Sir Edward Burne-Jones painted The Sleeping Beauty.

For other uses, see Sleeping Beauty (disambiguation).

Sleeping Beauty ("La Belle au Bois dormant") is a fairy tale classic, the first in the set published in 1697 by Charles Perrault, Contes de ma Mère l'Oye ("Mother Goose Tales"). Elements of the story are contained in Giambattista Basile's Pentamerone (published 1634), in the tale Sun, Moon and Talia (ch. 39). Professor J. R. R. Tolkien noted that Perrault's cultural presence is so pervasive that, when asked to name a fairy tale, most people will cite one of the eight stories in Perrault's collection. Since Tolkien's generation, however, the most familiar Sleeping Beauty has become the Walt Disney animated film (1959), which draws as much from the Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ballet (Saint Petersburg, 1890) as from Perrault. More than many fairy tales, Sleeping Beauty partakes of many deep European myths, both pagan and Christian. Sleeping Beauty by Sir Edward Burne-Jones, from the Briar Rose series 4 Image source: http://209. ... Love Among the Ruins, by Edward Burne-Jones. ... Sleeping Beauty may refer to one of the following. ... A fairy tale is a story, either told to children or as if told to children, concerning the adventures of mythical characters such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, giants, and others. ... Events September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 – St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher Polhem starts Swedens first technical school. ... Charles Perrault, 1665 Charles Perrault (January 12, 1628–May 16, 1703) was a French author. ... Giambattista Basile (1566 or 1575–February 23, 1632) was an Italian poet, courtier, and fairy tale collector. ... Giambattista Basile (1566 or 1575–February 23, 1632) was an Italian poet, courtier, and fairy tale collector. ... Events Moses Amyrauts Traite de la predestination is published Curaçao captured by the Dutch Treaty of Polianovska First meeting of the Académie française The witchcraft affair at Loudun Jean Nicolet lands at Green Bay, Wisconsin Opening of Covent Garden Market in London English establish a settlement... J. R. R. Tolkien in 1972, in his study at Merton Street (from by H. Carpenter) John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (January 3, 1892 – September 2, 1973) is best known as the author of The Hobbit and its sequel The Lord of the Rings. ... Walter Elias Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966), was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, and animator. ... Sleeping Beauty is the sixteenth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (help· info) (Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайкóвский, sometimes transliterated as Piotr, Anglicised as Peter Ilich), (7 May [O.S. 25 April] 1840 – 6 November [O.S. 25 October] 1893) was a Russian composer of the Romantic era. ... Sleeping Beauty (Russian: Спящая красавица) is one of the classical repertoires famous ballets, with the musical score composed by Tchaikovsky. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... In the academic fields of mythology, mythography, and folkloristics a myth is a sacred story concerning the origins of the world or how the world and the creatures in it came to have their present form. ... Paganism (from Latin paganus) and Heathenry are catch-all terms which have come to connote a broad set of spiritual/religious beliefs and practices of a natural religion, as opposed to the Abrahamic religions. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion centered on the life, teachings, and actions of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as Jesus Christ, as recounted in the New Testament. ...

Perrault's narrative

The basic elements of Perrault's narrative are in two parts.

Part one

At the christening of a long-wished-for princess, fairies invited as godmothers offered gifts of beauty, wit, grace, and musical talents. However, a wicked fairy who had been overlooked placed the princess under an enchantment as her gift, saying that, on reaching adulthood, she would prick her finger on a spindle and die. This article is in need of attention. ... by Sophie Anderson A fairy is a spirit or supernatural being that is found in the legends, folklore, and mythology of many different cultures. ... A godparent, in Christianity, is someone who sponsors a childs baptism. ... A spindle (sometimes called a drop spindle) is a wooden spike weighted at one end with a wheel and an optional hook at the other end. ...

A good fairy, though unable to reverse the spell, altered its effect so that the princess, instead of dying, would fall asleep for a hundred years, until awakened by the kiss of a prince's son.

The king forbade spinning on distaff or spindle, or the possession of one, upon pain of death, throughout the kingdom, but all in vain. When the princess was fifteen or sixteen she chanced to come upon an old woman in a tower of the castle, who was spinning. The Princess asked to try the unfamiliar task and the inevitable happened. The wicked fairy's curse was fulfilled. The good fairy returned and put everyone in the castle to sleep.

Eventually, a prince arrived, and, hearing the story of the enchantment, braved the wood, which parted at his approach, and entered the castle. He kissed the princess, everyone in the castle woke to continue where they had left off... and, in modern versions, they all lived happily ever after.

Part two

Secretly wed by the reawakened Royal almoner, the Prince continued to visit the Princess, who bore him two children, L'Aurore and Le Jour, which he kept secret from the Queen his mother, who was of an Ogre lineage. Once he had acceded to the throne, he brought the Princess and the children to his capital, which he then left in the regency of the Queen Mother, while he went to make war on his neighbor the Emperor Contalabutte, ("Count of The Mount"). Eos, by Evelyn de Morgan (1850 - 1919), 1895 (Columbia Museum of Art, Columbia, SC): for a Pre-Raphaelite painter, Eos was still the classical pagan equivalent of an angel Eos (dawn) was, in Greek mythology, the Titan Goddess of the dawn, who rose from her home at the edge of... This article is about Helios in Greek and Roman mythology. ... A Japanese aka-oni, or red ogre, vanquishes demons at an onsen in Beppu According to the folklore and mythology of the peoples of Northern Europe, the ogres (related to the Latin Orcus, though it purportedly comes from Hungar or Uigur, meaning Hungarian or perhaps Hun) are a race of...

The Ogre Queen sent the Princess Queen and the children to a house secluded in the woods, and directed her cook there to prepare the boy for her dinner, with a sauce Robert. The humane cook substituted a lamb, which satisfied the Ogre Queen, who demanded the girl, but was satisfied with a kid prepared in the same excellent sauce. When the Ogre Queen demanded that he serve up the Princess Queen, she offered her throat to be slit, so that she might join the children she imagined were dead. There was a tearful secret reunion in the cook's little house, while the Ogre Queen was satisfied with a hind prepared with sauce Robert. Soon she discovered the trick and prepared a tub in the courtyard filled with vipers and other noxious creatures. The King returned in the nick of time and the Ogress, being discovered, threw herself into the pit she had prepared and was consumed, and everyone else lived happily ever after. Sauce Robert (Brown Mustard Sauce for the English kitchen) is based on the classic long-simmered French brown sauce that coats sliced beef roasts, or leftovers, with a It is too dark and rich for sliced turkey breast, but would suit pheasant. ... The word Hind can refer to: A female deer, usually the red deer. ...

Sleeping Beauty in music

Michele Carafa composed La belle au bois dormant in 1825. Michele Enrico Carafa di Colobrano (17 November 1787 – 26 July 1872) was an Italian opera composer. ... La belle au bois dormant is an opera composed by Michele Carafa to a French libretto. ... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Before Tchaikovsky's version, several ballet productions were based on the "sleeping beauty" theme, amongst which one from Eugène Scribe: in the winter of 1828–1829, the French playwright furnished a four-act mimed scenario as a basis for Aumer's choreography of a four-act ballet-pantomime La Belle au bois dormant. Scribe wisely omitted the violence of the second part of Perrault's tale for the ballet, which was set by Hérold and first staged at the Académie Royale, Paris, April 27, 1829. Though Hérold popularized his piece with a piano Rondo brilliant based on themes from the music, he was not successful in getting the ballet staged again. Sleeping Beauty (Russian: Спящая красавица) is one of the classical repertoires famous ballets, with the musical score composed by Tchaikovsky. ... The Waltz of the Snowflakes from Tchaikovskys The Nutcracker. ... Augustin Eugène Scribe (December 24, 1791 - February 20, 1861), was a French dramatist and librettist. ... 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Pantomime may refer to two different types of performing arts. ... Louis Joseph Ferdinand Herold (Paris, January 28, 1791–Thernes, January 19, 1833) was a French operatic composer of Alsatian descent who also wrote many pieces for the piano and orchestra. ... April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

When Ivan Vsevolozhsky, the Director of the Imperial Theatres in Saint Petersburg, wrote to Tchaikovsky on May 25, 1888, suggesting a ballet based on Perrault's tale, he also cut the violent second half, climaxed the action with the Awakening Kiss, and followed with a conventional festive last act, a series of bravura variations. May 25 is the 145th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (146th in leap years). ... 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... In music, variation is a formal technique where material is altered during repetition; reiteration with changes. ...

Although Tchaikovsky was maybe not all that eager to compose a new ballet (remembering that the reception of his Swan Lake ballet music, staged eleven seasons earlier, had only been lukewarm), he set to work with Vsevolovsky's scenario. The ballet, with Tchaikovsky's music (his Opus 66) and choreography by Marius Petipa, was premiered in the Saint Petersburg Maryinsky Theatre on January 24, 1890. // Swan Lake (Russian: Лебединое Озеро) is one of the most famous and critically-acclaimed ballets, with music by Tchaikovsky (opus 20). ... Marius Petipa (March 11, 1818 — July 14, 1910) was the French dancer and choreographer who virtually invented the now-traditional structure of classical ballet in a career that was centered at the Imperial Theater in St Petersburg. ... The Maryinsky (or Mariinsky) Theatre (or Theater), is the St Petersburg theatre where the Mariinsky Ballet is located. ... January 24 is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ...

Besides being Tchaikovsky's first major success in ballet composition, it set a new standard for what is now called "Classical Ballet", and remained one of the all time favourites in the whole of the ballet repertoire. Sleeping Beauty was the first ballet that impresario Sergei Diaghilev ever saw, he later recorded in his memoirs, and also the first that ballerinas Anna Pavlova and Galina Ulanova ever saw, and the ballet that introduced the Russian dancer Rudolph Nureyev to European audiences. Diaghilev staged the ballet himself in 1921 in London with the Ballets Russes. Choreographer George Balanchine made his stage debut as a gilded Cupid sitting on a gilded cage, in the last act divertissements. Sleeping Beauty (Russian: Спящая красавица) is one of the classical repertoires famous ballets, with the musical score composed by Tchaikovsky. ... Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (Сергей Павлович Дягилев) (March 19, 1872 – August 19, 1929), often known as Serge, was a Russian ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes from which many famous dancers and choreographers would later arise. ... Anna Pavlova Anna Pavlova (portrait by Jean Thomassen) Anna Pavlova is also the name of an Olympic gymnast. ... Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova (Russian: ; 8 January 1910 (O.S. 26 December 1909} - 21 March 1998) has the reputation of the greatest Soviet ballerina. ... Rudolf Nureyev Rudolf Khametovich Nureyev (Russian spelling Рудольф Хаметович Нуреев, Tatar form Rudolf Xämät ulı Nuriev) (17 March 1938 – 6 January 1993), Russian-born dancer, was regarded by many critics as the greatest male dancer of the 20th century, alongside Vaslav Nijinsky and Mikhail Baryshnikov. ... Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (Сергей Павлович Дягилев) (March 19, 1872 – August 19, 1929), often known as Serge, was a Russian ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes from which many famous dancers and choreographers would later arise. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Houses of Parliament and the clock tower containing Big Ben Part of the London skyline viewed from the South Bank London (see Wiktionary:London for the name in other languages) is the capital of the United Kingdom and England. ... Léon Bakst: Firebird, Ballerina, 1910 The Ballets Russes was a ballet company established in 1909 by the Russian impresario Serge Diaghilev and resident first in Paris and then in Monte Carlo. ... George Balanchine (January 9 (O.S.) = January 22 (N.S.), 1904–April 30, 1983) was one of the 20th centurys foremost choreographers, and one of the founders of American ballet. ...

Mimed and danced versions of the ballet survived in the distinctly British genre of pantomime, with Carabosse, the evil fairy, a famous travesti role. Pantomime may refer to two different types of performing arts. ... Drag in its broadest sense means a costume or outfit that carries symbolic significance, but usually refers to the clothing associated with one gender role when worn by a person of the other gender. ...

Walt Disney's Sleeping Beauty

Walt Disney's Sleeping Beauty

Main article: Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)

The Walt Disney Productions animated feature Sleeping Beauty was released on January 29, 1959 by Buena Vista Distribution, and was at the time of its release the most expensive animated feature ever made. Disney spent nearly a decade working on the film, which was produced in the Super Technirama 70 widescreen 70 mm film process with a stereophonic soundtrack. Its musical score and songs are adapted from Tchaikovsky's ballet, with gothic-inspired character and background designs by painter Eyvind Earle. This tale includes three good fairies - Flora, Fauna, and Merryweather - and one evil fairy, Maleficent. In the Disney version, it is Maleficent herself that appears in the upper tower of the castle and creates the spinning wheel and spindle on which the princess, Aurora, pricks her finger. Image File history File links PrincessAuroraSleeps. ... Image File history File links PrincessAuroraSleeps. ... Sleeping Beauty is the sixteenth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... Walt Disney Productions is the former name of The Walt Disney Company, which it held from 1929 to 1986. ... Animation refers to the technique in which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result. ... Sleeping Beauty is the sixteenth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... January 29 is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Buena Vista production logo, 1950s. ... Super Technirama 70 was the marketing name for films which were photographed in the 35mm 8-perf Technirama process and optically enlarged to 70mm 5-perf prints for exhibition. ... The inner box (green) is the format used in pre-1952 movies and pre-HDTV television. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Surround sound is the concept of expanding the spatial imaging of audio playback from one dimension (mono/Left-Right) to two or three dimensions. ... Strawberry Hill, an English villa in the Gothic revival style, built by seminal Gothic writer Horace Walpole The gothic novel is a literary genre that belongs to Romanticism and began in Britain with The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole. ... Eyvind Earle (April 26, 1916-- July 2000), was an American contemporary artist, author and illustrator. ... Maleficent and her pet raven, Diablo Maleficent is a fictional character, the wicked dark fairy who appears in Walt Disneys 1959 adaptation of Sleeping Beauty. ... Princess Aurora in Walt Disneys Sleeping Beauty Princess Aurora is a fictional character, who appears as the princess in Walt Disneys 1959 adaptation of Sleeping Beauty. ...

The film cost six million US dollars to produce, and only returned a revenue of three million dollars, nearly bankrupting the Disney studio. The film later gained a following, and is today considered one of the best animated features ever made. The vocal talents of Mary Costa (Princess Aurora/ Briar Rose), Eleanor Audley (Maleficent), Verna Felton (Flora), Barbara Jo Allen (Fauna), Barbara Luddy (Merryweather), and Bill Shirley (Prince Phillip) help make this film the success that it has become. Princess Aurora in Walt Disneys Sleeping Beauty Princess Aurora is a fictional character, who appears as the princess in Walt Disneys 1959 adaptation of Sleeping Beauty. ... Born 19 November 1905, in New York, New York. ... Verna Felton (July 20, 1890 – December 14, 1966) is a voice actor, who was best-known for playing most of the female voices in Disney animated films. ...

Sources

Perrault so transformed the tale of a sleeping beauty, "Sole, Luna, e Talia" in Giambattista Basile's collection of tales, Il Pentamerone, that she is scarcely recognizable in the first part of the tale, the only part that is still current. Shared themes of violence, rape, rivalry and cannibalism appear in the second parts. Basile's was an adult tale told by an aristocrat for aristocrats, emphasizing concerns such as marital fidelity and inheritance. Perrault's is an aristocratic tale told for a high-bourgeois audience, inculcating female patience and passivity. There are earlier elements that contributed to the tale, in the medieval courtly romance Perceforest (published in 1528), in which a princess named Zellandine falls into an enchanted sleep and is raped by a wandering prince, resulting in the birth of their child. Earlier influences come from the story of the sleeping Brynhild in the Volsunga saga and the tribulations of saintly female martyrs in early Christian hagiography conventions. Mention should also be made of the later version by the Brothers Grimm, `Thorn Rose`. Giambattista Basile (1566 or 1575–February 23, 1632) was an Italian poet, courtier, and fairy tale collector. ... Cannibalism is the act or practice of eating members of the same species, e. ... The prose romance of Perceforest with lyrical interludes of poetry, in six books, appears to have been composed in French in the Low Countries between 1330 and 1344, forming a late addition to the cycle of narratives with loose connections both to the Arthurian cycle and to the feats of... Events June 19 - Battle of Landriano - A French army in Italy under Marshal St. ... In Norse mythology, Brünnehilde was a shieldmaiden and a Valkyrie. ... The Ramsund carving in Sweden depicts 1) how Sigurd is sitting naked in front of the fire preparing the dragon heart, from Fafnir, for his foster-father Regin, who is Fafnirs brother. ... Hagiography is the study of saints. ... Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm The Brothers Grimm (Gebrüder Grimm) are Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, German professors best known for publishing collections of authentic folk tales and fairy tales. ...

Myth themes

Among familiar themes and elements in Perrault's tale:

• the Wished-for Child

Further information: Saint Anne, and Rapunzel, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]

• the Accursed Gift

Further information: Nessus (mythology), and Deianira, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]

• the Inevitable Fate
• the Spinner

Further information: Moirae, and Norn, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]

• the Heroic Quest
• the Ogre Stepmother
• the Substituted Victim

Further information: Isaac, and Jesus, and Zeus, and Cronos, and Iphigeneia, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]

The Holy Family with Joachim and Anne, drawn by Hans Holbein the Younger Anna, also known as Saint Anne, is known by tradition as the mother of The Virgin Mary. ... Rapunzel is a fairy tale in the collection assembled by the Brothers Grimm, and first published in 1812 as part of Childrens and Household Tales. ... In Greek mythology, Nessus was a famous centaur. ... Guido Reni, Abduction of Deianira, 1620-21, Louvre Museum. ... Destiny or fate refers to the all but inevitable course of events. ... In Greek mythology, the white-robed Moirae or Moerae (Greek Μοίραι — the Apportioners, often called the Fates) were the personifications of destiny (Roman equivalent: Parcae, sparing ones, or Fatae; also equivalent to the Germanic Norns). ... The Norns The Norns of the Norse Mythology are three old crones by the names of Urd (fate), Skuld (necessity) and Verdandi (in the making). ... An angel prevents Abraham from sacrificing Isaac in this illumation from a 14th century Icelandic manuscript. ... Jesus is the current Good Article Collaboration of the week! Please help take it from Good to Featured article status. ... Statue of Zeus Phidias created the 12-m (40-ft) tall statue of Zeus at Olympia about 435 BC. The statue was perhaps the most famous sculpture in ancient Greece, imagined here in a 16th-century engraving. ... Rhea tricking Cronus with a wrapped stone. ... The sacrifice of Iphigenia by the Illioupersis Painter Iphigeneia (gr. ... The theme of weaving in mythology is ancient, and its lost mythic lore probably accompanied the early spread of this mysterious art. ...

Uses of Sleeping Beauty

• One of the fairy gifts is sometimes misremembered as Intelligence. No such gift was however offered in Perrault's version: not appropriate in 1697, when a good ear for playing music appeared more essential. More modern versions of the tale might include, apart from Intelligence, Courage and Independence as fairy gifts. This can be compared with the gifts Moll Flanders apparently possessed, in the book with the same name that appeared precisely a quarter of a century after Perrault's Sleeping Beauty (1722).

• Freudian psychologists, encouraged by Bruno Bettelheim's The Uses of Enchantment, have found rich materials to analyze in Sleeping Beauty as a case history of incest and latent sexuality and a prescription for the passive socializaion of those young women who were not destined for work.

• The Princess's sleeping attendants, waiting to accompany her when she wakes in the other world, even to the spit-boys in the kitchens and her pet dog, expresses one of the most ancient themes in ritual burial practices, though Perrault was probably unaware of the Egyptian burials, and certainly unaware of the royal tombs of Queen Puabi of the Third Dynasty of Ur, the courtiers that accompanied early emperors of China in the tomb, the horses that accompanied the noble riders in the kurgans of Scythian Pasyryk. It is noteworthy that the King and Queen are not included in this analogue of a burial, but retire, while the protective spectral thorn forest immediately grows up to protect the castle and its occupants, as effective as a tumulus.

Further information: Grave goods, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]

• The story of the sleeping beauty was loosely the basis for the erotic novel The Claiming of Sleeping Beauty by Anne Rice.

• It was also adapted by Mercedes Lackey into her Elemental Masters novel The Gates of Sleep.

• Some fans see parallels between Sleeping Beauty and Shigeru Miyamoto's Nintendo Entertainment System game Zelda II: The Adventure of Link.

• Orson Scott Card adapted it as well for his novel, Enchantment.

• Jane Yolen used the tale as the basis for her novel, Briar Rose.

• In 2002 the Dutch-speaking author Toon Tellegen published Brieven aan Doornroosje ("Letters to Sleeping Beauty"), leading, in 2005, to a year-long daily series of such letters, imagined to be written by the prince making his quest to Sleeping Beauty's castle, being presented at the Flemish classical radio station (Klara), every morning just before 7 h opening the day program.

Events September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 – St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher Polhem starts Swedens first technical school. ... The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders is a 1722 novel by Daniel Defoe. ... Events Abraham De Moivre states De Moivres theorem connecting trigonometric functions and complex numbers Publication of the first book of Bachs Well-Tempered Clavier Fall of Persias Safavid dynasty during a bloody revolt of the Afghani people. ... Bruno Bettelheim (August 28, 1903 - March 13, 1990) was a Jewish-American writer and child psychologist. ... Incest is sexual activity between close family members. ... Look up Sex on Wiktionary, the free dictionary A sex is one of two specimen categories of species that recombine their genetic material in order to reproduce, a process called genetic recombination. ... A ritual is a set of actions, performed mainly for their symbolic value, which is prescribed by a religion or by the traditions of a community. ... Queen Pu-abi lived about 2600-2500 BCE. In the royal tombs of the Sumerian Third Dynasty of Ur, in southern Iraq, the most extravagant tomb that archaeologist Leonard Woolley found was that of Queen Pu-Abi. ... Kurgan (кургáн) is the Russian word (of Turkic origin) for tumulus, a type of burial mound or barrow, heaped over a burial chamber, often of wood. ... Scythian warriors, drawn after figures on an electrum cup from the KulOba kurgan burial near Kerch. ... Burial of Oleg of Novgorod in a tumulus in 912. ... In archaeology and anthropology grave goods are the items interred along with the body. ... Claiming of Sleeping Beauty The Claiming of Sleeping Beauty (1983), Beautys Punishment (1984), and Beautys Release (1985), are erotic novels by Anne Rice writing under the pseudonym of A. N. Roquelaure. ... Anne Rice Anne Rice (born October 4, 1941) is a best-selling American author of horror/fantasy books. ... Mercedes Lackey (born June 24, 1950) (also known as Misty Lackey) is a prolific American author of fantasy novels. ... Shigeru Miyamoto with some of his creations, from left to right - Luigi, Wario, Donkey Kong, Mario, and Yoshi stuffed toys Shigeru Miyamoto (Japanese: 宮本茂, Miyamoto Shigeru, born November 16, 1952) is a Japanese electronic game designer. ... The Nintendo Entertainment System, or NES, is an 8-bit video game console released by Nintendo in North America, Brazil, Europe, Asia, and Australia. ... Zelda II: The Adventure of Link is a video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System, and the second in the Legend of Zelda series of games. ... Orson Scott Card (born August 24, 1951) is a prolific and best-selling author working in numerous genres. ... Jane Yolen (born February 11, 1939) is the author and editor of almost 300 fantasy, science fiction, and childrens books. ... For the Cusco album, see 2002 (album). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroep, or VRT, is a publicly-funded broadcaster of radio and television in Flanders (northern part of Belgium). ...

External links

• Giambattista Basile's earlier version
• Perrault's version discussed by Heidi Anne Heiner in "The Annotated Sleeping Beauty"
• Perrault's version discussed by Waller Hastings in "The sleeping beauty in the woods"
• Perrault's version also discussed by Waller Hastings in "Sol, Luna, e Talia"