The Theater War (Swedish: Teaterkriget, Norwegian: Tyttebærkrigen) was a brief war between Denmark-Norway and Sweden lasting between 1788 and 1789.^[1] There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Swedish War of Liberation (1521-1523) was a civil war in which the Swedish nobleman Gustav Vasa successfully deposed the Danish king Kristian II, as regent of the Kalmar Union in Sweden. ... Frederick II of Denmark attacking Älvsborg, 1563 The Northern Seven Years War (also known as the Nordic Seven Years War, the First Northern War or the Seven Years War in Scandinavia) was the war between Sweden and a coalition of Denmark-Norway, Lubeck and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, fought between 1563... Kalmar War The Kalmar War lasted from 1611 to 1613. ... The Hannibal war, Hannibal controversy or Torstenson War was a short period of conflict between Sweden and Denmark/Norway which occurred in 1643 to 1645 during the waning days of the Thirty Years’ War. ... King Charles X of Sweden The Northern Wars (1655-1661) is a name sometimes used for the series of conflicts between Sweden and its adversaries Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (The Deluge, 1655-1660), Russia (1656-1661), Brandenburg-Prussia (1657-1660), the Holy Roman Empire (1657-60) and Denmark (1657-1658, 1658... Scanian War (Danish: SkÃ¥nske Krig Swedish: SkÃ¥nska kriget) was the Nordic part of the Franco-Dutch War (1672-1678). ... It has been suggested that Charles XII invasion of Russia be merged into this article or section. ... Combatants Allies: Austrian Empire[1] Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Prussia[1] Russian Empire[2] Kingdom of Spain[3] Kingdom of Sweden United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland[4] French Empire - Kingdom of Holland - Kingdom of Italy - Kingdom of Naples - Duchy of Warsaw - Kingdom of Bavaria[5] - Kingdom of... The Kingdom of Denmark-Norway, consisting of Denmark and Norway, including Norways possessions Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands, is a term used for the two united kingdoms after their amalgamation as one state in 1536. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

Background

When Gustav III of Sweden on his own initiative, and unconstitutionally, attacked Russia in 1788 and thereby started the Russo-Swedish War of 1788-1790 Denmark found itself in an awkward position. In a treaty signed with Russia in 1773 Denmark committed itself to assist with 12,000 men, six ships of the line and three frigates in the case Russia were to be attacked. Soon after the Swedish attack the Russians demand the Danes to keep their promise, and Denmark was forced to join the war. When Gustav III received news of this, he exclaimed "I am saved!". Gustav III (13 January (O.S.) or (24 January (N.S.) 1746 – March 29, 1792) was King of Sweden from 1771 until his death. ... Constitutionality is the status of a law, procedure, or act being in accordance with the laws or guidelines contained in a constitution. ... The Russo-Swedish War, known as Gustav IIIs Russian War in Sweden and as Catherine IIs Swedish War in Russia, was fought between Sweden and Russia from June 1788 to August 1790. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Ships of the line were 1st, 2nd, or 3rd-rated ships in the rating system of the Royal Navy. ... For the bird, see Frigatebird. ...

Considering that the attack on Russia was Gustav's own initiative, that many Swedish officers and the king's opponents were strongly against the war (see Anjala conspiracy), and that the war was not being fought very successfully, this exclamation might seem strange. However, Gustav III the astute politician saw this as a golden opportunity to turn the Swedish opinion in his favour. He left the battlefront in Finland and proceeded to Stockholm and then Dalecarlia where he managed to incite several free corps to participate in the defense against the Danes and Norwegians. Despite strong popular support, Sweden had only 10,000 men that had to be divided between Skåne, Jämtland and Bohuslän. The Anjala conspiracy of 1788 was a scheme by disgruntled Swedish officers to end Gustav IIIs Russian War of 1788–90. ... Dalecarlia, or Dalarna, is a historical Province or landskap in the west of middle Sweden. ... ... The Flag of SkÃ¥ne (also known as Scania in English) is the southernmost historical province (landskap) and County (Län) of Sweden. ... (help· info), is a historical province or landskap in the center of Sweden. ... , (Latin: Bahusia; Norwegian: BÃ¥huslen) is a province (landskap) in West Sweden (Västsverige). ...

The Danish-Norwegian attack

The first Danish force of about 8,000-10,000 men (according to some sources mostly Norwegians) under the command of prince Karl of Hessen attacked Bohuslän from Norway on September 24 and advanced quickly toward Vänersborg meeting feeble Swedish resistance. Colonel Johan Werner Tranefelt must ensconce himself in Kvistrum north of Uddevalla with his 700 men but was defeated on September 29 by a much larger Danish force led by major-general Mansbach. In a week the Danes took Uddevalla, Vänersborg, and Åmål and on October 6 they demanded the surrender of Göteborg. September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Vänersborg Vänersborg is a Municipality in Västra Götaland County, in western Sweden. ... Uddevalla is a city in Bohus County in western Sweden. ... September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Major General or Major-General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Ã…mÃ¥l is a Municipality in Västra Götaland County, in western Sweden. ... October 6 is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years). ... To surrender is when soldiers give up fighting and become prisoners of war, either as individuals or when ordered to by their officers. ... Gothenburg (Swedish: Göteborg  listen? ) is a city and a municipality on the western coast of Sweden, in the County of Västra Götaland. ...

The defense of Göteborg

By this time, Gustav III himself had arrived in the city and took resolute action; he dismissed the passive lieutenant-general Anders Rudolf Du Rietcz and replaced him with lieutenant-general Johan Sparre. The defenses of Göteborg were quickly strengthened. In addition, the British swedophile envoy Sir Huges Elliot arrived in Göteborg and brokered a short armistice with the Danish commander on October 9. Delaying and stalling tactics prolonged the armistice in stages to May, 1789. Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Envoy may refer to: a diplomat Envoy (WordPerfect), a document reader and document file format GMC Envoy, a make of automobile The Envoy, a 1982 album by Warren Zevon The Call Sign For United Kingdom Airline Flyjet Category: ... A white flag is traditionally used to represent a truce. ... October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Conclusion

Faced with the armistice, threats of a joint attack on Holstein from both Great Britain and Prussia, and an ever more strongly defended Göteborg, the Danish troops marched off on November 12, 1788 toward Norway, and Sweden had in essence won the war. This was convenient for Sweden since the fighting on the Finnish front was very much still in progress. Holstein (Hol-shtayn) (Low German: Holsteen, Danish: Holsten, Latin and historical English: Holsatia) is the southern part of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany, between the rivers Elbe and Eider. ... Motto: Suum cuique Latin: To each his own Prussia at its peak, as leading state of the German Empire Capital Königsberg, later Berlin Political structure Duchy, Kingdom, Republic Duke1  - 1525–68 Albert I  - 1688–1701 Frederick III King1  - 1701–13 Frederick I  - 1888–1918 William II Prime Minister1,2... November 12 is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 49 days remaining. ...

The success could have turned into a debâcle when it was revealed that a lieutenant Benzelstjärna with the king's approval had planned to burn the seven Russian ships in the Copenhagen harbor. Through the revelation the plans were never carried out. For other uses, see Copenhagen (disambiguation). ...

The attacking Danish-Norwegian force only lost eight men through acts of war. The almost frivolous Swedish and Norwegian names for the conflict do not reflect the real suffering caused by it: the Danish-Norwegian army lost 1,500-3,000 men to hunger, disease, poor sanitary conditions, and exposure to continual autumn rainfall. Look up exposure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

On July 9, 1789, Denmark surrendered before the combined might of Britain, Prussia, and Sweden. A statement of neutrality was issued by Denmark, not a formal peace treaty. July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Neutral means balanced between two or more opposites. ...

The name of the war

The Swedish term "Theater War" reflects the view in later times that the war in practice was a theatrical spectacle rather than a "real" martial conflict. In Norwegian, the war is known as Tyttebærkrigen after the Norwegian word for the mountain cranberry, in remembrance of how the Norwegian troops, denied assistance by the local population, had to live off the land in berry season.^[2] Binomial nomenclature Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. Ref: ITIS 505637 The Cowberry or Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is a small evergreen shrub in the plant Family Ericaceae that bears edible fruits. ...

Sources

1. ^ SMB Svenskt Militärhistoriskt bibliotek Website
2. ^ Norwegian Wikipedia, read 2007-03-13