Terek Cossack Host (Russian: Терское казачье войско) was a Cossack host created in 1577 from free Cossacks resettled from Volga to Terek River. In 1892 in was included into Caucasus Line Cossack Host and separated again in 1860, with capital of Vladikavkaz. In 1916 the population was 255,000 within the area of 1.9 million desyatinas. A Cossack host or Cossack voisko (Казачье войско, kazachye voysko, sometimes incorrectly translated as Cossack Army) was an administrative subdivision of Cossacks in Imperial Russia. ... Events March 17 - formation of the Cathay Company to send Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold May 28 - Publication of the Bergen Book, better known as the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord, one of the Lutheran confessional writings. ... Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. ... For other meanings of the word Volga see Volga (disambiguation) Волга Length 3,690 km Elevation of the source 225 m Average discharge  ? m³/s Area watershed 1. ... The Terek (Те́рек) is a major river in the Northern Caucasus, flowing through Georgia and Russia into the Caspian Sea. ... Caucasus Line Cossack Host (Кавказское линейное казачье войско) was a Cossack host created in 1832 in the Northern Caucasus. ... Photo of Vladikavkaz cathedral mosque in 1912. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Obsolete Russian weights and measures were used in Imperial Russia and after the Russian Revolution until they were replaced in the Soviet Union by a metric system in 1924. ...

The formation of the Terek Cossacks was partly influenced by after Russia expanded into Transcaucasia. Most of the mountain peoples refused to accept Russian dominance of the territory. As their tactics included guerilla raids upon Russian convoys and settlements in the mountains normal army was useless to combat them. The Russians then settled the foothills with Cossacks which eventually acted as guard and in the end succeeded in taming the mountain peoples.

As with most Cossacks, the Tereks found themselves on both sides of the conflict during the Russian civil war. Most however fought against communists. The host was disbanded in 1918. In 1920 some of the Terek Cossacks were deported to Ukraine and Northern European Russia. The mountain peoples were encouraged to settle in the empty stanitsas and the Terek oblast was split into Autonomous Soviet Socialist republics of Dagestan, Checheno-Ingushetia and Northern Ossetia. 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Not by Their Own Will. ...

During the second World War the Terek Cossacks fought mostly on the side of the Red Army, the alleged Chechen collaboration and the massacre of Russians in Grozny in 1942 caused the whole populations of Chechen and Ingush to be deported to Kazakhstan. The Terek Cossacks successors once again took absolute majority in the newly established Grozny Oblast in the RSFSR. After the rehabilitation of Chechens in 1957 the territory of the Cossacks was split between the Dagestan and Checheno-Ingushetia republics. Afterwards most of the Cossacks moved into other parts of the USSR, notably the Baltic.

By the time of the 1990's the remaining Terek Cossacks were living in North Dagestan. During the regime of General Dudayev in Chechnya, the surviving Cossacks and other non-Chechen ethnic groups were subjected to repeated oppression, and most of the surving Cossacks were ruthlessly massacred in the independent Chechen Republic of Ichkeria that preceded the first Chechen War. The areas of Nadteretchnij, Naurskij and Shelkovskoj of the Republic of Chetchnia practically lost the traditional Cossack population. In both Chechen wars the Terek Cossacks fought along with other Cossacks against the Chechen Nationalists.

Today many still demand that the Northern Dagestan and two northern Chechen regions be separated into a separate subdivision for the Terek Cossacks.

References

Information about the Terek Cossacks