In 1944 Princeton University Press published Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, a book by the mathematician John von Neumann and economist Oskar Morgenstern. It contained a mathematical theory of economic and social organization, based on a theory of games of strategy. 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Princeton University Press is a publishing house, a division of Princeton University, that is highly respected in academic publishing. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... John von Neumann in the 1940s. ... An economist is someone who studies Economics. ... Oskar Morgenstern (January 24, 1902 - July 26, 1977) was an German- American economist who, working with John von Neumann, helped found the mathematical field of game theory. ...

This is now a classic work, upon which modern-day game theory is based. Game theory has since been widely used to analyze real-world phenomena from arms races to optimal policy choices of presidential candidates, from vaccination policy to major league baseball salary negotiations. It is today established, both throughout the social sciences and in a wide range of other sciences. Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that studies strategic situations where players choose different actions in an attempt to maximize their returns. ... An arms race is a competition between two or more countries for military supremacy. ...