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Thomas Bernhard (February 9, 1931, Heerlen - February 12, 1989, Ohlsdorf) was an Austrian playwright and novelist. An image of Thomas Bernhard taken from Gitta Honeggers 2003 book (in German) Thomas Bernhard ( ISBN 354907168X ). An English version, , is also available. ...
An image of Thomas Bernhard taken from Gitta Honeggers 2003 book (in German) Thomas Bernhard ( ISBN 354907168X ). An English version, , is also available. ...
February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar). ...
Heerlen is a municipality and a town in the southeastern Netherlands and the second biggest city in the province of Limburg. ...
February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Template:Unsourced A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is someone who writes dramatic literature or drama. ...
A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. ...
Life
Thomas Bernhard was born in 1931 in Heerlen, Netherlands as an illegitimate child to Herta Fabjan (1904-1950) and the carpenter Alois Zuckerstätter (1905-1940). Heerlen is a municipality and a town in the southeastern Netherlands and the second biggest city in the province of Limburg. ...
Illegitimacy was a term in common usage for the condition of being born of parents who are not validly married to one another; the legal term is bastardy. ...
Bernhard spent much of his early childhood with his maternal grandparents in Vienna and Seekirchen, Salzburg (state). His mother's marriage in (1936) occasioned a move to Traunstein, Bavaria. Inhabitants according to official census figures: 1800 to 2005 Vienna in 1858 UN complex in Vienna, with the non-affiliated Austria Center Vienna in front - picture taken from Danube Tower in nearby Danube Park. ...
Salzburg (area 7154 sq. ...
Matrimony redirects here. ...
1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Traunstein is a town in the south-eastern part of Bavaria, Germany and is the administrative center of a district by the same name. ...
The Free State of Bavaria (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ...
Bernhard's grandfather, the author Johannes Freumbichler, pushed for an artistic education for the boy, including musical instruction. Bernhard went to elementary school in Seekirchen and later attended the National Socialist (1942-1945) / Catholic (post-1945) boarding school Johanneum, which he quit in 1947 to start an apprenticeship with a merchant. The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ...
1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ...
1945 (MCMVL) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ...
1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ...
Apprenticeship is a traditional method, still popular in some countries, of training a new generation of skilled crafts practitioners. ...
Merchants function as professionals who deal with trade, dealing in commodities that they do not produce themselves, in order to produce profit. ...
Due to an intractable lung disease, Bernhard spent the years 1949 to 1951 at the sanatorium Grafenhof. He trained as an actor at the Mozarteum in Salzburg (1955-1957). After that he began work as a freelance author. In medicine, pulmonology is the specialty that deals with diseases of the lungs and the respiratory tract. ...
Sanatório Heliantia A sanatorium refers to a medical facility for long-term illness, typically cholera or tuberculosis. ...
We dont have an article called Mozarteum Start this article Search for Mozarteum in. ...
Flag of Salzburg Salzburg (population 145,000 in 2005) is a city in western Austria and the capital of the federal state of Salzburg (population 520,000 in 2003). ...
1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Bernhard died in 1989 at home in Ohlsdorf near Gmunden, Upper Austria, where he had moved in 1965. His attractive house is now a museum--one of its most striking features is the presence of hundreds of pairs of Bernhard's shoes. In his last will, Bernhard prohibited any new stagings of his plays and publication of his unpublished work in Austria. His death was announced only after his funeral. Upper Austria (Ober sterreich) is one of the nine federal states or Bundesl nder of Austria. ...
To publish is to make publicly known, and in reference to text and images, it can mean distributing paper copies to the public, or putting the content on a website. ...
Work Often criticized in Austria as a Nestbeschmutzer (someone who dirties their own nest) for his critical views but highly acclaimed abroad, Bernhard is seen by many as a genius.
His work is most influenced by the feeling of being left alone (in his childhood and youth) and his uncurable illness, which caused him to see death as the ultimate essence of existence. His most typical work are loners' monologues explaining—to a rather silent listener—his view on the state of the world on the basis of a concrete situation. This is true for his plays as well as for his prose, where the monologues are then reported second hand by the listener. A monologue is a speech made by one person speaking his or her thoughts aloud or directly addressing a reader, audience or character. ...
His main protagonists, often scholars—or, as he calls them, Geistesmenschen—denounce in their contumelious tirades against the "stupid populace" everything that matters to the Austrian: the state (often called "Catholic-National-Socialist"), generally respected institutions like Vienna's Burgtheater, or much-loved artists. His work also continually deals with the isolation and self-decomposition of people striving for a perfection impossible to reach, since perfection means stagnancy and therefore death. Burgtheater (front) Burgtheater (side) Burgtheater (Main entrance) Burgtheater (right after its construction) The Burgtheater (en: Castle Theatre or Imperial Court Theatre), originally known as , then until 1920 as the , is the Austrias federal theatre in Vienna and one of the most important German language theatres in the world. ...
"Es ist alles lächerlich, wenn man an den Tod denkt" (Everything is ridiculous, when one thinks of Death) was his comment when he received a minor Austrian national award in 1968, which resulted in one of the many public scandals he caused over the years and which became part of his fame. His novel Holzfällen (1984), for instance, could not be published for years due to a defamation claim of a former friend. Many of his plays—above all Heldenplatz (1988)—were met with criticism from conservative circles, who claimed they dirtied Austria's reputation. Heldenplatz as well as the other plays Bernhard wrote in those years were put on stage by the controversial Burgtheater director Claus Peymann, who was often criticized for staging contemporary plays at that place of fine art. See also: 1983 in literature, other events of 1984, 1985 in literature, list of years in literature. ...
Ther word claim has several uses: a right; an insurance claim; a patent claim; a logical assertion of truth. ...
See also: 1987 in literature, other events of 1988, 1989 in literature, list of years in literature. ...
This article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ...
Even in his death Bernhard caused disturbance by his—as he supposedly called it—posthumous literary emigration, by disallowing all publication and stagings of his work within Austria's borders. His heirs, however, have since allowed this from time to time. Posthumous means after death. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Immigration. ...
Works (In Translation)
Novels - Gargoyles (1970): Originally published as Verstörung (1967), translated by Richard Winston and Clara Winston.
- The Lime Works (1973): Originally published as Das Kalkwerk (1970), translated by Sophie Wilkins.
- Correction (1979): Originally published as Korrektur (1975), translated by Sophie Wilkins.
- Concrete (1984): Originally published as Beton (1982), translated by David McLintock.
- Cutting Timber: An Irritation (1985, novel): Originally published as Holzfällen: Eine Erregung (1984), translated by Ewald Osers. Also translated as Woodcutters, by David McLintock, in 1988.
- Wittgenstein's Nephew (1988): Originally published as Wittgensteins Neffe (1982), translated by David McLintock.
- Old Masters: A Comedy (1989): Originally published as Alte Meister (1985), translated by Ewald Osers.
- The Cheap-Eaters (1990): Originally published as Der Billigesser (1980).
- The Loser (1991): Originally published as Der Untergeher (1983), translated by Jack Dawson.
- On The Mountain (1991): Originally published as In Der Höhe (written 1959, published 1989), translated by Russell Stockman.
- Yes (1991): Originally published as Ja (1978), translated by Ewald Osers.
- Extinction (1995): Originally published as Auslöschung (1986), translated by David McLintock.
- Three Novellas (2003): Collects Amras (1964), Playing Watten (Watten, 1964) and Walking (Gehen, 1971). Translated by Peter Jansen and Kenneth J. Northcott.
- Frost (2006): Originally published in 1963, translated by Michael Hofmann.
Michael Hofmann (born 1957, Freiburg, West Germany) is a German poet and award-winning translator. ...
Plays - The President and Eve of Retirement (1982): Originally published as Der Präsident (1975) and Vor dem Ruhestand. Eine Komödie von deutscher Seele (1979), translated by Gitta Honegger.
- Histrionics: Three Plays (1990): Collects A Party for Boris (Ein Fest für Boris, 1968), Ritter, Dene, Voss (1984) and Histrionics (Der Theatermacher, 1984), translated by Peter Jansen and Kenneth Northcott.
- Over All the Mountain Tops (2004): Originally published as Über allen Gipfeln ist Ruh (1981), translated by Michael Mitchell.
Miscellaneous - Gathering Evidence (1985, memoir): Collects Die Ursache (1975), Der Keller (1976), Der Atem (1978), Die Kälte (1981) and Ein Kind (1982), translated by David McLintock.
- The Voice Imitator (1997, stories): Originally published as Der Stimmenimitator (1978), translated by Kenneth J. Northcott.
- In Hora Mortis / Under the Iron of the Moon (2006, poetry): Collects In Hora Mortis (1958) and Unter dem Eisen des Mondes (1958), translated by James Reidel.
References
See also This is a list of Austrian writers and poets. ...
The following list is an election of famous Austrians. ...
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