Theodore Gilmore Bilbo (October 13, 1877–August 21, 1947) was an American politician. Bilbo, a Democrat, twice served as governor of Mississippi (1916–20, 1928–32) and later became a U.S. Senator (1935–47). A master of scathing filibuster and a "rough and tumble" fighter in debate, Bilbo became a synonym for white supremacy. He held unapologetic "anti-Negro" views and was a fiery defender of segregation. He was noted for his short stature (5'2" or 157 cm), wore flashy clothing, and was nicknamed, "The Man" because he tended to refer to himself in the third person ^[1] http://bioguide. ... Type Upper House President of the Senate Richard B. Cheney, R since January 20, 2001 President pro tempore Robert C. Byrd, D since January 4, 2007 Members 100 Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party Last elections November 7, 2006 Meeting place Senate Chamber United States Capitol Washington, DC United States... 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Claiborne (Democrat) (25 May 1801–1 March 1805) Robert Williams (Democrat) (1 March 1805–7 March 1809) David Holmes (Democrat) (7 March 1809–10 December 1817) Governors... is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... For Lee Russell (Record Producer and Musician) , see Lee Russell (Producer & Musician). ... Earl L. Brewer (August 11, 1869 - March 10, 1942) was governor of Mississippi from 1912 to 1916. ... For Lee Russell (Record Producer and Musician) , see Lee Russell (Producer & Musician). ... Governors of Mississippi Territory, 1801–1817 Winthorp Sargent (Federalist) (7 May 1798–25 May 1801) William C. C. Claiborne (Democrat) (25 May 1801–1 March 1805) Robert Williams (Democrat) (1 March 1805–7 March 1809) David Holmes (Democrat) (7 March 1809–10 December 1817) Governors... is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dennis Murphree (January 6, 1886 - February 9, 1949) was a Mississippi politician. ... Martin Sennett Conner (August 21, 1891 - September 16, 1950) was Governor of Mississippi from 1932 to 1936. ... The Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi is the second-highest ranking executive officer in Mississippi, right below the governor. ... is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Earl L. Brewer (August 11, 1869 - March 10, 1942) was governor of Mississippi from 1912 to 1916. ... For Lee Russell (Record Producer and Musician) , see Lee Russell (Producer & Musician). ... is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 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Education

Bilbo was born to a poor family in Juniper Grove, a hamlet in Pearl River County, Mississippi. He attended college at Peabody College in Nashville, Tennessee, and law school at Vanderbilt University, although he did not graduate from either institution. Later, Bilbo worked as a teacher. In 1908, he was admitted to the bar in Tennessee and began a law practice in Poplarville, Mississippi. Pearl River County is a county located in the state of Mississippi. ... Originally, George Peabody College for Teachers was a teachers college located in Nashville, Tennessee, and after 1911, was geographically locatated directly across the street from the campus of Vanderbilt University. ... “Nashville” redirects here. ... // A law school is an institution where future lawyers obtain legal degrees. ... Vanderbilt University is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational research university in Nashville, Tennessee. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... A bar association is a body of lawyers who, in some jurisdictions, are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession. ... Official language(s) English Capital Nashville Largest city Memphis Largest metro area Nashville Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 36th  - Total 42,169 sq mi (109,247 km²)  - Width 120 miles (195 km)  - Length 440 miles (710 km)  - % water 2. ... Poplarville is a city located in Pearl River County, Mississippi. ...

State Senate

Bilbo served in the Mississippi State Senate from 1908 to 1912. In 1910, he attracted national attention in a bribery scandal. After the death of U.S. Senator Anselm J. McLaurin, the State Senate was deadlocked in choosing between LeRoy Percy or former Governor James K. Vardaman for United States Senator. After 58 ballots, Bilbo on February 28 was one of several candidates to broke the stalemate by switching his vote to Percy, who won by an 87-82 majority ^[2]. Bilbo then told a grand jury the next day that he had accepted a $645 bribe from L.C. Dulaney, but that he had done so as part of a private investigation. ^[3]. The State Senate voted 28-10 to expel him from office, falling one vote short of the 3/4 majority needed ^[4]. The Senate passed a resolution calling him "unfit to sit with honest, upright men in a respectable legislative body." The Mississippi Senate, in American politics, is the upper house of the state legislature of Mississippi. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Anselm Joseph McLaurin (March 26, 1848–December 22, American politician from Mississippi. ... United States Senator from Mississippi from 1911 to 1913, LeRoy Percy (November 9, 1860 – December 24, 1929) was a wealthy planter from Greenville, Mississippi in the heart of the Delta. ... James Kimble Vardaman (July 26, 1861 - June 25, 1930) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Mississippi. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

During his subsequent campaign for lieutenant governor, he made a comment to a state senator from Yazoo City. The man was insulted, and during the ensuing skirmish the man broke his cane over Bilbo's head. But Bilbo's campaign was successful, and he served as lieutenant governor from 1912 to 1916. One of his first acts as lieutenant governor was to remove the resolution calling him "unfit to sit with honest men" from the records. A Lieutenant Governor is a government official who is the subordinate or deputy of a Governor or Governor-General. ... Yazoo City is a city in Yazoo County, Mississippi, United States. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Governorship

After serving as Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi for four years, Bilbo was elected to the office of governor in 1915. In his first term, his populist program was implemented, he was known as "Bilbo the Builder" because of his work on constructing a state highway system, as well as lime crushing plants, new dormitories of the Old Soldiers' Home, and a tuberculosis hospital. He pushed through a law eliminating public hangings and worked on eradication of the South American tick. Bilbo was prohibited by the state constitution from succeeding himself, and he chose instead to run for a seat in the House of Representatives. During the campaign, a bout of "Texas fever" broke out, and Bilbo supported a program to dip cattle in insecticide to kill the ticks carrying the fever. Mississippi farmers were generally not happy about the idea, and Bilbo was unable to win a seat in Congress. Governors of Mississippi Territory, 1801–1817 Winthorp Sargent (Federalist) (7 May 1798–25 May 1801) William C. C. Claiborne (Democrat) (25 May 1801–1 March 1805) Robert Williams (Democrat) (1 March 1805–7 March 1809) David Holmes (Democrat) (7 March 1809–10 December 1817) Governors... Year 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Look up Populism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Hanging is a form of execution or a method for suicide. ... In the context of the United States of America, a state constitution is the governing document of a U.S. state, comparable to the U.S. Constitution which is the governing document of the United States. ... Type Bicameral Speaker of the House of Representatives House Majority Leader Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Steny Hoyer, (D) since January 4, 2007 House Minority Leader John Boehner, (R) since January 4, 2007 Members 435 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party... For general information about the genus, including other species of cattle, see Bos. ... It has been suggested that ovicide be merged into this article or section. ... Families Ixodidae - Hard ticks Argasidae - Soft ticks Nuttalliellidae - ????? ticks Wikispecies has information related to: Ixodoidea Tick is the common name for the small arachnids that, along with other mites, constitute the order Acarina. ... Farmer spreading grasshopper bait in his alfalfa field. ... Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. Byrd, (D) since January 4, 2007 Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Members 535 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political...

Afterwards, Bilbo once again caused controversy by hiding in a barn to avoid a subpoena in a case involving his friend, then-governor Lee M. Russell,^[5] who had served as Bilbo's lieutenant governor, and Russell's former secretary, who accused Russell of breach of promise and of seducing and impregnating her; as a result, she underwent an abortion that left her unable to have children. Bilbo had been sent to try to convince this woman not to sue Russell. He was unsuccessful, but the woman was also unsuccessful in her suit against Russell. Judge Edwin R. Holmes sentenced him to 30 days in prison for "contempt of court" and Bilbo actually served 10 days behind bars, declaring to the crowd outside his cell that he would run for governor again in 1923, but lost. However, in 1927 he was elected Governor again after winning the Democratic primary in a runoff over Governor Dennis Murphree. Bilbo criticized Governor Murphree for calling out the National Guard to prevent a lynching in Jackson, declaring that no African American was worthy of protection by the Guard ^[6]. A subpoena is a command to appear at a certain time and place to give testimony upon a certain matter. ... Lee Maurice Russell (November 16, 1875 - May 16, 1943) was a Mississippi politician. ... Breach of promise is a former tort. ... Edwin Ruthven Holmes (October 1, 1878 - December 10, 1961) was a Federal judge. ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Runoff voting is a voting system used in single-seat elections. ... Dennis Murphree (January 6, 1886 - February 9, 1949) was a Mississippi politician. ...

His second term was filled with controversy involving his plan to move the University of Mississippi from Oxford to Jackson. That idea was defeated, but Bilbo's ideas concerning the universities would later call Mississippi's credibility into question. During the 1928 presidential election, Bilbo helped Al Smith carry the state despite an overwhelming anti-Catholic sentiment, by claiming that Herbert Hoover had met with a black member of the Republican National Committee and danced with her. In a speech in Memphis on October 17, Bilbo asserted that during a visit to Mississippi in 1927, "Hoover insisted that his train be routed through Mount Bayou... in order that he might visit Mrs. Mary Booze, a negress, socially," and added, "Mary Booze is as black as the ace of spades. And Hoover danced with her." ^[7] Though widely reported, the odd story did not prevent Hoover from being elected President of the United States the following month. The University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... : Crossroads of the South : The city of Grace and Benevolence United States Mississippi Hinds, (very small portions in Madison and Rankin) 106. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Alfred Emanuel Al Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was Governor of New York, and Democratic U.S. presidential candidate in 1928. ... Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964), the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933), was a world-famous mining engineer and humanitarian administrator. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... The Republican National Committee (RNC) provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Firing the Professors

In 1930, Governor Bilbo convened a meeting of the State Board of Universities and Colleges to approve his plans to dismiss 179 faculty members. Appearing before reporters after the meeting, he announced, "Boys, we've just hung up a new record. We've bounced three college presidents and made three new ones in the record time of two hours. And that's just the beginning of what's going to happen," ^[8]. The presidents of the University of Mississippi, Mississippi A & M (later Mississippi State University), and the Mississippi College for Women were all fired and replaced, respectively, by a realtor, a press agent, and a recent B.A. degree recipient ^[9]. The Dean of the Medical School at Ole Miss was replaced by "a man who once had a course in dentistry," ^[10]. The University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. ... Mississippi State University is a land-grant university located in north east-central Mississippi, United States, in the town of Starkville and is situated 125 miles (200 km) northeast of Jackson and 23 miles (37 km) west of Columbus. ... Mississippi University for Women, also known as MUW or sipmly the W is a four-year coeducational public university located in Columbus, Mississippi. ...

As a result, recognition of degrees from all four of Mississippi's state colleges (Mississippi State Teachers College, now the University of Southern Mississippi was the other) was suspended by the Association of American Universities, the Southern Association of College and Secondary Schools. The American Medical Association voted to cancel the accreditation of the state's college of medicine ^[11]. The Association of American University Professors (AAUP), meeting in Cleveland, passed a resolution that the remaining Mississippi professors would "be regarded as retired members of the profession," after finding that the dismissals of employees had been made "for political considerations and without concern for the welfare of the students," ^[12]. During the crisis, Bilbo was burned in effigy by students at Ole Miss, but was unconcerned about the state's image. He made national headlines by giving an interview while taking a bath, "sitting in a tub of hot water, soap in one hand, washrag in the other, and a cigar in his mouth," ^[13]. The lack of recognition continued until "satisfactory evidence of improved conditions" was provided to the AAUP and the other insitutions in 1932 ^[14] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The American Medical Association (AMA) is the largest association of medical doctors in the United States. ...

In his final year of office, Governor Bilbo and the legislature were at a stalemate. He refused to sign the tax bills and the legislature refused to approve his bills. At the end of his term, the State of Mississippi was broke. The state treasury had only $1,326.57 in its coffers, and the state was $11,500,000 in debt ^[15]. Bilbo, whose actions had halted USDA funding of the agricultural school at Mississippi state, was hired as a "consultant on public relations" for the U.S. Department of Agriculture for a short time, clipping newspaper articles for a high salary, a reward from Senator Pat Harrison for Bilbo's campaign support. Pundits dubbed him the "Pastemaster General".^[16] Soon, Bilbo made plans to run for the U.S. Senate seat held by Hubert Stephens. “Taxes” redirects here. ... The U.S. Department of Agriculture, also called the Agriculture Department, or USDA, is a Cabinet department of the United States Federal Government. ... Bryon Patton Pat Harrison (August 29, 1881 - June 22, 1941) was a Mississippi politician who served as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives from 1911 to 1919 and in the United States Senate from 1919 until his death. ... Hubert Durett Stephens (July 2, 1875–March 14, 1946) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Senator from Mississippi from 1923 to 1935. ...

Senate

In 1934, Bilbo defeated Stephens to win a seat in the United States Senate. As part of his oratory, he came out against "farmer murderers", "poor-folks haters", "shooters of widows and orphans", "international well-poisoners", "charity hospital destroyers", "spitters on our heroic veterans", "rich enemies of our public schools", "private bankers 'who ought to come out in the open and let folks see what they're doing'", "European debt cancelers", "unemployment makers", pacifists, Communists, munitions manufacturers, and "skunks who steal Gideon Bibles from hotel rooms" ^[17]. Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Type Upper House President of the Senate Richard B. Cheney, R since January 20, 2001 President pro tempore Robert C. Byrd, D since January 4, 2007 Members 100 Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party Last elections November 7, 2006 Meeting place Senate Chamber United States Capitol Washington, DC United States...

Once in Washington, Bilbo became involved in a feud with Pat Harrison, the senior senator from the state. The feud started when Harrison nominated Edwin R. Holmes for the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. Bilbo despised Holmes, apparently carrying lots of leftover animus from the contempt citation, and spoke against him for five hours; he was the only senator to vote against Holmes' confirmation. Harrison lost his bid to become Senate Majority Leader in 1937 by the margin of one vote. Bilbo had gotten his revenge by voting against his fellow Mississippian. Bryon Patton Pat Harrison (August 29, 1881 - June 22, 1941) was a Mississippi politician who served as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives from 1911 to 1919 and in the United States Senate from 1919 until his death. ... The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the following United States District Courts: Western, Middle, and Eastern Districts of Louisiana Northern and Southern Districts of Mississippi Western, Eastern, Northern, and Southern Districts of Texas The court is based at... The Senate Majority Leader is a member of the United States Senate who is elected by the party conference which holds the majority in the Senate to serve as the chief Senate spokesman for his or her party and to manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the Senate, Bilbo was a supporter of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. Bilbo caused controversy in the Senate due to his outspoken support of segregation and white supremacy. Attracted by the ideas of Black separatists like Marcus Garvey, Bilbo proposed an amendment to the federal work-relief bill on June 6, 1938, proposing to deport 12 million black Americans to Liberia at federal expense to relieve unemployment. ^[18]. He took the time to write a book titled Take Your Choice, Separation or Mongrelization, advocating the idea. Garvey praised him in return, saying that Bilbo had "done wonderfully well for the Negro".^[19] Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ... The New Deal was the title President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave to the series of programs he initiated between 1933 and 1938 with the goal of providing relief, recovery, and reform (3 Rs) to the people and economy of the United States during the Great Depression. ... White supremacy is a racist ideology which holds the belief that white people are superior to other races. ... Black separatism is a separatist political movement that seeks a separate homeland for black people, particularly African-Americans. ... Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. ...

Bilbo was assigned to what was considered the least important Senate committee, the District of Columbia Committee, as a way to try to limit his power. He used this role to advance his white supremacist views. Bilbo was against giving any vote to district residents, especially as the district's black population continued to increase. He chaired the committee, 1945-47. He also served on the Pensions Committee, chairing it 1942-45.^[20] The United States Senate Committee on the District of Columbia was one of the first standing committees created in the United States Senate, in 1816. ...

While Senator Bilbo revealed his membership to the Ku Klux Klan on the radio program Meet the Press. During the interview he stated, "“No man can leave the Klan. He takes an oath not to do that. Once a Ku Klux, always a Ku Klux.”^[21] Members of the second Ku Klux Klan at a rally during the 1920s. ... Meet the Press (MTP) is a weekly television news show produced by NBC. It started as a radio show in 1945 as American Mercury Presents: Meet the Press, originating from WRC-AM in Washington. ...

Bilbo was also outspoken in his belief that blacks should not be allowed to vote anywhere, the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments to the Constitution to the contrary. There were many allegations of disenfranchisement by black veterans, along with allegations that his campaign tactics provoked violence. Bilbo was also accused of giving war contracts out to his friends. Amendment XIV in the National Archives The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments (known as the Reconstruction Amendments), first intended to secure rights for former slaves. ... Amendment XV in the National Archives 1870 celebration of the 15th amendment as a guarantee of African American rights 1867 drawing depicting the first vote by African Americans Amendment XV (the Fifteenth Amendment) of the United States Constitution provides that governments in the United States may not prevent a citizen... A veteran refers to a person who is experienced in a particular area, particularly referring to people in the armed forces. ...

Bilbo was a prominent participant in the lengthy filibuster of the anti-lynching bill before the Senate in 1938. His language was even more passionate than that of his colleagues: As a form of obstructionism in a legislature or other decision making body, a filibuster is an attempt to extend debate upon a proposal in order to delay or completely prevent a vote on its passage. ... Postcard depicting the lynching of Lige Daniels, Center, Texas, August 3, 1920. ...

If you succeed in the passage of this bill, you will open the floodgates of hell in the South. Raping, mobbing, lynching, race riots, and crime will be increased a thousandfold; and upon your garments and the garments of those who are responsible for the passage of the measure will be the blood of the raped and outraged daughters of Dixie, as well as the blood of the perpetrators of these crimes that the red-blooded Anglo-Saxon white Southern men will not tolerate.^[22]

Bilbo famously denounced Richard Wright's novel, Black Boy, on the Senate floor, "Its purpose is to plant the seeds of devilment and troublebreeding in the days to come in the mind and heart of every American Negro...It is the dirtiest, filthiest, lousiest, most obscene piece of writing that I have ever seen in print. I would hate to have a son or daughter of mine permitted to read it; it is so filthy and so dirty. But it comes from a Negro, and you cannot expect any better from a person of his type."^[23] Richard Wright is the name of several people, including: Richard Wright, African-American author Richard B. Wright, Canadian author Richard Wright, keyboard player with Pink Floyd Richard Wright, England football goalkeeper Richard Wright, American politician This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might...

He was re-elected to a third Senate term in November 1946, but the newly-elected Republican majority in the United States Senate refused to seat Bilbo for the term due to his being suspected of openly inciting violence against blacks who wanted to vote and a committee finding that he had taken bribes. A filibuster by his supporters delayed the seating of the Senate for days. It was resolved when a supporter proposed that Bilbo's credentials remain on the table while he returned home to Mississippi to seek medical treatment for his oral cancer.^[24] Oral cancer is any cancerous tissue growth located in the mouth. ...

Bilbo died only a few months later at the age of 69 in New Orleans, Louisiana. On his deathbed he summoned the editor of an African American newspaper to make a statement: NOLA redirects here. ...

I am honestly against the social intermingling of Negroes and whites but I hold nothing personal against the Negroes as a race. They should be proud of their God-given heritage just as l am proud of mine. I believe Negroes should have the right [to indiscriminate use of the ballot], and in Mississippi too—when their main purpose is not to put me out of office and when they won't try to besmirch the reputation of my state. ^[25]

His funeral at Juniper Grove Cemetery in Poplarville was attended by 5000 mourners, including the governor and the junior senator.

Bilbo is referred to in the 1947 film Gentleman's Agreement, in Pete Seeger's song, 'Listen Mr Bilbo' (1946), and in the novel Sophie's Choice by William Styron (1979). Gentlemans Agreement is a 1947 film about a journalist (played by Gregory Peck) who falsely represents himself as a Jew to research anti-semitism in the affluent community of Darien, Connecticut. ... Peter Seeger (born May 3, 1919), almost universally known as Pete Seeger, is a folk singer, political activist, and author. ... Sophies Choice (1979) is a novel written by William Styron about a young American Southerner who wants to be a writer and befriends Nathan, who is Jewish, and his beautiful lover Sophie, a Polish (but not Jewish) survivor of the Nazi concentration camps. ... William Clark Styron, Jr. ...

Sources

• Theodore G. Bilbo at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Take Your Choice Separation or Mongrelization By Theodore G. Bilbo (Online PDF 600Kb)

The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all members of both houses of the United States Congress, past and present. ...

References

1. ^ Current Biography 1943, pp 47-50
2. ^ "Vardaman Defeated," Fort Wayne News, February 23, 1910, p2
3. ^ "Mississippi Senate Takes Up Bilbo's Briberty Charge," Indianapolis Star, March 30, 1910, p2
4. ^ "Senator Bilbo Narrowly Escapes From Expulsion," The Anaconda Standard, April 15, 1910, p1
5. ^ "Southern Statesman" TIME, October 01, 1934.
6. ^ Current Biography 1943, p49
7. ^ "Hoover Danced With Negro," Oelwein Daily Register (Oelwein, Iowa), October 18, 1928, p1
8. ^ The New Republic, September 17, 1930, quoted in the Decatur Evening Herald, 9/16/30 p6
9. ^ Id.
10. ^ Id.
11. ^ "Four Schools Facing Ouster", Salt Lake Tribune, December 29, 1930, p6
12. ^ "Educators Put Four Miss. Colleges on their Blacklist," The Clearfield Progress, December 30, 1930, p12
13. ^ AP Report, "Governor Bilbo Is Interviewed In His Bathtub," The Bee (Danville, Va.), Decembet 20, 1930, p3
14. ^ "The AAUP's Censure List," www.aaup.org/AAUP/pubsres/academe/2003/JF/Feat/Knig.htm
15. ^ Current Biography 1943, p49
16. ^ "Southern Statesman" TIME, October 01, 1934.
17. ^ Current Biography 1943, p49
18. ^ Current Biography 1943, p50
19. ^ Brothers and Strangers: Black Zion, Black Slavery, 1914-1940, Ibrahim K. Sundiata, Duke University Press 2003 ISBN 0822332477, p. 313
20. ^ "CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES"
21. ^ "Theodore G. Bilbo and the Decline of Public Racism, 1938-1947" By Robert L. Fleegler, Spring 2006, The Journal of Mississippi History
22. ^ "Theodore G. Bilbo and the Decline of Public Racism, 1938-1947" By Robert L. Fleegler, Spring 2006, The Journal of Mississippi History
23. ^ Remarks delivered by U.S. Sen. Theodore G. Bilbo in the Senate, June 27, 1945
24. ^ "That Man" TIME, January. 13, 1947
25. ^ "He Died a Martyr" TIME, September 1, 1947

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External links

• Theodore G. Bilbo's biographic sketch at Find A Grave

v • d • e United States Senators from Mississippi

Class 1: Leake • Holmes • Ellis • Reed • Ellis • Black • Trotter • T. Hickman Williams • Henderson • Speight • Davis • McRae • S. Adams • Davis • Ames • Pease • Bruce • George • Money • J. Williams • Stephens • Bilbo • Stennis • Lott Class 2: T. Hill Williams • Reed • R. Adams • Poindexter • Walker • Chalmers • Foote • Brooke • Brown • Revels • Alcorn • Lamar • Walthall • McLaurin • Walthall • Sullivan • McLaurin • Gordon • Percy • Vardaman • Harrison • Eastland • Doxey • Eastland • Cochran