Spain

The Spanish-Portuguese empire in the period of personal union under the Habsburgs (1581-1640)
Red/Pink - Spanish Empire
Blue/Light Blue - Portuguese Empire

The phrase "The Empire on which the sun never sets" (Spanish: El imperio en el que nunca se pone el sol) was first used to describe the Spanish Empire in the 16th century, and originates with a remark of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (Charles I of Spain), who declared "in my realm the sun never sets."^{[citation needed]} Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 370 pixelsFull resolution (1357 × 628 pixel, file size: 38 KB, MIME type: image/png) A map of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires in the period of their personal union (1581-1640). ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 370 pixelsFull resolution (1357 × 628 pixel, file size: 38 KB, MIME type: image/png) A map of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires in the period of their personal union (1581-1640). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... An anachronous map of the overseas Spanish Empire (1492-1898) in red, and the Spanish Habsburg realms in Europe (1516-1714) in orange. ... For the Carlist claimant King Carlos V, see Infante Carlos, Count of Molina. ...

When Charles was king, Spain had an enormous empire which included the Kingdom of Castile and León (with all its American possessions - all of the Americas, except Brazil, Canada and the northern part of the United States), the Kingdom of Aragon (with all its mediterranean possessions - including Sicily, the Balearic islands, Sardinia and the kingdom of Naples), the Netherlands and others. Coat of arms Kingdom of Castile in the 15th century. ... Coat of arms Kingdom of León, 1030 Capital León Language(s) Mainly Latin and Astur-Leonese. ... Hispanic America (Hispanoamérica in Spanish) refers to those parts of the Americas inhabited by Spanish-speaking peoples. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... Capital Zaragoza Area  – Total  – % of Spain Ranked 4th  47 719 km²  9,4% Population  – Total (2003)  – % of Spain  – Density Ranked 11th  1 217 514  2,9%  25,51/km² Demonym  – English  – Spanish  Aragonese  aragonés Statute of Autonomy August 16, 1982 ISO 3166... Coat of arms of Aragon, 15th century The Crown of Aragon is a term used to refer to the permanent union of multiple titles and states in the hands of the King of Aragon. ... Sicily ( in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,708 km² (9,926 sq. ... Capital Palma de Mallorca Official language(s) Spanish and Catalan Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 17th  4,992 km²  1. ... For the place in the United States, see Sardinia, Ohio. ... Location of the city of Naples (red dot) within Italy. ...

But the empire would become even greater with King Philip II of Spain, the son of Charles I and Isabella of Portugal. When King Henry of Portugal died, Philip II was recognised as King of Portugal in 1581, in a personal union of the crowns. He now owned all his father's possessions (except the Holy Roman Empire) and all the Portuguese Empire (Brazil, Ceylon, Portuguese India, Portuguese Africa, Timor, Macau, Madeira and Azores, amongst others). The Philippines were also obtained. This great joint Portuguese and Spanish empire was maintained only until 1640, while Philip IV was king, when Portugal again reverted to a Portuguese royal dynasty, the House of Braganza. Philip II (Spanish: ; Portuguese: ) (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598) was King of Spain from 1556 until 1598, King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until 1598, king consort of England (as husband of Mary I) from 1554 to 1558, Lord of the Seventeen Provinces (holding various titles for the... Image:Isabel of Portugal (Karl V.).jpg Isabel of Portugal, Queen of Spain and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire, by Titian. ... Henry, the cardinal-king or Henrique (in Portuguese) the Chaste (Port. ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Dynastic union be merged into this article or section. ... This article is about the medieval empire. ... An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... Portuguese India evolution Capital Cochin (1510-1530); Nova Goa Language(s) Portuguese Political structure Ultramarine Province King President  - 1511-1521 Manuel I  - 1958-1961 Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás Viceroy  - 1505-1509 Francisco de Almeida (first)  - 1827-1835 Manuel de Portugal e Castro (last) Governor-general  - 1509-1515... PALOP means African Countries of Portuguese Official Language (Portuguese for: Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa). ... Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago, divided between the independent state of East Timor, and West Timor, part of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara with the surface of 11,883 sq mi (30,777 km²). The name is a variant of timur... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Motto (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,333 km² (n/a) 911 sq mi... Philip IV (), (April 8, 1605 – September 17, 1665) was King of Spain from 1621 to 1665 and also King of Portugal until 1640. ... This is a list of Portuguese monarchs dating from the independence of Portugal from the kingdom of León in 1128 under Afonso Henriques, who proclaimed himself King in 1139, to the proclamation of the Portuguese Republic on October 5, 1910, during the reign of Manuel II, the Patriot, or... The Royal House of Braganza (Portuguese: Casa Real de Bragança, pron. ...

Britain

An anachronous map of British (and prior to the existence of the UK, English) imperial possessions

In the 19th century it became popular to apply the phrase to the British Empire, especially during the Victorian era, when British world maps coloured the Empire in red or pink, vividly highlighting British imperial power spanning the globe. The 19th-century politician Lord Salisbury complained that the £1.5 million spent on colonial defence by Britain in 1861 merely enabled the nation "to furnish an agreeable variety of stations to our soldiers, and to indulge in the sentiment that the sun never sets on our Empire." A Sri Lankan news source credits Colvin R. de Silva with coining the famous response: "That's because God does not trust the British in the dark."^[1] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1357x628, 41 KB) An anachronous map of the British Empire (showing its many forms of control). ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1357x628, 41 KB) An anachronous map of the British Empire (showing its many forms of control). ... The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ... Queen Victoria (shown here on the morning of her ascension to the Throne, 20 June 1837) gave her name to the historic era The Victorian era of the United Kingdom marked the height of the British Industrial Revolution and the apex of the British Empire. ... Physical world map (2004) with country borders and capitals A world map is a map of the surface of the Earth, which may be made using any of a number of different map projections. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 – 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... Dr. Colvin R. de Silva (-1987) was a Trotskyist leader and lawyer in Sri Lanka. ...

Although the phrase has fallen out of British political usage, it remains true today that the sun still does not set on the British overseas territories or the Commonwealth Realms of which Elizabeth II is head of state, or for that matter on the French overseas departments and territories. Location of the British Overseas Territories The British Overseas Territories are fourteen[1] territories which the United Kingdom considers to be under its sovereignty, but not as part of the United Kingdom itself. ... A Commonwealth Realm is any one of the 16 sovereign states that recognize Queen Elizabeth II as their Queen and head of state. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... For the comedy film of the same name, see Head of State (film). ... The French Overseas Departments and Territories (often abbreviated DOM-TOM for départements doutre-mer, territoires doutre-mer) consist broadly of French-administered territories outside of Europe. ...

United States of America

From the mid-19th century, the phrase can be found applied to Anglophone culture, explicitly including America as well as Britain, for example in a speech by Alexander Campbell in 1852.^[2] It subsequently was applied specifically to the American sphere of influence; an early example is an article of 1897 which "boasted" that "the sun never sets on Uncle Sam"^[3]. One recent textbook expanded: "Today ... the sun never sets on American territory, properties owned by the U.S. government and its citizens, American armed forces abroad, or countries that conduct their affairs within limits largely defined by American power."^[4] Although the United States does not have any possessions further west than Guam or east than Puerto Rico, it currently has military presence in Iraq, Afghanistan, Germany, Japan and South Korea. The phrase is sometimes used critically with the implication of perceived American imperialism, as in the title of Joseph Gerson's book, The Sun Never Sets: Confronting the Network of Foreign U.S. Military Bases. But it can also be intended positively, for example in acknowledging the world-wide scope of American commercial power.^[5] Look up Anglophone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For the astrodynamics term, see sphere of influence (astrodynamics). ... This article is about the national personification of the USA. For other uses, see Uncle Sam (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see American Empire (disambiguation). ...

See also

• Empire
• Global empire
• Colonialism
• List of largest empires
• List of extinct states
• Trade bloc
• European colonization of the Americas
• Imperialism
• Protectorate

This article is about the political and historical term. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... This is a list of the largest empires in world history. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... A trade bloc is a large free trade area or free trade area formed by one or more tax, tariff and trade agreements. ... Territories in the Americas colonized or claimed by a European great power in 1750. ... Cecil Rhodes: Cape-Cairo railway project. ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ...

Notes

1. ^ Peter`s denial: Tiger by the tale. Sri Lanka News. Sunday, 13 March 2005. The quip has also been ascribed to Princeton professor Duncan Spaeth and others.
2. ^ "To Britain and America God has granted the possession of the new world; and because the sun never sets upon our religion, our language and our arts..."Speeches of Alexander Campbell.
3. ^ Cited by Kaitlyn Kaiser
4. ^ The Reader's Companion to American History
5. ^ E.g. Time Magazine referring to Ginn & Co. publishing, or an internet reference to Dow Chemicals.