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The Game of the Century usually refers to a chess game played between Donald Byrne and 13-year old Bobby Fischer in the Rosenwald Memorial Tournament in New York City on October 17, 1956. It was nicknamed "The Game of the Century" by Hans Kmoch in Chess Review. (Other people have offered different games as candidates for this description, such as the game between Garry Kasparov and Veselin Topalov at the Wijk aan Zee Corus tournament in 1999.) A chess table is a table with a chessboard painted or engraved on it. ...
Donald Byrne (June 12, 1930âMay 6, 1976) was one of the USAs strongest chess players during the 1950s and 1960s. ...
Bobby Fischer. ...
The city is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture, and is one of the worlds major global cities (along with London, Tokyo and Paris) with a virtually unrivaled collection of museums, galleries, performance venues, media outlets, international corporations, and stock exchanges. ...
October 17 is the 290th (in leap years the 291st) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. ...
1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Hans Kmoch is an influential chess author. ...
Garry Kasparov Garry Kimovich Kasparov (ÐаÌÑÑи ÐиÌÐ¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ ÐаÑпаÌÑов, pronounced with stress falling on the second syllable: kas-PA-rov) (born April 13, 1963) is a chess grandmaster and is arguably the strongest chess player...
Veselin Topalov Veselin Topalov (Bulgarian: ; born Ruse, Bulgaria, March 15, 1975) is a Bulgarian chess player. ...
The Corus chess tournament takes place every year in a small town Wijk aan Zee in the province North Holland of the Netherlands. ...
1999 (MCMXCIX) is a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...
In this game, Fischer (playing black) demonstrates brilliance, innovation, improvisation and poetry. Byrne (playing white), after a standard opening, makes a minor mistake on move 11, moving the same piece twice (wasting time). Fischer pounces, with strong sacrificial play, culminating in an incredible queen sacrifice on move 17. Byrne captures the queen, but Fischer more than compensates by taking many other pieces. In the ending, Fischer gives an excellent demonstration of how pieces can work together to achieve a checkmate. Chess book author Graham Burgess suggests three lessons to be learned from this game, which can be summarized as follows: - In general, don't waste time by moving the same piece twice in an opening; get your other pieces developed first.
- Material sacrifices are likely to be effective if your opponent's king is still in the middle and a central file is open.
- Even at 13, Fischer was a player to be reckoned with.
Donald Byrne (1930– 1976), by the time of this game, had already obtained first place in the 1953 US Open Championship, and would later represent the United States in three Olympiads (1962, 1964, and 1968). He became an International Master in 1962. Robert "Bobby" Fischer (b. 1943 ) won the world chess championship in 1972. 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ...
1976 (MCMLXXVI) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...
1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ...
1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...
For the Nintendo 64 emulator, see 1964 (Emulator). ...
1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ...
The title International Master is awarded to outstanding chess players by the world chess organization FIDE. The title is open to both men and women. ...
1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...
1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ...
The 1984 World Chess Championship was between Anatoly Karpov (right) and Garry Kasparov (left). ...
1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year that started on a Saturday. ...
The game The game is given here in algebraic notation: Algebraic chess notation is the method used today by all competition chess organizations and most books, magazines, and newspapers to record and describe the play of chess games. ...
- 1. Nf3
- A noncommittal move. From here, the game can develop into a number of different openings.
- 1. ... Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7
- Fischer has opted for a defense based on "hypermodern" principles: he's inviting Byrne to establish a classical pawn stronghold in the center, which Fischer hopes to undermine and transform into a target. Fischer has fianchettoed his bishop, so it can attack the a1-h8 diagonal including its center squares.
- 4. d4 O-O
- Fischer castles, concentrating on protecting his king immediately.
- 5. Bf4 d5 (Grünfeld Defence, 5.Bf4, D92)
- The Grünfeld Defence is usually brought about with the opening moves 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5.
- 6. Qb3
- The so-called Russian System, putting pressure on Fischer's central d5 pawn.
- 6. ... dxc4
- Fischer relinquishes his centre, but draws Byrne's queen to a square where it is a little exposed and can be attacked.
- 7. Qxc4 c6 8. e4 Nbd7 9. Rd1 Nb6 10. Qc5 Bg4
- At this point, Byrne's pieces are more developed, and he controls the center squares. However, Fischer's king is well-protected, while Byrne's king is not.
| | | The position after 11. Bg5. | - 11. Bg5?
- Here Byrne makes a mistake—he moves the same piece twice, losing time, instead of developing in some way. Both Burgess, Nunn and Emms and Wade and O'Connell suggest 11. Be2; this would protect the King and enable a later kingside castle. For example, the game Flear-Morris, Dublin 1991, continued 11. Be2 Nfd7 12. Qa3 Bxf3 13. Bxf3 e5 14. dxe5 Qe8 15. Be2 Nxe5 16. O-O and white is better.
- 11. ... Na4!!
- Here Fischer cleverly offers up his Knight, but if Byrne takes it with Nxa4 Fischer will play Nxe4, and Byrne then suddenly has some terrible choices:
- 13. Qxe7 Qa5+ 14. b4 Qxa4 15. Qxe4 Rfe8 16. Be7 Bxf3 17. gxf3 Bf8 produces a terrible pin.
- 13. Bxe7 Nxc5 14. Bxd8 Nxa4 15. Bg5 Bxf3 16. gxf3 Nxb2 gives Fischer an extra pawn and ruins Byrne's pawn structure.
- 13. Qc1 Qa5+ 14. Nc3 Bxf3 15.gxf3 Nxg5 gives Fischer back his piece and a better position.
- 12. Qa3 Nxc3 13. bxc3 Nxe4!
- Fischer offers to Byrne material, in exchange for a much better position that is especially dangerous to white: an open e-file, with white's king poorly protected.
- 14. Bxe7 Qb6 15. Bc4
- Byrne wisely decides to decline the offered material.
| | | After 17. Kf1. Instead of protecting his queen, Fischer will launch a stunning counterattack with ...Be6. | - 15. ... Nxc3! 16. Bc5 Rfe8+ 17. Kf1
- Byrne threatens Fischer's queen; Fischer brings his pieces into play and checks his opponent's king as well. But surely Fischer will save his queen now, right?
- 17. ... Be6!!
- This is a very clever move by Fischer; this is the move that made this game famous. Instead of trying to protect his queen, Fischer viciously counter-attacks using his bishop and sacrifices his queen.
- 18. Bxb6
- Byrne takes Fischer's offered queen, which leads to a massive loss of material, but other moves are no better. For example, 18.Bxe6 leads to a forced smothered mate with 18...Qb5+ 19.Kg1 Ne2+ 20.Kf1 Ng3+ 21.Kg1 Qf1+ 22.Rxf1 Ne2#.
- 18. ... Bxc4+
- Fischer now begins a series of discovered checks, picking up material.
- 19. Kg1 Ne2+ 20. Kf1 Nxd4+ 21. Kg1 Ne2+ 22. Kf1 Nc3+ 23. Kg1 axb6
- This move by Fischer takes time out to capture a piece, but it doesn't waste time because it also threatens Byrne's queen. Byrne's queen cannot take the knight on c3, because it's protected by Fischer's bishop on g7.
| | | After 25... Nxd1. Fischer's sacrifice was worth it. | - 24. Qb4 Ra4
- Fischer uses his pieces together nicely in concert; the knight on c3 protects the rook on a4, which in turn protects the bishop on c4. This forces Byrne's queen away.
- 25. Qxb6
- Byrne's queen picks up a pawn, but Byrne's queen is now poorly placed.
- 25. ... Nxd1
- Fischer has taken a rook, 2 bishops, and a pawn as compensation for his queen. In short, Fischer has gained significantly more material than he lost in his queen sacrifice. In addition, Byrne's remaining rook is stuck on h1 and it will take precious time to free it, giving Fischer opportunity to set up another offensive. Byrne has also lost control over most of the center squares; Fischer now controls this strategically important area. Byrne has the only remaining queen, but this will not be enough, particularly because it is now poorly placed. Most players would resign at this point, but Byrne gamely plays on until mate.
- 26. h3 Rxa2 27. Kh2 Nxf2 28. Re1 Rxe1 29. Qd8+ Bf8 30. Nxe1 Bd5 31. Nf3 Ne4 32. Qb8 b5
- Interestingly, every piece and pawn of Black is defended, leaving White's "extra" queen with nothing to do.
- 33. h4 h5 34. Ne5 Kg7
- Fischer breaks the pin, allowing the bishop to attack as well.
| | | After 35... Bc5+; mate is inevitable. | - 35. Kg1 Bc5+
- Now Fischer "peels away" the white king from his last defender, and begins a series of checks that culminate in checkmate. This series of moves is interesting in the way Fischer shows how to use various pieces together to force a checkmate.
- 36. Kf1 Ng3+
- Fischer brings his knight into the fray to force Byrne's king to the queenside.
- 37. Ke1 Bb4+ 38. Kd1 Bb3+ 39. Kc1 Ne2+ 40. Kb1 Nc3+ 41. Kc1 Rc2# 0-1
This game in PGN-format. The first moves of a chess game are the opening moves, collectively referred to as the opening. ...
The Queens Indian Defence is a hypermodern opening Hypermodernism is a school of chess thought which advocates controlling the centre of the board with distant pieces rather than with pawns, thus inviting the opponent to occupy the centre with pawns which can then become objects of attack. ...
In chess the fianchetto (Italian little flanking) is a pattern of development wherein a bishop is developed to the second rank of the adjacent knight file, the knight pawn having been moved one or two squares forward. ...
The Grünfeld Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves (in algebraic notation) 1. ...
Grünfeld Defense, 5. ...
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Image File history File links This image is used in the standard chess diagram template. ...
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The queen is the most powerful piece in the game of chess. ...
In chess, a smothered mate is a checkmate delivered by a knight in which the mated king is unable to move because he is surrounded (or smothered) by his own pieces. ...
Image File history File links Chess_zhor_22. ...
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Image File history File links This image is used in the standard chess diagram template. ...
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Image File history File links Chess_zver_22. ...
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References - Burgess, Graham, John Nunn, and John Emms. The Mammoth Book of The World's Greatest Chess Games. 1998. ISBN 0-7867-0587-6. pp. 213-216.
- Eade, James. Chess for Dummies. NY, NY: IDG Books. 1996. ISBN 0-7645-5003-9.
- Wade, Robert G. and Kevin J. O'Connell. Bobby Fischer's Chess Games. 1972. ISBN 0-385-08627-X. pp. 110-113 (game 179).
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