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The Texas Chain Saw Massacre
The original movie poster
Directed by	Tobe Hooper
Produced by	Tobe Hooper Lou Peraino
Written by	Kim Henkel Tobe Hooper
Starring	Marilyn Burns Gunnar Hansen Edwin Neal Allen Danzinger Paul A. Partain Jim Siedow Teri McMinn
Music by	Wayne Bell Tobe Hooper
Distributed by	Bryanston Distributing Company New Line Cinema (1983 Re-release) Blue Dolphin
Release date(s)	October 1, 1974
Running time	80 min.
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$83,532 (estimated)
Gross revenue	$36,000,000 (US Box Office)
Followed by	The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2
Allmovie profile
IMDb profile

The Texas Chain Saw Massacre is a 1974 American independent horror film written, directed and produced by Tobe Hooper and Kim Henkel. The film is the first in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre film series, and features Marilyn Burns, Gunnar Hansen, Edwin Neal and Paul A. Partain. The plot revolves primarily around a group of friends who embark on a road trip in rural Texas, only to fall victim to a family of cannibals, including the chainsaw-wielding Leatherface. The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a horror film, and a re-imagining of the 1974 film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ... Image File history File links TheTexasChainSawMassacre-poster. ... Tobe Hooper (born Tobias Paul Hooper on January 25, 1943) is an American television and film director best known for his work in the horror film genre, including Lifeforce, Poltergeist, Toolbox Murders and the cult classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Kim Henkel is an American screenwriter, film director, and producer. ... Marilyn Burns (July 5, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Gunnar Hansen (c. ... Edwin Neal (b. ... Allen Danzinger Allen Danzinger (born July 12, 1957), is an actor, known for his only movie role, as Jerry, in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1974). ... Paul A. Partain (b. ... Jim Siedow Jim Siedow (June 12, 1920 - November 20, 2003) was an American actor, best known for his role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ... Teri McMinn (born March 7, 1953) is an American actress, known for her role as Pam in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Wayne Bell was the creator of the WWIV BBS system. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Bryanston is an American distributon company. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... New Line redirects here. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2 (also known as The Texas Chainsaw Massacre Part 2 & TCM 2) is a 1986 big-budget horror sequel to the 1974 horror hit The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ... See also: 1973 in film 1974 1975 in film 1970s in film years in film film // Events February 7 - Blazing Saddles is released in USA May 1 - George Lucas creates the first draft of what would eventually become Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope. ... Horror Movie redirects here. ... Tobe Hooper (born Tobias Paul Hooper on January 25, 1943) is an American television and film director best known for his work in the horror film genre, including Lifeforce, Poltergeist, Toolbox Murders and the cult classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Kim Henkel is an American screenwriter, film director, and producer. ... The Texas Chainsaw Massacre horror films began with The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974) by Tobe Hooper. ... Marilyn Burns (July 5, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Gunnar Hansen (c. ... Edwin Neal (b. ... Paul A. Partain (b. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... Cannibalism is the act or practice of eating members of the same species, e. ... For other uses, see Chainsaw (disambiguation). ... Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ...

The Texas Chain Saw Massacre was strongly criticized at the time of its release for its graphic content by critics,^[1] which led to the film being banned by various countries. The film has since produced three sequels, and a remake, with its own prequel. A critic (derived from the ancient Greek word krites meaning a judge) is a person who offers a value judgement or an interpretation. ... Ban could be: ban, a decree that prohibits something, a form of censorship Ban, a king from Arthurian legend. ... The Texas Chainsaw Massacre horror films began with The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974) by Tobe Hooper. ... The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a horror film, and a re-imagining of the 1974 film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ...

Cast

The main cast of the film consisted of:

• Marilyn Burns - Sally Hardesty
• Allen Danzinger - Jerry
• Paul A. Partain - Franklin Hardesty
• William Vail - Kirk
• Teri McMinn - Pam
• Edwin Neal - The Hitchhiker
• Gunnar Hansen - Leatherface
• John Dugan - Grandpa

Marilyn Burns (July 5, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Allen Danzinger Allen Danzinger (born July 12, 1957), is an actor, known for his only movie role, as Jerry, in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1974). ... Paul A. Partain (b. ... Teri McMinn (born March 7, 1953) is an American actress, known for her role as Pam in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Edwin Neal (b. ... Gunnar Hansen (c. ... Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ... John C. Dugan John C. Dugan is the current and 29th Comptroller of the Currency for the U.S. Department of the Treasury. ... Grandpa Sawyer is a fictional character from the 1974 horror film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ...

Plot

Group outside the house. From left to right Pam (Teri McMinn), Kirk (William Vail), Franklin (Paul A. Partain) and Sally (Marilyn Burns) Jerry (Allen Danziger) inset.

A group of five close friends are heading through the back roads of Texas en route to their grandfather's potentially vandalized grave. Among them are Sally Hardesty (Marilyn Burns), and her wheelchair-bound brother Franklin (Paul A. Partain). Image File history File links Groupshot. ... Image File history File links Groupshot. ... Teri McMinn (born March 7, 1953) is an American actress, known for her role as Pam in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Paul A. Partain (b. ... Marilyn Burns (July 5, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Marilyn Burns (July 5, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... Paul A. Partain (b. ...

They encounter an unpleasant hitchhiker (Edwin Neal) who slashes both himself and Franklin with a straight razor. The others manage to eject the hitchhiker from the vehicle, but shortly afterwards, they are forced to stop and wander over to a small, sinister clapboard house nearby in hopes for gas. Edwin Neal (b. ...

What none of them realize is that this house is the home of the ghoulish Leatherface (Gunnar Hansen) and his evil, demented family of cannibalistic psychopaths. One at a time, the teens are murdered by the evil Leatherface in horrifying ways. Sally soon finds herself an involuntary guest at Leatherface's home where the family torments her for the rest of the night, forcing her to sit at their table while they eat a meal that is obviously made up of human flesh. They bring Grandpa down from upstairs, the patriarch of the family, and slice Sally's finger open, sticking it in the aged man's mouth while he sucks her blood. They tell Sally that "Grandpa" used to work in the slaughterhouse and was the best with a sledgehammer there was. They decide to let Grandpa kill Sally and untie her, forcing her onto her knees and holding her head over a bucket while Grandpa makes several feeble attempts to hit her head with a hammer. The hitchhiker gets frustrated and makes a grab for the hammer to finish her off, and suddenly Sally breaks free. She hurls herself out a window again and lands outside just as dawn begins to break. Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ... Gunnar Hansen (c. ... Grandpa Sawyer is a fictional character from the 1974 horror film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ...

The hitchhiker and Leatherface emerge from the house and chase Sally up to the road, the hitchhiker brandishing a knife and Leatherface waving the chainsaw. The hitchhiker very nearly catches her, grabbing for her and catching her hair over and over. A large semi drives by and the hitchhiker is caught off guard; the truck drives over him, killing him. The truck driver slows down and gets out of the rig to see what happened, only to be confronted by a screaming, bloodied Sally with Leatherface close behind, the chainsaw buzzing. He chases Sally and the truck driver to the other side of the cab, when the driver hurls a wrench at him and hits him in the side of the head. Leatherface drops the saw and falls, wounded in the leg by the saw blade. The truck driver flees down the road, but the wounded Sally cannot catch up. Then a pickup truck drives by and Sally abandons the scene by jumping in the back of the truck. Leatherface still gives chase, but the pickup driver pulls away. Sally laughs insanely at Leatherface as she escapes, giggling at him as he swings his chainsaw around in frustration and rage in the middle of the road in the full light of dawn.

Production

Creation

(From left to right) Lou Perry, Tobe Hooper and Daniel Pearl setting up a shot using a Eclair NPR 16mm

Hooper has said that the idea for featuring a chainsaw in a horror film came to him while in the hardware section of a crowded store, as he imagined a way to get out quickly through the crowd. ^[2] The concept for the film arose in the early 1970s while he was a college professor and documentary cameraman in his native Austin, Texas. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt, in one fashion or another, to document reality. ... A cinematographer (from cinema photographer) is one photographing with a motion picture camera. ... Austin is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ...

The Texas Chain Saw Massacre was loosely based on the murders committed by 1950s serial killer Ed Gein, who served as the inspiration for two other horror films, Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho (1960) and Jonathan Demme's The Silence of the Lambs (1991). ^{[2] [3] [4]} Serial killers are individuals who have a history of multiple slayings of victims who were usually unknown to them beforehand. ... Gein redirects here. ... Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock KBE (August 13, 1899 â€“ April 29, 1980) was an iconic and highly influential British-born film director and producer who pioneered many techniques in the suspense and thriller genres. ... Psycho is a 1960 suspense/horror film directed by auteur Alfred Hitchcock from the screenplay by Joseph Stefano about a psychotic killer. ... Jonathan Demme (born February 22, 1944, in Baldwin, New York) is an American film director, producer and writer. ... The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 film directed by Jonathan Demme and starring Jodie Foster and Anthony Hopkins. ...

Special effects were simple and limited by the budget. The blood shown was often real, as the cast members were accidentally harmed during filming. For example, Marilyn Burns index finger was actually cut with a razor because there were difficulties getting the fake blood to come out of the tube behind the blade. Burns' costume was so drenched in fake blood that it was virtually solid on the last day of the shoot.^[5] The film was distributed and produced through Bryanston Distributing Company. Bryanston is an American distributon company. ...

Financing

Tobe Hooper and Kim Henkle for a corporation called Vortex, Inc. with Kim as president and Tobe as vice president. They approach Bill Parsley for funding for "this simple little ol' horror movie". Bill forms a company called MAB Inc. and puts up $60,000. In return, MAB will own ½ of TCM and ½ the profits. Ron Bozman talks most of the cast and crew to differ parts of their salaries until after the movie was sold. Vortex makes the idea more attractive by awarding nearly everyone with a share of Vortex's potential profits ranging from .25% to 6% (called 'points'). But because of a miscommunication between Vortex and the others, they are not told that Vortex only owns 50% of the film, which makes everyone's 'points' cut in ½.

Midway through the editing process, Kim and Tobe run out of money for the project. P.I.T.S. comes through for them with $23,532 in exchange for 19% of Vortex's (50% share) profits. This leaves Kim and Tobe with 45% of Vortex between them and the remaining 36% divided up between 20 cast and crew members.

Warren Skaaren makes a deal as an equal partner with Tobe and Kim, along with a 15% share of Vortex. Skaaren is paid a deferred salary of $5,000 and a "monitoring fee" of 3% of the gross profits (MAB and Vortex combined) off the top. David Foster arranges a private screening for some of Bryanston's West Coast executives and receives 1.5% of Vortex's profits and a deferred fee of $500.

On August 28, 1974, Ron Bozman & Warren Skaaren is offered a contract of $225,000 and 35% of the profits from the worldwide distribution of TCM by Louis (Butchi) Periano of Bryanston Distributors. Years later, Bozman is quoted in saying, "We made a deal with the devil, [sigh], and I guess that, in a way, we got what we deserved."

The contract with Bryanston, Inc. is signed and the first check arrives. After the investors had recouped their money off the top including interest, after Skaaren's salary and monitoring fee and after the lawyers and accountants had been paid, only $8,100 remained to be split up among the 20 filmmakers.

The above information was posted courtesy of Tim Harden, president of the official Texas Chainsaw Massacre Fan Club.

Casting

Many of the cast members had little or no acting credits whatsoever prior to being cast. They consisted of actors native to or living in Texas who had previous roles in commercials, television shows and stage, as well as acquaintances of Hooper. Involvement in the film propelled many cast members into the motion picture industry. The lead role of Sally went to the then-unknown Marilyn Burns. Burns previously had appeared on stage, and while attending the University of Texas at Austin, she joined its film commission board. For the role of Leatherface, Icelandic-American actor Gunnar Hansen was cast. In preparation for his role, Hansen decided that Leatherface was mentally retarded and never learned to talk properly, so he went to a school for the mentally challenged and watched how they moved and listened to them talk to get a feel for the character.^[2] From the earliest days of the medium, television has been used as a vehicle for advertising in some countries. ... Marilyn Burns (July 5, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... The University of Texas System comprises fifteen educational institutions in Texas, of which nine are general academic universities, and six are health institutions. ... Gunnar Hansen (c. ...

Release

Upon the completion of post-production, Bryanston Distributing Company found it difficult to secure a distributor willing to market the film because of its graphic content.

The Texas Chain Saw Massacre premiered on October 1, 1974 in Austin, Texas, almost a year after it was actually filmed. Nationally, it was shown as a Saturday afternoon matinée film and attracted an audience consisting of pre-teens and adolescents, but found success with a broader audience after it was falsely marketed as being a "true story".^[6] is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... Austin is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... Preteen is a term used to describe children who are in middle childhood — generally from the ages of 10 to 13. ... The Adolescents were a punk band in the 1980s. ...

Box office

The film grossed an estimated $30 million in the United States, making it one of the most successful independent films, until being overtaken by John Carpenter's Halloween (1978). It was translated into more than 25 languages and released across Europe, Canada and, because of controversy, not until 1982 in Australia.^[7] For other persons named John Carpenter, see John Carpenter (disambiguation). ... Halloween (film) redirects here. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

Reception

The film earned a major reaction in later weeks by word of mouth. TV Guide called it "An intelligent, absorbing, and deeply disturbing horror film that is nearly bloodless in its depiction of violence" and Empire Magazine called it "The most purely horrifying horror movie ever made".^[8] Mike Emery of the Austin Chronicle called it "Horrifying, yet engrossing ... But the worst part about this vision is that despite its sensational aspects, it never seems too far from what could be the truth." and Chicago Reader said "the picture gets to you more through its intensity than its craft, but Hooper does have a talent."^[8] Several reviewers disliked the film's gory special effects. Critic Roger Ebert of The Chicago Sun-Times believed that it was well-acted, well-directed and effective; but claimed it became too gratuitously violent and seemed "weird" in parts ^[1] Steve Crum of Dispatch-Tribune Newspapers criticises it as "Cultish trash that set new low standards for brutality".^[9] For other uses, see Word of mouth (disambiguation). ... TV Guide is the name of two North American weekly magazines about television programming, one in the United States and one in Canada. ... Empire is a British film magazine published monthly by Emap Consumer Media since July 1989. ... The Austin Chronicle is an alternative weekly newspaper published every Thursday in Austin, Texas, United States. ... The Chicago Reader is an alternative newsweekly in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded in 1971[2] by a group of friends who attended Carleton College. ... Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American film critic. ... The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily newspaper published in Chicago. ...

More recently however, critics have called it one of the scariest movies ever made.^[10] Rob Gonsalves of eFilmCritic.com refers to the film as "a masterpiece", and hails it as "The Great American Horror Movie" ^[11]. Noted reviewer Rex Reed called it "The most terrifying motion picture I have ever seen." Horror novelist Stephen King considers it "Cataclysmic terror", and states "I would happily testify to its redeeming social merit in any court in the country."^[11] Horror fiction is, broadly, fiction intended to scare, unsettle or horrify the reader. ... For other persons named Stephen King, see Stephen King (disambiguation). ...

Overall critical opinion of the film is highly favorable, with a rating of 89% on the aggregate movie review website RottenTomatoes.com (a relatively high score, especially for a horror film), and a respectable 7.4/10 at IMDb.com.

Controversy

Hooper reportedly hoped the complete uncut print of the film would be given a PG rating by the MPAA. It wasn't. The film was released uncensored by the MPAA film rating system and with an R rating.^[12] The Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) is a non-profit trade association formed to advance the interests of movie studios. ... The MPAA film rating system is a system used in the United States and territories and instituted by the Motion Picture Association of America to rate a movie based on its content. ...

The movie was also banned or delayed in many countries, and where it was released, it was frequently edited. It was not released in Australia until the early 1980s, but it was never banned there. It was banned in the United Kingdom largely on the authority of then-BBFC secretary James Ferman,^[13] but saw a limited cinema release thanks to various city councils. Censors attempted to cut it for the purposes of a wider release in 1977 but were unsuccessful. The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is the organisation responsible for film classification (see Motion picture rating systems and History of British Film Certificates) within the United Kingdom. ... James Ferman (April 11, 1930–December 24, 2002) was an American television and theatre director. ...

It was released on videotape and CED disc in the 1980s by Wizard Video and Vestron Video, but was again banned in the United Kingdom in 1984, during the moral panic surrounding video nasties. In 1999, after the retirement of Ferman, the BBFC passed the movie uncut on cinema and video, with the 18 certificate, almost 25 years after its original release.^[14] Moral panic is a sociological term, coined by Stanley Cohen, meaning a reaction by a group of people based on the false or exaggerated perception that some cultural behavior or group, frequently a minority group or a subculture, is dangerously deviant and poses a menace to society. ... Video nasty was a term coined in the United Kingdom in the 1980s that originally applied to a number of films distributed on video cassette that were criticised for their violent content by elements in the press and commentators such as Mary Whitehouse. ...

Sequels

Main article: The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (film series)

The film was first followed in 1986 by The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2, once again directed by Tobe Hooper. Unlike the first film however, the sequel was much more graphic and violent than the original and was banned in Australia for 20 years, but finally released on DVD in a revised edition during 2006.^[15] The film also had a greater budget than the original, and much more special effects were used. The sequel was less well-received by the critics, as they felt it had moved away from the terror of the original for the sake of dark humour.^[16] The Texas Chainsaw Massacre horror films began with The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974) by Tobe Hooper. ... // April 12 - Actor Morgan Mason marries The Go-Gos Belinda Carlisle Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger marries television journalist Maria Shriver. ... The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2 (also known as The Texas Chainsaw Massacre Part 2 & TCM 2) is a 1986 big-budget horror sequel to the 1974 horror hit The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ... Tobe Hooper (born Tobias Paul Hooper on January 25, 1943) is an American television and film director best known for his work in the horror film genre, including Lifeforce, Poltergeist, Toolbox Murders and the cult classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). ... DVD (also known as Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc - see Etymology) is a popular optical disc storage media format. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The film spawned two more sequels. Leatherface: The Texas Chainsaw Massacre III (1990) was the second sequel. The film had a budget of $2 million, and was directed by Jeff Burr. R. A. Mihailoff starred as the infamous Leatherface in this sequel. Tobe Hooper did not return for the film, and the film was critically panned, with a 23% rating on the review site Rotten Tomatoes, and only 3 out of 13 reviews were positive.^[17] Chris Parcellin of Film Threat said "it's really just another generic slasher flick with nothing beyond the Leatherface connection to recommend it to discerning fans."^[18] The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... Jeff Burr is an American film director. ... Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

The third sequel, The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation was released in 1995, starring Renée Zellweger and Matthew McConaughey. The film was a semi-remake of the original, although it was originally intended to be a complete redo of the first film. This film was the worst rated out of the three sequels, with Rotten Tomatoes giving it a rating of 16% on the Tomatometer, and only 4 out of the 15 reviews were positive.^[19] Maitland McDonagh of TV Guide's Movie Guide said that the movie was "Tired and dated."^[20] Renée Kathleen Zellweger (born April 25, 1969) is an Academy Award-, BAFTA-, SAG Award-, and Golden Globe-winning American actress, singer, dancer, and performer who has established herself as one of the highest-paid female Hollywood actors in recent years. ... Matthew David McConaughey (pronounced [1]; born November 4, 1969) is an American actor. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

A remake, entitled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre was released in 2003. The film starred Jessica Biel, Eric Balfour, Andrew Bryniarski as Leatherface, and R. Lee Ermey as Sheriff Hoyt. The film was better critically received than most of the sequels, although it only managed to achieve a 35% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with 52 reviews out of 150 being positive.^[21] Notable critic Roger Ebert called it "A contemptible film: Vile, ugly and brutal."^[22] The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a horror film, and a re-imagining of the 1974 film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. ... Jessica Claire Biel (born March 3, 1982) is an American actress and former fashion model best known for appearing in several Hollywood films such as Summer Catch, the remake of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre, and The Illusionist, as well as for her early television role of Mary Camden in the... Eric Salter Balfour (born April 24, 1977) is an American actor. ... Andrew Bryniarski (born February 13, 1969) is an American actor and a former bodybuilder. ... Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ... Ronald Lee Ermey (born March 24, 1944) is a former U.S. Marine Corps drill instructor and later Golden Globe-nominated actor, often playing the roles of authority figures, such as Gunnery Sergeant Hartman in Full Metal Jacket, Mayor Tilman in the Alan Parker film Mississippi Burning and Sheriff Hoyt... Sheriff Hoyt was a character from the 2003 remake of the 1974 classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre and its prequel The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American film critic. ...

A prequel to the remake, The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning was released in 2006. The film was directed by Jonathan Liebesman, produced by Michael Bay and Mike Fleiss. It had a starring cast of Jordana Brewster, Taylor Handley, with R. Lee Ermey and Andrew Bryniarski reprising their roles as Sheriff Hoyt and Leatherface respectively. The film was panned by most critics, with a 14% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes.^[23] Mark Palermo stated "The focus in (The) Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning isn't on the confrontation of demons, moral reckoning, or terror. It's an unimaginative exercise in suffering".^[24] Jonathan Liebesman (born September 15, 1976) is a film director who has worked primarily in the horror film genre. ... Michael Benjamin Bay (born February 17, 1965) is an American film director and producer. ... Creator, Producer and Writer of The WBs Superstar USA, The Bachelorette, and High School Reunion IMBD Entry for Mike Fleiss [1] ... Jordana Brewster (born April 26, 1980) is an American actress, best known for her roles in The Fast and the Furious, Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning and The Faculty. ... Taylor Laurence Handley (born June 1, 1984 in Santa Barbara, California) is an American actor. ... Ronald Lee Ermey (born March 24, 1944) is a former U.S. Marine Corps drill instructor and later Golden Globe-nominated actor, often playing the roles of authority figures, such as Gunnery Sergeant Hartman in Full Metal Jacket, Mayor Tilman in the Alan Parker film Mississippi Burning and Sheriff Hoyt... Andrew Bryniarski (born February 13, 1969) is an American actor and a former bodybuilder. ... Sheriff Hoyt was a character from the 2003 remake of the 1974 classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre and its prequel The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning. ... Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Adaptations

Main articles: The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (video game) and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (comics)

The cover to Leatherface #1, the first in a series of comics based on the film series

Shortly after The Texas Chain Saw Massacre established itself as a success on home video in 1982, a mass market video game adaptation was released for the Atari 2600 by Wizard Video.^[25] In the game, the player takes on the role of the movie's chainsaw-wielding villain Leatherface and attempts to murder trespassers while avoiding obstacles such as fences and cow skulls.^[26] As one of the first horror-themed video games, Texas Chainsaw Massacre caused a great deal of controversy when it was released, and sold poorly due to many game stores refusing to carry it.^[25] Wizard Video's other commercial release, Halloween, had a similar reception, and the limited number of copies sold have made them both highly valued items amongst Atari collectors. Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a video game, based on the film of the same name, released in 1982 by Wizard Video[1] for the Atari 2600. ... The popularity of the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre film series and its main character, Leatherface led to several comic books based on the franchise. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Comics (or, less commonly, sequential art) is a form of visual art consisting of images which are commonly combined with text, often in the form of speech balloons or image captions. ... Computer and video games redirects here. ... The Atari 2600, released in October 1977, is the video game console credited with popularizing the use of microprocessor based hardware and cartridges containing game code, instead of having non-microprocessor dedicated hardware with all games built in. ... Leatherface is a fictional character in the The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies. ... Halloween is a video game for the Atari 2600, released in October of 1983. ... This article is about the corporate brand. ...

In addition, several comic books based on the franchise were made in 1991 by Northstar Comics entitled Leatherface. They were licenced the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise to Avatar Press for use in new comic book stories, the first of which was published in 2005. In 2006, Avatar Press lost the license to DC Comics imprint, Wildstorm, who have since begun publishing new stories based on the franchise. The series of comics feature none of the main characters seen in the original film (exempting Topps Comics Jason vs. Leatherface series) with the exception of Leatherface, however the 1991 "Leatherface" miniseries was loosely based on the third Texas Chainsaw Massacre film. Said writer Mort Castle, "The series was very loosely based on Texas Chainsaw Massacre III. I worked from the original script by David Schow and the heavily edited theatrical release of director Jeff Burr, but had more or less free rein to write the story the way it should have been told. The first issue sold 30,000 copies."^[27] Kirk Jarvinen drew the first issue, and Guy Burwell finished the rest of the series. The comics, not having the same restrictions from the MPAA, had much more gore than the finished film. The ending, as well as the fates of several characters, was also altered. An adaptation of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre was planned by Northstar Comics, but never pulled through.^[28] The Avatar Press company logo. ... The Avatar Press company logo. ... WildStorm Productions, or simply WildStorm or Wildstorm, is a publishing imprint and studio of American comic book publisher DC Comics. ... Topps Comics was a division of the American trading card publisher and gum/candy distributor the Topps Company, Inc. ... Mort Castle (1946 - ) Horror author and writing teacher, Mort Castle, has more than 350 short stories and a dozen books to his credit, including Cursed Be the Child (Leisure Books, 1994) and The Strangers. ... David J. Schow (born 1955) is an American fiction writer. ...

References

Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American film critic. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 151st day of the year (152nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the in-memory database management system, see In-memory database. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 156th day of the year (157th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... British Board of Film Classification logo The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), originally British Board of Film Censors, is the organisation responsible for film and some video game classification and censorship within the United Kingdom. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... More than one country has an organization called the Office of Film and Literature Classification. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 237th day of the year (238th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American film critic. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

• Jaworzyn, Stephen (2003). The Texas Chain Saw Massacre Companion. Titan Books. ISBN 1-84023-660-4. 
• Hand, Stephen (2004). The Texas Chainsaw Massacre. Games Workshop. ISBN 1-84416-060-2. 
• Phillips, Kendall R. (2005). Projected Fears: Horror Films and American Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0275983536. 
• Muir, John Kenneth (2002). Horror Films of the 1970s. McFarland, 332. ISBN 0786412496. 
• Muir, John Kenneth (2002). Eaten Alive at a Chainsaw Massacre: The Films of Tobe Hooper. McFarland. ISBN 0786412828. 
• Friedman, Lester D. (2007). American Cinema of the 1970s: Themes and Variations. Rutgers University Press, 133. ISBN 0813540232. 

Titan Books is a UK publisher of graphic novels. ... Rutgers University Press is a nonprofit academic publishing house, operating in Piscataway, New Jersey under the auspices of Rutgers University. ...

External links

• The Texas Chain Saw Massacre at the Internet Movie Database
• The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: A Visit to the Film Locations
• The Junction House - The restaurant now operating in the original house from the film

v • d • e American films of the 1970s 1970 •1971 •1972 •1973 •1974 •1975 •1976 •1977 •1978 •1979

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Gein Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...