Teff
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Subfamily: Chloridoideae Genus: Eragrostis Species: E. tef
Binomial name
Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter

Teff or Tef (Eragrostis tef, Amharic ጤፍ ṭēff, Tigrinya ጣፍ ṭāff) is a species of lovegrass native to the northern Ethiopian Highlands of northeastern Africa. It has an attractive nutrition profile, being high in dietary fiber and iron and providing some protein and calcium. It is similar to millet and quinoa in cooking, but the seed is much smaller. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1704x1278, 394 KB) Picture taken by myself: (nl: Teff pluim) Eragrostis tef; ((GFDL)) Eragrostis tef File links The following pages link to this file: Teff ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta—liverworts Anthocerotophyta—hornworts Bryophyta—mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta—zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta—clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta—trimerophytes Pteridophyta—ferns and horsetails Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta—seed ferns Pinophyta—conifers Cycadophyta—cycads Ginkgophyta—ginkgo Gnetophyta—gnetae Magnoliophyta—flowering plants... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class: this name is formed by replacing the termination -aceae in the name Magnoliaceae by the termination -opsida (Art 16 of the ICBN). ... families see text Poales is a botanical name at the rank of order. ... Subfamilies There are 7 subfamilies: Subfamily Arundinoideae Subfamily Bambusoideae Subfamily Centothecoideae Subfamily Chloridoideae Subfamily Panicoideae Subfamily Pooideae Subfamily Stipoideae The true grasses are monocotyledonous plants (Class Liliopsida) in the Family Poaceae, also known as Gramineae. ... Subdivisions See text Chloridoideae is a subfamily of the true grass family (Poaceae). ... Species E. tef References ITIS 40716 2002-09-03 Lovegrass is a genus of grass. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... Tigrinya (Geez ትግርኛ tigriññā, also spelled Tigrigna) is a Semitic language spoken by the Tigray-Tigrinya people in central Eritrea (there referred to as the Tigrinya people), where it is one of the main working languages (Eritrea does not have official languages), and in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia (whose... Species E. tef E. tremula Lovegrass is the genus Eragrostis of grass. ... Ethiopian Highlands with Ras Dashan in the background. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Dietary fibers are the indigestible portion of plant foods that move food through the digestive system, absorbing water. ... General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 40. ... Pearl millet in the field The millets are a group of small-seeded species of cereal crops, widely grown around the world for food and fodder. ... Binomial name Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ... Cooking is the act of preparing food for ingestion. ... A ripe red jalapeño cut open to show the seeds For other uses, see Seed (disambiguation). ...

Teff is an important food grain in Ethiopia and Eritrea, where it is used to make injera, and less so in India and Australia. Because of its small seeds (less than 1 mm diameter), one can hold enough to sow an entire field in one hand. This property makes teff particularly suited to a seminomadic lifestyle. This meal, consisting of injera and several kinds of wat (stew), is typical of Ethiopian and Eritrean cuisine. ... Communities of nomadic people move from place to place, rather than settling down in one location. ...

Common Names include Teff, Lovegrass, Annual Bunch Grass (English); Ṭeff/Ṭéff (Amharic, both representing the same sound); Ṭaffi/Xaffi (Oromo, both representing the same sound); Ṭaff (Tigrinya); Mil éthiopien (French). It is also written as Ttheff, Tteff, Thaff, Tcheff, Thaft, (Anon. 1887). The word tef is connected by folk etymology to the EthioSemitic root "ṭff", which means "lost" (because of the small size of the grain). The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... The Oromo language, also known as Afaan Oromo or Oromifaa, is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic sub-phylum. ... Tigrinya (Geez ትግርኛ tigriññā, also spelled Tigrigna) is a Semitic language spoken by the Tigray-Tigrinya people in central Eritrea (there referred to as the Tigrinya people), where it is one of the main working languages (Eritrea does not have official languages), and in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia (whose... Folk etymology or popular etymology is a linguistic term for a category of false etymology which has grown up in popular lore, as opposed to one which arose in scholarly usage. ... Ethiopian Semitic languages (sometimes Ethiopic) is a language group which together with Old South Arabian forms the Western branch of the South Semitic languages. ...

Teff is believed to have originated in Ethiopia between 4000 BC and 1000 BC. Genetic evidence points to E.pilosa as the most likely wild ancestor.^[1] A 19th century identification of teff seeds from an ancient Egyptian site is now considered doubtful; the seeds in question (no longer available for study) are more likely of E. aegyptiaca, a common wild grass in Egypt (Germer 1985). Era Vulgaris redirects here. ... (Redirected from 1000 BC) Centuries: 12th century BC - 11th century BC - 10th century BC Decades: 1050s BC 1040s BC 1030s BC 1020s BC 1010s BC - 1000s BC - 990s BC 980s BC 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC Events and Trends 1006 BC - David becomes king of the ancient Israelites (traditional...

It is adapted to environments ranging from drought stress to water logged soil conditions. Maximum teff production occurs at altitudes of 1800 to 2100 m, growing season rainfall of 450 to 550 mm, with a temperature range of 10 to 27 °C. Teff is day length sensitive and flowers best during 12 hours of daylight.

Cultivation and uses

Teff has been widely cultivated and used in the countries of Ethiopia, India and its colonies, and Australia. Teff accounts for about a quarter of total cereal production in Ethiopia.^[2] The grain has a high concentration of different nutrients. This grain has a very high calcium content, and contains high levels of phosphorus, iron, copper, aluminum, barium, and thiamin. A big advantage, the iron from teff is easily absorbed by the body. It could thus enhance the performance of elite sportspeople. Teff is high in protein. It is considered to have an excellent amino acid composition (including all 8 essential amino acids for humans) and has lysine levels higher than wheat or barley. Because of this variety, it stimulates the flora of the large intestine. Teff is high in carbohydrates and fiber. It contains no gluten, so it is appropriate for those with gluten intolerance or Celiac disease. General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 40. ... General Name, Symbol, Number phosphorus, P, 15 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 3, p Appearance waxy white/ red/ black/ colorless Standard atomic weight 30. ... General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic pinkish red Standard atomic weight 63. ... Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... General Name, Symbol, Number barium, Ba, 56 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 6, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 137. ... Thiamine mononitrate Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with chemical formula C12H17ClN4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... Phenylalanine is one of the standard amino acids. ... Lysine is one of the 20 amino acids normally found in proteins. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... Binomial name Hordeum vulgare L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a major food and animal feed crop, a member of the grass family Poaceae. ... The human body contains a large number of bacteria, all of them performing tasks that are useful or even essential to human survival. ... The large intestine, or the organ which is now more commonly referred to as the colon, is the last part of the digestive system: the final stage of the alimentary canal in vertebrate animals. ... Carbohydrates (literally hydrates of carbon) are chemical compounds that act as the primary biological means of storing or consuming energy, other forms being fat and protein. ... Fiber or fibre[1] is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to lengths of thread. ... Wheat - a prime source of gluten Gluten is an amorphous ergastic protein found combined with starch in the endosperm of some cereals, notably wheat, rye, and barley. ... Coeliac disease (also called celiac disease, non-tropical sprue, c(o)eliac sprue and gluten intolerance) is a digestive disorder. ... Coeliac disease (also termed non-tropical sprue, celiac disease and gluten intolerance) is an autoimmune disease characterised by chronic inflammation of the proximal portion of the small intestine caused by exposure to certain dietary gluten proteins. ...

Interest in new crops has led some Dutch farmers to cultivate teff. In 2003, 150 farmers were growing teff. By the estimation of the company involved, Soil & Crop, in 2006 there could be 50 km² of this African grain in the Netherlands. Due to the wet climate in the Netherlands, the quality of dutch teff is very poor. 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

The Teff Company of Caldwell, Idaho has been growing teff and supplying the Ethio- and Eritrean-American communities for 25 years. They have demonstrated that teff is gluten-free, and are supplying the gluten-free market in the United States and Canada. The Teff Company has also been engaged in teff research with academic researchers, and has freely shared the information for the further development of teff (National Academy of Sciences). Teff has also been grown in limited quantities in South Dakota. Caldwell is a city located in Canyon County, Idaho. ... Official language(s) English Capital Pierre Largest city Sioux Falls Area  Ranked 17th  - Total 77,163 sq mi (199,905 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 380 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ...

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Eragrostis tef

• Germer, Renate (1985). Flora des pharaonischen Ägypten. Mainz: von Zabern. ISBN 3-8053-0620-2. 
• National Academy of Sciences. Lost crops of Africa. Volume I: Grains. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 1996. ISBN 0-309-04990-3

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia Coordinates: Country United States Federal District District of Columbia Government  - Mayor Adrian M. Fenty (D)  - City Council Chairperson: Vincent C. Gray (D) Ward 1: Jim Graham (D...

External links

Wikibooks Cookbook has an article on

Teff

• Ethiopian Plant Names Aberra Molla
• Soil & Crop Improvement homepage
• Purdue University Center for New Crops & Plant Products
• Teff Page at EthiopianRestaurant.com
• Dessie Summer Lovegrass Forage Variety
• European importer/distributor of Ethiopian Teff

Grains (Cereals and Pseudocereals)
Amaranth - Barley – Buckwheat – Fonio – Job's Tears – Kañiwa – Maize (Corn) – Millet – Oat – Quinoa – Rice – Rye – Sorghum – Spelt – Triticale – Teff – Wild rice – Wheat (Bulgur – Couscous – Kamut)