Temuco
Coat of arms
Location of the Commune of Temuco in Araucanía Region
Temuco Location in Chile
Coordinates: 38°44′S 72°40′W / -38.733, -72.667
Country	Chile
Region	Araucanía
Province	Cautín
Founded as	Fuerte Recabarren
Founded	24 February 1881
Government
- Mayor	Francisco Huenchumilla (DC) (2004-2008)
Area
- Total	464 km² (179.2 sq mi)
Population (2002)
- Total	245,347UNIQ5,919,597e73a6b0de-ref-00,000,008-QINU
- Density	608.36/km² (1,575.6/sq mi)
Time zone	Chile Time (CLT)[2] (UTC-4)
- Summer (DST)	Chile Summer Time (CLST)[3] (UTC-3)
Area code(s)	45
Website: http://www.temucochile.com

View of Temuco from Cerro Conunhuenu

Temuco is the capital of the Araucanía Region, Chile. The name comes from "temu", which, in the Mapudungun language means "temu water"; temu is a tree used by Mapuches for medicinal purposes. The city is located 670 km south of Santiago. Because it is near lake-based resort centers, it constitutes a hub for touristic excursions. Araucanía is Chiles ninth administrative region from north to south. ... Image File history File links Red_pog2. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Chile. ... Araucanía is Chiles ninth administrative region from north to south. ... Cautín Province is a province in the Araucanía Region of southern Chile, bounded on the north by Arauco, Malleco, and Bio-Bio Provinces, on the east by Argentina, on the south by Valdivia Province, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. ... is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Christian Democracy is a political ideology, born at the end of the 19th century, largely as a result of the papal encyclical Rerum Novarum of Pope Leo XIII, in which the Vatican recognizes workers misery and agrees that something should be done about it, in reaction to the rise of... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating telephone number ranges to countries, regions, areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks such as mobile phone networks. ... Image File history File links Image taken by user Hodur from Spanish Wikipedia. ... Image File history File links Image taken by user Hodur from Spanish Wikipedia. ... Araucanía is Chiles ninth administrative region from north to south. ... Mapudungun test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Mapudungun (mapu means earth and dungun means to speak) is a language isolate spoken in central Chile and west central Argentina by the Mapuche (mapu is earth and che means people) people. ... Mapuche test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Mapuche (Mapudungun; Che, People + Mapu, of the Land) are the Indigenous inhabitants of Central and Southern Chile and Southern Argentina. ... Satellite image of Santiago Santiago (full form Santiago de Chile) is the capital of Chile. ...

Chilean poetry has deep roots in Temuco. Nobel Poets Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda both lived in Temuco. Mistral was the principal at the school where Neruda (Neftali Reyes) studied. The school is now named after Neruda. Gabriela Mistral (April 7, 1889 – January 10, 1957) was the pseudonym of Lucila de María del Perpetuo Socorro Godoy Alcayaga, a Chilean poet, educator, diplomat and feminist who was the first Latin American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, in 1945. ... Pablo Neruda (July 12, 1904 – September 23, 1973) was the penname and, later, legal name of the Chilean writer and communist politician Ricardo Eliecer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto. ...

History

The city was founded on February 24, 1881 as a fort during the Occupation of the Araucanía. Manuel Recabarren, in charge of the project, named the place Fuerte (Fort) Recabarren. is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Map showing the old and the new frontier established by 1870 The Occupation of the Araucania (1861-1883) were a series of military campaigns, agreements and penetration by the Chilean Army and settlers that lead to the incorporation of the Araucanía to the national territory. ...

Born as a military encampment, Temuco had in its origins the attributes of a camp, and a year after its founding, the first major streets started to form in the downtown area.

On April 15th, 1888, the first city officers were elected, including the first mayor José del Rosario Muñoz. The city grew quickly; a census in 1895 indicated a population of 7,708 people, and when Cautin was declared a province, Temuco became its capital, with its population by that time standing at 16,037 people. Forum Temuco, clik [*http://www.temuconline.cl Here] is the 105th day of the year (106th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Geography and climate

Temuco is located in the center-south of Chile, equidistant between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes. Morphologically, the city placement corresponds to Cautín River-originated fluvial land masses that developed in a crushed form between two hills, Ñielol (350m) and Conunhueno (360m). This article is about the mountain range in South America. ... Surface of the Earth Geomorphology is the study of landforms, including their origin and evolution, and the processes that shape them. ... The Cautín (Rio Cautín) is a river in Chile. ...

The city is surrounded by an environment typical to central-southern Chile, consisting mostly of coniferous forests in the midst of a central prairie of moraines and cones next to the foothills of the Andes. The zone produces many crops and fruits, and has an abundance of forests, particularly alerce, oak and lingue. Despite all this, air quality has deteriorated because burning wood is the primary source of heat for most of the city. Air pollution is generally kept under control by the frequent rain in winter. Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus (from Latin oak tree), which are listed in the List of Quercus species, and some related genera, notably...

Climatologically, Temuco corresponds to Chile's central valley Mediterranean region, with a subtropical weather and transition to humid regions. Throughout the years, cyclonic and anticyclonic influences do alternate, with a short dry summer period (when compared to Santiago or other central valley cities). Its mean annual temperature is 12°C, with highest median during the warmest month of 23.5°C and lowest median during the coldest month of 3.9°C (Ciren-Corfo, 1992). Annual mean rain during 1961-1990 (Dirección Meteorológica de Chile, 1991) was 1.157 mm (Capelli de Steffens et al., 1997).

Demographics

Greater Temuco has a population of 260,878 (2002 census), which makes it the second largest city south of Santiago (behind Concepción), and the sixth largest in the country. One of the distinctive features of Temuco is the strong presence of the Mapuche culture, who make up 13.05% of the population in the Temuco commune, and numerous German immigrant colonies. Temuco proper has a population of 227,086. City motto: La Capital del Sur de Chile The Capital of the South of Chile Also called Biobios Pearl Founded October 5, 1550, Original Name La Concepción de María Purísima del Nuevo Extremo Region Bío-Bío Region Area  - City Proper  222 km² Population  - City...

Transport

Anibal Pinto Square

Traffic is frequently congested during working hours and parking on public streets in the downtown sector is difficult to find and is controlled with parking fees being charged. Many streets are one-way, and marked with an arrow, if and when visible or installed.

In residential areas people frequently park on either side of the street, regardless of traffic direction and in some areas vehicles may be seen parked either entirely or partially --with only one side of the vehicle-- on the sidewalk or grass area. A tree lawn, also called a nature strip or devils strip in some areas, is a small area, often planted with trees and grass, between a street and the sidewalk of that street. ...

Traffic signals frequently use green arrows to control turns and right hand turns are not permitted when a red light is showing unless there is a specific sign authorizing such a turn.

Drivers often disregard marked traffic lanes and many buses and collective taxis will stop virtually anywhere to take on or discharge passengers.

Buses and collective taxis are the most popular massive transport. The bus fare is $120 or $150 for students an $300 for adults; the collectivos charge $300 ($400 at night). Regular taxis are also available. This article is about the form of transport. ... A share taxi is a mode of transport that falls between private transport and conventional bus transport, with a fixed route, but the convenience of stopping anywhere to pick or drop passengers, etc. ... For specific countries see Taxicabs around the world. ...

Maquehue Airport is commercial air terminal for Temuco located to the South of the city. Because its low capacity, the Chilean Airport Direction is projecting a new and bigger airport for Temuco. It would be located near Freire, about 20 minutes southern from Temuco. At the time there is a controversy because it would be located in Mapuche areas. Mapuche test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Mapuche (Mapudungun; Che, People + Mapu, of the Land) are the Indigenous inhabitants of Central and Southern Chile and Southern Argentina. ...

The railroad connects Temuco with Santiago to the north and Puerto Montt in the south and points in between. For other uses, see Train (disambiguation). ...

Temuco does not have a rapid transit rail system. There is a train station, connecting Temuco to Santiago and Major Cities South. “Mass Transit” redirects here. ...

Important places

The Campanario Tower, the tallest highrise in the city

• Alemania Avenue

Is the principal Artery in Temuco. Here we can find The Araucaria Museum building (19th century Chilean style); the Menchaca Lira Campus of Art Building (a Victorian Style building, recently restored); The English Alley, where we can find the Red Cross Building and a Blue house (Both Victorian styled). Manchester Town Hall is an example of Victorian architecture found in Manchester, UK. The Carson Mansion is an example of a Victorian home in Eureka, California, USA The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of architectural styles predominantly in the Victorian era. ... The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the Anarchist Red Cross. The band Redd Kross was originally called Red Cross. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Recently, the Alemania Av. has become an important commercial centre. Several restaurants, drug stores, boutiques, supermarkets and two shopping malls have been opened there. Soon, there will also be a Casino built there as well.

The Alemania Av. also has several University campuses; such as the Mayor University campus of Architecture, medicine and communications; the U.C.T Art campus; the U.F.R.O medicine campus; and the Autonoma University. For the community in Florida, see University, Florida. ...

• Downtown

The core of Downtown Temuco is the Main Square Anibal Pinto. Temuco's Main Square is the only one in Chile that was not built with a water fountain in its centre; an art gallery was built in 1981 as part of a total renewal. Compared to other main squares of southern Chile, Temuco's main square is modern. It is a tradition, in all creole cities in Chile, that some specific buildings must be in front of the main square; in Temuco, this tradition was broken. Main Squares are supposed to be surrounded by : a Cathedral (which is in front of Temuco's main square, as traditionally), the Municipality (which is not located in front of the square, as it should by tradition), a Theatre (there is a film theatre in front of it, but is relatively new), a Fire Station (there is not a fire station in front of the square, as it should),a School (there is no school in front of the main square), and a Bank (there are four banks around the main square) The term Creole and its cognates in other languages — such as crioulo, criollo, créole, kriolu, criol, kreyol, kriulo, kriol, krio, etc. ... For other uses, see Cathedral (disambiguation). ... A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ... Serge Sudeikins poster for the Bat Theatre (1922). ... Fire station in Kostroma, Russia (1823-26). ... Students in Rome, Italy. ... For other uses, see Bank (disambiguation). ...

• Ñielol Hill

The Ñielol Hill represents the original forest of the whole southern Chile area as it was before the Spanish people colonize it. It has also a special meaning for the Mapuche population as a religious center at the top. We can also find a restaurant at the top and a viewpoint of the east side of the city and Padre Las Casas, across the river. It is a "must" for visitors. Mapuche test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Mapuche (Mapudungun; Che, People + Mapu, of the Land) are the Indigenous inhabitants of Central and Southern Chile and Southern Argentina. ...

Other features

Temuco's Skyline from the south bridge of Cautin river

Temuco in the night

Temuco is one of the newest cities of Chile. Its modern infrastructure, current architecture, and commercial downtown area define it as an important southern city. It has the largest department stores in the south of Chile, and has a very active commerce. Temuco is home to the universities known as Universidad de la Frontera, Universidad Católica de Temuco Universidad Mayor de Temuco and Universidad Autónoma de Chile. It has a very notable geographic feature called Ñielol Hill (Cerro Ñielol, in Spanish). Universidad de La Frontera is a university in Chile. ... Universidad Católica de Temuco is a university in Chile. ...

The central market is generally considered one of the best places to buy Mapuche crafts, and the Produce and meat market on the east side of town is renown for its local produce, including pinones (nuts from the Araucaria tree).

References

Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 125th day of the year (126th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 125th day of the year (126th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Spanish

• Ilustre Municipalidad de Temuco
• Cuerpo de Bomberos de Temuco
• Primera Compañía de Bomberos de Temuco
• Mercado Municipal de Temuco
• Foro de Jóvenes de Temuco
• Foro de Opinion de Temuco
• Museo Nacional Ferroviario Pablo Neruda

English

• Temuco City Guide, by All Southern Chile and Patagonia

Coordinates: 38°45′S, 72°40′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...