot soldiers. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 216 KB)Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles battling foot soldiers. ...

Dreamwave Productions

A monthly comic, inspired by the 2003 animated series, was published by Dreamwave Productions from June to December 2003 before it was cancelled due to low sales. It was written by Peter David and illustrated by LeSean, and in the first four issues, which were the only ones based on the TV series, it showed the perspective of one the two cops seen through out cartoon, April O'Neil, Baxter Stockman and Casey Jones instead of the Turtles. The new Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles cartoon, first aired on February 8, 2003, marked the revival of the franchise by Fox Network, with the help of 4Kids Entertainment, as a Saturday-morning cartoon in Foxs Fox Box programming block (which has since been renamed 4Kids TV). The 2003 TMNT... Dreamwave Productions is a Canadian art design studio and comic book publisher, best known for its series Dark Minds and Warlands, and their multiple Transformers comic book series. ... Peter Allen David (born September 23, 1956) is an American writer, best known for his work in comic books and Star Trek novels. ... April ONeil and the TMNT April ONeil is a fictional character in the Mirage Studios franchise Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. ... Dr. Baxter Stockman is a fictional scientist who has appeared in several versions of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles show and comic. ... Casey Jones in his newest incarnation on the 2003 cartoon series Casey Jones is a fictional character, who appears in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. ...

Manga Comics

The Turtles have apeared in many manga series one Myutanto Tatorusu (Mutant Turtles) a 15 issue series adapting episodes of the cartoon (two episodes each issue), Supa Tatorusu (Super Turtles) a 3 issue mini-series that adapts the Japan-only anime mini-series. Also there was Myutanto Tatorusu III an adaptation of third movie.

External links

• TMNT Fan Page and Forum
• Comic cover archive
• TMNT Comic Encyclopedia