NationMaster - Encyclopedia: The Citadel (novel)

The Citadel is a novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937, which caused an outcry in England due to its scathing criticism of the state of medical care at the time. The book was groundbreaking with its treatment of the contentious theme of medical ethics, laying the foundation for the introduction of the NHS a decade later. For his fifth book, Dr. Cronin drew on his experiences practicing medicine in the mining communities of South Wales, specifically Tredegar, where he had researched and published reports on the correlation between dust inhalation and lung disease. Additionally, he worked as a doctor for the Tredegar Medical Aid Society at the Cottage Hospital, which served as the model for the National Health Service. Cronin once stated in an interview, "I have written in The Citadel all I feel about the medical profession, its injustices, its hide-bound unscientific stubbornness, its humbug ... The horrors and inequities detailed in the story I have personally witnessed. This is not an attack against individuals, but against a system." The novel was made into a 1938 film, with at least one American (1960) and another BBC television adaptation (1983). The Citadel is a 1938 film based on the novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937. ... The Citadel is a novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937, turned into a 1938 film, with two 1960 US and another 1983 BBC television adaptations. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Archibald Joseph Cronin (July 19, 1896â€“January 6, 1981) was a Scottish novelist, dramatist, and nonfiction writer who was one of the most renowned storytellers of the twentieth century. ... For other uses, see Country (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... This article is about the literary concept. ... A publisher is a person or entity which engages in the act of publishing. ... Victor Gollancz Ltd was a British book publisher founded by Victor Gollancz in 1927; its most notable authors were George Orwell and Ford Madox Ford. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Little, Brown and Company is a publishing house established by Charles Coffin Little and his partner, James Brown. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... â€œISBNâ€ redirects here. ... Archibald Joseph Cronin (July 19, 1896â€“January 6, 1981) was a Scottish novelist, dramatist, and nonfiction writer who was one of the most renowned storytellers of the twentieth century. ... Medical ethics is primarily a field of applied ethics, the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to medicine. ... â€œNHSâ€ redirects here. ... Chuquicamata, the second largest open pit copper mine in the world, Chile. ... Tredegar is a town in the county borough of Blaenau Gwent, traditional county of Monmouthshire, lying on the Sirhowy River in southern Wales, United Kingdom. ... Tredegar General Hospital is a community hospital in Tredegar, Blaenau Gwent, Wales providing rehabilitation and GP in-patient care with 85 full and part-time staff and 58 beds in two wards. ... â€œNHSâ€ redirects here. ... The Citadel is a 1938 film based on the novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937. ... The Citadel is a novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937, turned into a 1938 film, with two 1960 US and another 1983 BBC television adaptations. ...

Plot summary

Hippocrates conquers hypocrisy in this story of an idealistic young doctor, Andrew Manson, whose first job is working for an older doctor in 'Blaenelly,' a small town in the Welsh mountains. Shocked by the conditions there, he determinedly works to improve matters before marrying Christine, a school teacher. They move to 'Aberalaw', a mining town in the Welsh valleys, where she helps Manson with his silicosis research. The couple later moves to London, where Manson works for a government department before going into private practice. A twelfth-century Byzantine manuscript of the Oath in the form of a cross. ... Hypocrisy is the act of condemning or calling for the condemnation of another person when the critic is guilty of the act for which he demands that the accused be condemned. ... Chuquicamata, the second largest open pit copper mine in the world, Chile. ... Silicosis (also known as Grinders disease) is a form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust, and is marked by inflammation and scarring in forms of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Seduced by the thought of easy money from wealthy clients rather than the good works that he originally set out to, Manson becomes involved with pampered private patients and fashionable surgeons, until a patient dies due to a surgeon's ineptitude. When Manson accuses the surgeon of murder, he is vindictively reported to the General Medical Council for having worked with a nature cure practitioner, even though the patient had been successfully treated. The General Medical Council (the GMC) is the regulator of the medical profession in the United Kingdom. ...

Christine is tragically killed in a road accident, but Manson manages to justify his actions satisfactorily during the hearing and is not struck off the register. He finally decides to join two friends in opening an integrated, multispecialty practice in a country town.

External links

Categories: 1937 novels | Novels by A. J. Cronin | Medical novels | Medical ethics | National Health Service | Healthcare in the United Kingdom | British novels | Scottish novels A. J. Cronin is the pen-name of the Scottish novelist Archibald Joseph Cronin (July 19, 1896 - January 9, 1981). ... Look up Works in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. ... Hatters Castle (1935) is a novel by the Scottish writer A.J. Cronin. ... Three Loves is a 1932 novel by A.J. Cronin about the loves of Lucy Moore â€” her husband, her son, and God. ... Grand Canary is a novel by author A. J. Cronin, initially published in 1933. ... The Stars Look Down is a novel by A. J. Cronin, initially published in 1935. ... The Keys of the Kingdom is a 1944 film which tells the story of a young priest who struggles to establish a mission in China. ... The Green Years is a 1944 novel by A. J. Cronin as well as a 1946 film with Charles Coburn, Tom Drake, Dean Stockwell, Hume Cronyn, and Jessica Tandy, based on Cronins book. ... Shannons Way is a 1948 novel by Scots author, A. J. Cronin. ... The Spanish Gardener is a 1950 novel by A. J. Cronin which tells the story of a British diplomat, Harrington Brande, who is posted to Catalonia, Spain after his marriage collapses. ... Beyond This Place is a novel by A. J. Cronin, later made into a film. ... A Thing of Beauty is a novel by author A. J. Cronin, initially published in 1956, with the alternate title of Crusaders Tomb. ... This article is about a novel by A. J. Cronin. ... The Judas Tree is a 1961 novel by A. J. Cronin. ... First edition dustjacket with design of a thistle, the Scottish national flower A Song of Sixpence is a 1964 novel by A. J. Cronin about the coming to manhood of Laurence Carroll and his life in Scotland. ... A Pocketful of Rye is a 1969 novel by A. J. Cronin about a young Scottish doctor, Carrol, and his life in Switzerland. ... The Minstrel Boy is a 1975 novel by A. J. Cronin. ... This article is in need of attention. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Kaleidoscope in K is a short story by author A. J. Cronin, initially published in 1933 in Cosmopolitan magazine. ... A novella is a narrative work of prose fiction somewhat longer than a short story but shorter than a novel. ... The Innkeepers Wife is a 1958 Christmas story, written by A. J. Cronin for The American Weekly. ... For other uses, see Play (disambiguation). ... Jupiter Laughs is A. J. Cronins 1940 play in three acts about a doctor and his love interest, who hopes to become a medical missionary. ... Cover of the first English edition of 1793 of Benjamin Franklins autobiography. ... Adventures in Two Worlds is the 1952 autobiography of Dr. A. J. Cronin, in which he relates, with much humour, the exciting events of his dual career as a medical doctor and a novelist. ... United States may refer to: Places: United States of America SS United States, the fastest ocean liner ever built. ... This article is about motion pictures. ... Film adaptation is the transfer of a written work to a feature film. ... Once to Every Woman is a 1934 film adaptation of A. J. Cronins short story, Kaleidoscope in K. The film was made by Columbia Pictures and stars Ralph Bellamy and Fay Wray. ... Grand Canary is a novel by author A. J. Cronin, initially published in 1933. ... The Citadel is a 1938 film based on the novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937. ... Film adaptation is the transfer of a written work to a feature film. ... Vigil in the Night is a 1940 film based on the 1939 serial by Scottish author, A.J. Cronin. ... The Stars Look Down is a novel by A. J. Cronin, initially published in 1935. ... Shining Victory (known as Winged Victory in the U.S.) is a 1941 film based on a play, Jupiter Laughs, by the Scottish writer A.J. Cronin. ... This article is about the 1942 film. ... The Keys of the Kingdom is a 1944 film which tells the story of a young priest who struggles to establish a mission in China. ... This article is about the 1946 film. ... The Spanish Gardener is a 1950 novel by A. J. Cronin which tells the story of a British diplomat, Harrington Brande, who is posted to Catalonia, Spain after his marriage collapses. ... Web of Evidence is a 1959 British film based on the novel, Beyond This Place, by A.J. Cronin. ... Dr. Finlay is a fictional character, the hero of a series of stories by Scottish author A. J. Cronin. ... The Citadel is a novel by A. J. Cronin, first published in 1937, turned into a 1938 film, with two 1960 US and another 1983 BBC television adaptations. ...

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Plot summary