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International, common name of various socialist organizations, all of which aspired to be expressions of supranational working-class solidarity.
He became the dominant figure in the International, drafting its general rules and a carefully worded inaugural address that was designed to safeguard unity of purpose.
At The Hague Congress of 1872, Marx prevailed, and Bakunin was expelled from the International.
The new International thus represented a response to the latter's failure to form a unified coalition against the First World War, which the founders of the Third Internationalists regarded as a bourgeois imperialist war and which the whole of the anti-militarist socialist movement had been completely opposed to until the beginning of the war itself.
The First International, founded in 1864, had split between the socialists and the anarchists who preferred not to enter the political arena, setting their sights instead on the creation of a strong anarcho-syndicalist movement (a.k.a.
Discredited by its passivity towards world events, the Second International was henceforth dissolved in the middle of the war, in 1916, its internationalist ideals having obviously been defeated by the nationalist ideology in force in each country.
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