NationMaster - Encyclopedia: The Kremlin

Download high resolution version (1007x479, 130 KB)The Moscow Kremlin. Taken from the German Wikipedia. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click on date to download the file or see the image uploaded on that date...

The Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin ( Russian (русский язык listen?) is the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages. Russian belongs to the group of Indo-European languages, and is therefore related to Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin, as well as the modern Germanic, Romance, and Celtic... Russian: Московский Кремль) is the best known This article is about Russian citadels. For other meanings of the word, see Kremlin (disambiguation). Kremlin (Кремль) is the Russian word for citadel and refers to any major fortified central complex found in historical Russian cities. This word is often used to refer to the... kremlin ( The Russian Federation ( Russian: Росси́йская Федера́ция, transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija), or Russia (Russian: Росси́я, transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija), is a country that stretches... Russian citadel). It is a fortified complex (see The following is a list of towers of Moscow Kremlin Contents // Categories: Russia-related stubs | Towers ... Kremlin towers) which includes the Kremlin Palaces and Kremlin Cathedrals, overlooking the Red Square, with Lenins Tomb (center) Red Square at night, with Lenins Tomb (center) Red Square (Russian Красная площадь, Krasnaya ploshchad) is the famous square in Moscow which used to house huge military parades during the... Red Square in Saint Basils Cathedral Moscow listen? ( Russian/Cyrillic: Москва́, pronunciation: Moskva), capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva, and encompassing 1097.12 km2. Its coordinates are 55°45′ N 37°37′ E. The citys population... Moscow. The complex serves as the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the The Russian Federation (Russian: Росси́йская Федера́ция, transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija), or Russia (Russian: Росси́я, transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija), is a country that stretches... Russian Federation.

History

Download high resolution version (1184x775, 436 KB)The Moscow Kremlin. Taken from the Dutch Wikipedia. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click on date to download the file or see the image uploaded on that date...

Another view of the Moscow Kremlin

The site originates from the first settlements in the area on Borovitsky Hill where the The Neglinnaya River (Неглинная in Russian), a.k.a. Neglimna, Neglinna, Neglinka (Неглимна, Неглинна, Неглинка), is a river in the central... Neglinnaya River flowed into the Moskva River (Москва́), also known as the Moscow River, is a small river over 400 miles long, situated in Russia, Eastern Europe. Moscow (Москва́), the capital of Russia, is situated on it, also the river flows via Voskresensk... Moskva River. From the (10th century - 11th century - 12th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages. Events 1000 (cca), Vikings, led... 11th century there was a significant fortified structure on the hill. The city was greatly extended by Prince Yury Dolgoruky, Dologoruky meaning of the long hands/arms (Юрий Долгорукий in Russian) (1091? - May 15, 1157), Prince of Suzdal, Grand Prince of Kiev, sixth son of Vladimir Monomakh, founder of Moscow. During his fathers reign, Yuri... Yuri Dolgoruky in the (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages. Events Song dynasty loses power... 12th century. The fortress was named the Kremlin in Events Stefan Dusan declares himself king of Serbia Start of the reign of Emperor Kogon of Japan, first of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Births Deaths Abulfeda, geographer Categories: 1331 ... 1331. Between Events Births Anne of Bohemia, Queen consort of Richard II of England. Hubert van Eyck, Dutch Painter (approximate date). Deaths January 24 - Alfonso IV of Aragon Summer - Ming Yuzhen Categories: 1366 ... 1366- Events Timur ascends throne of Samarkand. Restoration of the Great Wall of China. Hongwu establishes the Ming Dynasty in China. Some Chinese scholars consider this the end of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. Emperor Chokei ascends to the throne of Japan Births February 14/15 - Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor December 3... 1368, during the rule of Grand Prince (Velikiy Kniaz) Dmitri Ivanovich Donskoi (Дмитрий Донской, in Russian) (October 12, 1350 - 1389) was a Russian ruler (1359 - 1389). His thirty year reign saw great changes in Russia and was the beginning of the end for... Dmitri Donskoi, a white-stone citadel was constructed. By the (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. Events Renaissance affects philosophy, science and art. The New Monarchs come to power in France, England, Portugal and Spain. Rise of... 15th century the principalities of Russia were united under Grand Prince Albus rex Ivan III Ivan III Vasilevich (Иван III Васильевич) (January 22, 1440 - October 27, 1505), also known as Ivan the Great, was a grand duke of Muscovy who first adopted a more pretentious title of the grand... Ivan III of Moscow, who became the Grand Prince of All Russia. He organised the reconstruction of the Kremlin, inviting a number of noted builders from The Italian Republic or Italy ( Italian: Repubblica Italiana or Italia) is a country in southern Europe. It comprises a boot-shaped peninsula and two large islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia, and shares its northern alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. The independent countries of San... Italy, the Architecture (in Greek αρχή = first and τέχνη = craftsmanship) is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. A wider definition would include within its scope the design of the total built environment, from the macrolevel of town planning, urban design, and landscape... architect Aristotile Fioravanti (ca. 1415 or 1420 – ca. 1486) was an architect and engineer from Italy. His name is also given as Aristotele Fioravanti or Aristotle Fioravanti. His surname is sometimes given as Fieraventi. Russian versions of his name are Фьораванти... Aristotile Fioravanti among them.

Buildings

The irregular triangle of the Kremlin walls encloses an area of 275,000 square metres (68 acres). Cathedral Square is the heart of the Kremlin. It is surrounded by six buildings, including three A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy (such as the Roman Catholic Church or the Anglican churches), which serves as the central church of a bishopric. As cathedrals are often particularly impressive edifices, the term is sometimes also used loosely as a... cathedrals. The Cathedral of the Dormition, Moscow, in winter The Cathedral of the Dormition or Cathedral of the Assumption (in Russian, Uspensky Sobor (Успенский Собор)) is the name of several cathedrals in the world. The most famous cathedral with this... Cathedral of the Dormition is the oldest structure, completed in Events January 20 - Ferdinand II ascends the throne of Aragon and rules together with his wife Isabella, queen of Castile over most of the Iberian peninsula. Together they conquer Granada in 1492 ending 800 years of Moorish rule. August 7 - Battle of Guinegate - A French army sent to invade the... 1479 to be the main church of Moscow and where all the Tsar ( Bulgarian цар, Russian царь, listen?; often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century... Tsars were crowned. The massive Limey shale overlaid by limestone. Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed of the mineral calcite (calcium carbonate). The primary source of this calcite is usually marine organisms. These organisms secrete shells that settle out of the water column and are deposited on ocean floors as pelagic ooze... limestone facade, capped with its five General Name, Symbol, Number Gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11 (IB), 6, d Density, Hardness 19300 kg/m3, 2.5 Appearance Metallic yellow Atomic properties Atomic weight 196.96655 amu Atomic radius (calc.) 135 (174) pm Covalent radius 144 pm van der Waals radius 166... golden For other uses, see cupola (disambiguation) Cupola of St Peters Basilica, Rome In architecture, a cupola consists of a dome-shaped ornamental structure located on top of a larger roof or dome, often used as a lookout or to admit light and remove stale air. The word comes from... cupolas was the design of Fioravanti. The gilded, nine-domed Cathedral of the Annunciation was completed next in Events March 14 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. November 29 - Arthur Tudor is named Prince of Wales. December 11 - Jeannetto de Tassis is appointed appointed Chief Master of Postal Services in Innsbruck, his descendants the Turn und Taxis family later run much of the... 1489. The The Cathedral of the Archangel Michael is a cathedral in the Kremlin complex in Moscow, Russia. Categories: Stub | Buildings in Moscow | Cathedrals of Russia ... Cathedral of the Archangel Michael ( Events February - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor attacks Venice June 6 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three year truce and cede several territories to Venice December 10 - League of Cambrai formed as an alliance against Venice between... 1508) is on the south-east of the square, where over fifty members of the Russian Royal families are interred. The other notable structure is the Ivan the Great Bell Tower, with Assumption Belfry on the left The Ivan the Great Bell Tower is the tallest bell tower of the Kremlin in Moscow, with a total height of 81 meters (266 feet). It was built for the Assumption, Archangel and Annunciation Cathedrals, which do not have... Ivan the Great Bell Tower on the north-east corner of the square, it is 81 m (266 ft) high and is said to mark the exact centre of Moscow. Its 21 bells would sound the alarm if any enemy was approaching.

Download high resolution version (1189x789, 458 KB)Tsar-Pushka (Imperial Cannon) at the Moscow Kremlin. Taken from the Dutch Wikipedia. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click on date to download the file or see the...

Tsar Pushka, the Imperial Cannon, at the Moscow Kremlin Tsar Pushka (Царь-пушка in Russian) is a huge cannon, founded in 1586 by a Russian founding master Andrey Chokhov. Weight - 40 tons, length - 5,34 m, calibre - 890 mm. This cannon was meant... Tsar Pushka, the Imperial Cannon, at the Moscow Kremlin

The oldest secular structure still standing is the The Palace of the Facets (Грановитая Палата) is part of what is now known as the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia. In the 19th century, the Palace of the Facets, along with the Terem Palace, was incorporated... Palace of Facets ( Events December 6 - King Charles VIII marries Anne de Bretagne, thus incorporating Brittany into the kingdom of France. A major fire breaks out in Dresden. Births June 28 - Henry VIII, king of England (+ 1547) December 24(?) - Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Society of Jesus (+ 1556) December 31 - French Canada (+ 1557... 1491), which holds the imperial thrones, it was commissioned by Ivan IV (August 25, 1530–March 18, 1584) was the first ruler of Russia to assume the title of tsar. He is also known as Ivan the Terrible (Ива́н Гро́зный, Ivan Grozny). This tsar retains his place in... Ivan IV (the Terrible). Next oldest is the first home of the royal family, the The construction of the Terem Palace in the Moscow Kremlin began in the period 1635-1636. The uppermost floor of the palace contained the private chambers, where, during the 17th century, the female members of the Romanov family lived in seclusion, surrounded by elaborate protocol. Even physicians were only admitted... Terem Palace. The original Terem Palace was commissioned by Ivan III, but most of the existing palace was built in the (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. During this period, the power of England and the United Provinces increased; while that of Spain and Portugal declined. Similarly, the power... 17th century. The Terem Palace and the Palace of Facets are linked by the Andreevsky Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace in 1849 The Grand Kremlin Palace (Большой Кремлевский дворец Bolshoi Kremlyovski Dvorets), also translated Great Kremlin Palace, was built from 1837 to... Grand Kremlin Palace. This was commissioned by Nicholas I Pavlovich (Russian: Николай I Павлович, July 6 (June 25, Old Style), 1796–March 2 (February 18, Old Style), 1855) was the Emperor of Russia and king of Poland from 1825 until his death in... Nicholas I in Events January 6 - Samuel Morse first publicly demonstrates the telegraph. January 8 - Alfred Vail demonstrates a telegraph using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code) January 12 - Joseph Smith, Jr. and Sidney Rigdon flee Ohio for Missouri March 7 – Jenny Lind, the Swedish Nightingale debuts at... 1838. It was the largest structure in the Kremlin and cost 11 million 1998 Russian Federation one rouble coin. Heads (right) and tails (left) 1898 Russian Empire one rouble bill. Obverse. 1898 Russian Empire one rouble bill. Reverse. The ruble (Russian рубль, French-derived transliteration rouble) is the currency of the Russian Federation and Belarus (and formerly, of the... rubles to build. It contains reception halls, a ceremonial red staircase, and private apartments.

The Northeast corner of the Kremlin is occupied by Arsenal is a large triangular building close to the edge of the Moscow Kremlin that faces Red Square (the top of the building features a pole with a Russian flag that is very prominent on the red square). This building was traditionally the armoury of the fortress. However, in the... the Arsenal, which was originally built for Peter I Emperor and Autocrat of All Russia Peter I (Pyotr Alekseyvich) (9 June 1672–8 February 1725 [30 May 1672–28 January 1725 O.S.1]) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death. Known as Peter the Great (, Pyotr Velikiy), he... Peter the Great in Events January 18 - Frederick I becomes King of Prussia. May 23 - After being convicted of murdering William Moore and for piracy, Captain William Kidd is hanged in London. July 24 - Detroit, Michigan founded. September 16 - Prince James Francis Edward Stuart becomes the new claimant to the thrones of Scotland as... 1701. The current Arsenal was built in Events March 4 - James Monroe succeeds James Madison as the President of the United States of America April – Earthquake in Palermo, Italy April 3 – Princess Caraboo appears in Almondsbury in Gloucestershire, England May - The General Convention of the Episcopal Church founded General Theological Seminary while meeting in New... 1817 after For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). Portrait of Napoléon Bonaparte Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general and ruler of France. He was a general of the French Revolution and became the effective ruler of France in 1799: he was First Consul (Premier... Napoleon's troops destroyed the previous building in his failed invasion of Russia in 1812.

The northwestern section of the Kremlin holds the The Armory (Оружейная палата in Russian), one of the oldest museums of Moscow, located in the Kremlin. Initially, the Armory was a state institutiton, known since 1508. In the second half of the 16th century - early 18th... Armoury building. Built in Events January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. March 1 - Victor Hugo gives speech at the French national assembly and uses the phrase United States of Europe several times March 27 - First... 1851, it is currently a museum.

Political figures

The name Kremlin has become a In rhetoric and cognitive linguistics, metonymy (in Greek meta = after/later and onoma = name) is the use of a single characteristic to identify a more complex entity. It is also known as denominatio or pars pro toto (part for the whole). In rhetoric, metonymy is the substitution of one word... metonym used to refer to the government of the The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) .( Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик... Soviet Union (1922-1991) and its highest members, such as general secretaries, premiers, presidents, ministers, and commissars. To some extent, it is still used in reference to the government of the The Russian Federation (Russian: Росси́йская Федера́ция, transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija), or Russia (Russian: Росси́я, transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija), is a country that stretches... Russian Federation.

Encyclopedia > The Kremlin

History

Buildings

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