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Encyclopedia > Thorn (letter)

Þþ

Thorn, or þorn (Þ, þ), is a letter in the Anglo-Saxon and Icelandic alphabets. It was also used in medieval Scandinavia, but was later replaced with th. The letter originated from the rune ᚦ, called thorn in the Anglo-Saxon and thurs ("giant") in the Scandinavian rune poems, its reconstructed Proto-Germanic name being *Thurisaz. Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... Younger Futhark inscription on the Vaksala Runestone The Runic alphabets are a set of related alphabets using letters known as runes, formerly used to write Germanic languages, mainly in Scandinavia and the British Isles, but before Christianization also on the European Continent. ... The Anglo-Saxons refers collectively to the groups of Germanic tribes who achieved dominance in southern Britain from the mid-5th century, forming the basis for the modern English nation. ... In Norse mythology, Jotuns, Jötunn or Jotnar of Utgard, Jötunnheim were the race of Gods called giants (thurs), separated into categories such as frost giants (rime giants, hrimthurs), fire giants, sea giants and storm giants. ... For other meanings of the word giant, see Giant (disambiguation) Giants are humanoid creatures of prodigious size and strength, a type of legendary monster that appear in the tales of many different races and cultures. ... The rune poems list the letters of a runic alphabet with a short verse characterizing each one. ... Map of the Pre-Roman Iron Age culture(s) associated with Proto-Germanic, ca 500 BC-50 BC. The area south of Scandinavia is the Jastorf culture Proto-Germanic, the proto-language believed by scholars to be the common ancestor of the Germanic languages, includes among its descendants Dutch, Yiddish... The rune expressing the is called Thurs (Þurs giant, see Jotun) in the Icelandic and Norwegian rune poems: In Anglo-Saxon England, the same rune was called Thorn and it survives as the letter Þ. The corresponding Gothic letter, , is called þiuþ. This lack of agreement makes it difficult to reconstruct...


It has the sound of either a voiceless interdental fricative, like th as in the English word thick, or a voiced dental fricative, like th as in the English word the. In Icelandic the usage is restricted to the former, except for certain situations (as between vowels) where it is regularly voiced. The voiced form is represented with the letter eth (Ð, ð), though that letter can also be unvoiced, depending on position within a sentence. The voiceless dental non-sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The voiced dental non-sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... Eth (Ð, ð), also spelled edh or eð, is a letter used in Old English (Anglo-Saxon) and present-day Icelandic, and in Faroese language which call the letter edd. ...

Contents


Usage in English

The letter thorn was used for writing Old English very early on, like eth; unlike eth, it remained in common usage through most of the Middle English period. Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... Ð (capital Ð, lower-case ð) (or eth, eð or edh, Faroese: edd) is a letter used in Old English (Anglo-Saxon) and present-day Icelandic and Faroese. ... Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion in 1066 and the mid-to-late 15th century, when the Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the...


The modern digraph th began to grow in popularity during the 14th century; at the same time, the shape of the thorn grew less distinctive, with the letter losing its ascender (becoming similar in appearance to the old wynn, which had fallen out of use by 1300) and, in some hands, such as that of the scribe of the unique mid-15th century manuscript of The Boke of Margery Kempe, ultimately becoming indistinguishable from the letter Y. By this stage th was predominant, however, and the usage of the thorn was largely restricted to certain common words and abbreviations. In William Caxton's pioneering printed English, it is rare except in an abbreviated the, written with a thorn and a superscript E. This was the longest-lived usage, though the substitution of Y for thorn soon became ubiquitous. The first printing of the King James Version of the Bible in 1611 used the Y form of the thorn with a superscript E in places such as Job 1:9, John 15:1, and Romans 15:29. It also used a similar form with a superscript T, which was an abbreviated that, in places such as 2 Corinthians 13:7. All were replaced in later printings by the or that, respectively. The thorn in the form of a Y survives to this day in pseudo-archaic usages, particularly the stock prefix "Ye olde...". This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... Wynn () (also spelled Wen) is a letter of the old English alphabet. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Margery Kempe (ca. ... William Caxton (c. ... This articles subsection called Criticism is missing references or citation of sources. ... A stock phrase is a spoken phrase which has little if any actual meaning of its own (a phatic expression); it carries meaning only through custom or context. ...


The definite article spelled with Y for thorn is often jocularly or mistakenly pronounced "yee" or mistaken for the archaic nominative case of you, written ye. It is used infrequently in some modern English word games to replace the "th" with a single letter. Definite Article is the title of British comedian Eddie Izzards 1996 performance released on video and CD. The video/DVD and CD performances were both recorded on different nights at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, England. ... The nominative case is a grammatical case for a noun, which generally marks the subject of a verb, as opposed to its object or other verb arguments. ... Look up you in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...


Trivia

  • The thorn rune is used as a symbol of evil in some of the later Halloween movies.
  • Þ and þ can be generated on an English keyboard. Using Microsoft Windows, one must hold Alt while typing 0222 or 0254 respectively on the numeric keypad. Under Mac OS X, this character can be typed by choosing [1] the "U.S. Extended Keyboard" layout and typing option-T or shift-option-T.[2] One can also obtain it from Windows' Character Map or Mac OS X's Character Palette. On UNIX-like systems such as Linux it can be entered with the Compose key plus t and h or T and H for the uppercase version.
  • The thorn is sometimes used as part of the emoticon :-Þ, representing a face with a tongue sticking out.

Halloween (also known as John Carpenters Halloween) is a 1978 independent horror film set in the fictional Midwest town of Haddonfield, Illinois, on Halloween. ... ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... The Alt key on a modern Windows keyboard The Alt key on an IBM PC keyboard is either of two keys located next to the Space bar, used to change the function of other pressed keys. ... Mac OS X is a proprietary operating system developed and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. ... Unix or UNIX is a computer operating system originally developed in the 1960s and 1970s by a group of AT&T Bell Labs employees including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and Douglas McIlroy. ... Linux (also known as GNU/Linux) is a computer operating system. ... On some computer systems, a compose key is a key which is designated to signal the software to interpret the next keystrokes as a combination in order to produce a character not found on the keyboard. ... An emoticon, also called a smiley, is a sequence of ordinary printable ASCII characters, such as :-), ;o), ^_^ or :-(, or a small image, intended to represent a human facial expression and convey an emotion. ...

External links

Michael Everson Michael Everson (born January 9, 1963) is a self-styled expert in the writing systems of the world. ...

References

  • Freeborn, Dennis (1992). From Old English to Standard English. London: MacMillan.
Latin alphabet

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... Look up A, a in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The letter B is the second letter of the modern Latin alphabet. ... C# redirects here. ... For other uses, see D (disambiguation). ... The letter E is the fifth letter in the Latin alphabet. ... The letter F is the sixth letter in the Latin alphabet. ... G is the seventh letter in the Roman alphabet. ... H is also a multi a-side single by Japanese singer Ayumi Hamasaki. ... The lowercase i redirects here. ... The letter J is the tenth of the Latin alphabet; it was the last to be added to that alphabet. ... The eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet, K, or k comes from the Greek Κ or κ (Kappa) developed from the Semitic Kap, symbol for an open hand. ... L is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... M is the thirteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... This article is about the letter N. For the Flash game, see N (game). ... This is for the letter O. For Oxygen, see here. ... P is the sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... Q is the seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... R is the eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... S# redirects here. ... T is the twentieth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. ... U is the twenty-first letter of the modern Latin alphabet. ... V is the twenty-second letter in the modern Latin alphabet. ... W is the twenty-third letter of the modern Latin alphabet. ... X is the twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... Y is the twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...

Modified characters

Àà Ȁȁ Áá Ââ Ầầ Ấấ Ẫẫ Ẩẩ Ậậ Ãã Ää Ǟǟ Āā Ăă Ằằ Ắắ Ẵẵ Ặặ Ẳẳ Ȧȧ Ǡǡ Ạạ Åå Ḁḁ Ǻǻ Ȃȃ Ąą Ǎǎ Ảả Aʾẚ Ⱥ Ḃḃ Ḅḅ Ḇḇ ƀ Ɓɓ Ƃƃ Ćć Ĉĉ Ċċ Çç Ḉḉ Čč Ƈƈ Ȼȼ Ďď Ḋḋ Ḍḍ Ḏḏ Ḑḑ Ḓḓ Đđ Ɖɖ Ɗɗ Ƌƌ Èè Ȅȅ Éé Êê Ềề Ếế Ễễ Ệệ Ểể Ḛḛ Ëë Ēē Ḕḕ Ḗḗ Ĕĕ Ėė Ẹẹ E̩e̩ Ȇȇ Ȩȩ Ḝḝ Ęę Ěě Ẽẽ Ḙḙ Ẻẻ Ḟḟ Ƒƒ Ǵǵ Ĝĝ Ḡḡ Ğğ Ġġ Ģģ Ǧǧ Ǥǥ Ɠɠ Ĥĥ Ḣḣ Ḥḥ Ḧḧ Ȟȟ Ḩḩ Ḫḫ H̱ẖ Ħħ Ƕƕ Iı Ìì Ȉȉ Íí Îî Ĩĩ Ḭḭ Ïï Ḯḯ Īī Ĭĭ Ȋȋ Įį Ǐǐ İi Ịị Ỉỉ Ɨɨ ɟ Ĵĵ J̌ǰ Ḱḱ Ǩǩ Ķķ Ḳḳ Ḵḵ Ƙƙ Ĺĺ Ļļ Ľľ Ḷḷ Ḹḹ Ḻḻ Ḽḽ Ƚƚ Łł ɫ Ḿḿ M̃m̃ Ṁṁ Ṃṃ Ǹǹ Ńń N̈n̈ Ññ Ņņ Ňň Ṅṅ Ṇṇ Ṉṉ Ṋṋ Ŋŋ Ɲɲ Ƞƞ Òò Ȍȍ Óó Őő Ôô Ồồ Ốố Ỗỗ Ộộ Ổổ Õõ Ṍṍ Ṏṏ Ȭȭ Öö Ȫȫ Ōō Ṑṑ Ṓṓ Ŏŏ Ȏȏ Ǒǒ Ȯȯ Ȱȱ Ọọ O̩o̩ Ǫǫ Ǭǭ Ơơ Ờờ Ớớ Ỡỡ Ợợ Ởở Ỏỏ Ɵɵ Øø Ǿǿ Ṕṕ Ṗṗ P̃p̃ Ƥƥ ᵽ Ȑȑ Ŕŕ Ŗŗ Řř Ȓȓ Ṙṙ Ṛṛ Ṝṝ Ṟṟ ɽ Śś Ṥṥ Ŝŝ Şş Șș Šš Ṧṧ Ṡṡ Ṣṣ Ṩṩ S̩s̩ ȿ T̈ẗ Ţţ Țț Ťť Ṫṫ Ṭṭ Ṯṯ Ṱṱ Ŧŧ Ⱦ Ƭƭ Ʈʈ Ùù Ȕȕ Úú Űű Ûû Ũũ Ṹṹ Ṵṵ Üü Ṳṳ Ǜǜ Ǘǘ Ǖǖ Ǚǚ Ūū Ṻṻ Ŭŭ Ụụ Ůů Ȗȗ Ųų Ǔǔ Ṷṷ Ủủ Ưư Ừừ Ứứ Ữữ Ựự Ửử ʉ Ṽṽ Ṿṿ Ẁẁ Ẃẃ Ŵŵ Ẅẅ Ẇẇ Ẉẉ W̊ẘ Ẋẋ Ẍẍ Ỳỳ Ýý Ŷŷ Ÿÿ Ỹỹ Ȳȳ Ẏẏ Y̊ẙ Ỵỵ Ỷỷ Ƴƴ Źź Ẑẑ Żż Ẓẓ Žž Ẕẕ Ƶƶ Ȥȥ ɀ
A diacritical mark or diacritic, sometimes called an accent mark, is a mark added to a letter to alter a words pronunciation or to distinguish between similar words. ... The grave accent ( ` ) is a diacritic mark used in written Greek until 1982 (polytonic orthography), French, Catalan, Welsh, Italian, Vietnamese, Scottish Gaelic, Norwegian, Portuguese, and other languages. ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... The circumflex ( ˆ ) is a diacritic mark used in written Greek, French, Esperanto, Norwegian, Romanian, Slovak, Vietnamese, Japanese romaji, Welsh, Portuguese, Italian, and other languages. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... ã represents a nasal A (IPA: /ɐ̃/). Being a typically Portuguese sound, it is sometimes used as a symbol of the Portuguese language. ... Ä, or ä, is a glyph which represents either a letter from several extended Latin alphabets, the letter A with umlaut, or a letter A with diaeresis. ... Ä€ or ā, is a letter, representing a vowel, in the Latvian alphabet. ... Ä‚ (upper case) or ÇŽ (lower case) is a letter used in standard Romanian language orthography to represent the schwa sound, a vowel. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... Ã…, or Ã¥, is a letter, representing a vowel, in the Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Walloon, Chamorro, Istro-Romanian language and Finnish alphabets. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from A with the addition of a ring below the letter. ... Ogonek (Polish for little tail; In Lithuanian it is nosinÄ— which literally means handkerchief) is a diacritic hook placed under the lower right corner of a vowel in the Latin alphabet used in Polish (letters Ä…, Ä™), Lithuanian (Ä…, Ä™, į, ų), Navajo, Western Apache, Chiricahua and Tutchone. ... č Å¡ ž A caron ( ˇ ), also known as a háček (pronounced ), is a diacritic placed over certain letters to indicate present or historical palatalization or iotation in the orthography of Baltic languages and some Slavic languages, whereas some Finno-Lappic languages use it to mark postalveolar fricatives... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below Ì£ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from B with the addition of an underline diacritic. ... is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from b with the addition of a bar, which can be through either the ascender or the bowl. ... Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet. ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... Ĉ or ĉ (C circumflex) is a consonant in Esperanto orthography, representing a voiceless postalveolar affricate (either palato-alveolar or retroflex), and is equivalent to or in the IPA. Esperanto orthography uses a diacritic for all four of its postalveolar consonants, as do the Latin-based Slavic alphabets. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below Ì£ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... A cedilla is a hook (¸) added under certain consonant letters as a diacritic mark to modify their pronunciation. ... ÄŒ in uper- and lowercase ÄŒ is the fourth letter of the Croatian, Czech, Serbian and Slovenian alphabet. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from C with the addition of a hook. ... The letter (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet based on the cent sign. ... ÄŽ is a letter used in the Romany alphabet. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below Ì£ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from D with the addition of a dot diacritic. ... Ð, Unicode codepoint 208, U+00D0 is: Ð or Eth, a letter used in Old English and present-day Icelandic and Faroese. ... African D (Ɖ, É–) is a Latin letter representing the voiced retroflex plosive . ... Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... È can be: The letter E with a Grave accent. ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... The circumflex ( ˆ ) is a diacritic mark used in written Greek, French, Esperanto, Norwegian, Romanian, Slovak, Vietnamese, Japanese romaji, Welsh, Portuguese, Italian, and other languages. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... In linguistics, a diaeresis or dieresis (AE) (from Greek diairein, to divide) is the modification of a syllable by distinctly pronouncing one of its vowels. ... A macron (from Gr. ... A breve (Latin Brevis short, brief) is a diacritical mark Ë˜, shaped like a little round cup, designed to indicate a short vowel, as opposed to the macron Â¯ which indicates long vowels. ... Ä– Ä— is a letter that is used when transliterating the cyrillic letter Э э into the latin alphabet. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... Ogonek (Polish for little tail; In Lithuanian it is nosinÄ— which literally means handkerchief) is a diacritic hook placed under the lower right corner of a vowel in the Latin alphabet used in Polish (letters Ä…, Ä™), Lithuanian (Ä…, Ä™, į, ų), Navajo, Western Apache, Chiricahua and Tutchone. ... č Å¡ ž A caron ( ˇ ), also known as a háček (pronounced ), is a diacritic placed over certain letters to indicate present or historical palatalization or iotation in the orthography of Baltic languages and some Slavic languages, whereas some Finno-Lappic languages use it to mark postalveolar fricatives... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below Ì£ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... The letter (minuscule: Æ’) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, based on the italic form of F. It is used in writing the Ewe language to represent a voiceless bilabial fricative (IPA: ), as distinct from the letter F, which represents a voiceless labiodental fricative. ... Äœ or ĝ is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. ... Äž, or ÄŸ, is a letter, known as g-breve in English, used in the Turkish, Azerbaijani and Tatar languages. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below Ì£ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... A cedilla is a hook (¸) added under certain consonant letters as a diacritic mark to modify their pronunciation. ... Romany letter (G with háček, Unicode code points U+01E6 and U+01E7) is a letter used in the Romany and Skolt Sami languages. ... The character g-stroke Ǥ/Ç¥ is a letter of the Latin Skolt Sami alphabet, denoting the partially voiced palatal spirant (i. ... The voiced velar implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... Ä¥ in different fonts (Code2000, Sylfaen, Pragmatica Esperanto Ĥ, or Ä¥, is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. ... transliterates Sanskrit visarga Semitic Ḥet This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... transliterates Arabic Ḫāʼ Akkadian [χ] Hittite (written in Akkadian cuneiform) h ([χ] or [h]) Egyptian , see Egyptian hieroglyphs This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... ẖ transliterates Arabic Ḫāʼ Egyptian , see Egyptian hieroglyphs/ This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... H with stroke (uppercase Ħ lowercase ħ) is a letter used in Maltese. ... Hwair (lowercase , uppercase ) is a letter from various medieval Latin alphabets, which is currently still used in the transcription of the Gothic alphabet. ... Two distinct versions of the letter I, dotted and dotless, are used in the Turkish alphabet, which is a variant of the Latin alphabet. ... The grave accent ( ` ) is a diacritic mark used in written Greek until 1982 (polytonic orthography), French, Catalan, Welsh, Italian, Vietnamese, Scottish Gaelic, Norwegian, Portuguese, and other languages. ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... The circumflex ( ˆ ) is a diacritic mark used in written Greek, French, Esperanto, Norwegian, Romanian, Slovak, Vietnamese, Japanese romaji, Welsh, Portuguese, Italian, and other languages. ... The tilde is a grapheme which has several uses, described below. ... In linguistics, a diaeresis or dieresis (AE) (from Greek diairein, to divide) is the modification of a syllable by distinctly pronouncing one of its vowels. ... A macron (from Gr. ... A breve (Latin Brevis short, brief) is a diacritical mark Ë˜, shaped like a little round cup, designed to indicate a short vowel, as opposed to the macron Â¯ which indicates long vowels. ... Ogonek (Polish for little tail; In Lithuanian it is nosinÄ— which literally means handkerchief) is a diacritic hook placed under the lower right corner of a vowel in the Latin alphabet used in Polish (letters Ä…, Ä™), Lithuanian (Ä…, Ä™, į, ų), Navajo, Western Apache, Chiricahua and Tutchone. ... č Å¡ ž A caron ( ˇ ), also known as a háček (pronounced ), is a diacritic placed over certain letters to indicate present or historical palatalization or iotation in the orthography of Baltic languages and some Slavic languages, whereas some Finno-Lappic languages use it to mark postalveolar fricatives... Two distinct versions of the letter I, dotted and dotless, are used in the Turkish alphabet, which is a variant of the Latin alphabet. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... Vowels Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel. ... The voiced palatal plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... Ä´ or ĵ is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from J with the addition of a hacek. ... This article lacks information on the subject matters importance. ... A cedilla is a hook (¸) added under certain consonant letters as a diacritic mark to modify their pronunciation. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the Interpunct (·), or to the glyphs combining dot above ( ) and combining dot below ( ) which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, used in Hausa to represent an ejective k (IPA: ). Category: ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... A cedilla is a hook (¸) added under certain consonant letters as a diacritic mark to modify their pronunciation. ... ... (minuscule: ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from L with a diacritical dot below. ... (minuscule: ḻ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from L with the addition of an underline diacritic. ... Ł or Å‚, described in English as L with stroke, is a letter of the Polish, Kashubian, Sorbian, Łacinka (Latin Belarusian) and Navajo alphabets. ... The velarized alveolar lateral approximant, which may actually be uvularized or pharyngealized, also known as dark el, is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below Ì£ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the Interpunct (·), or to the glyphs combining dot above ( ) and combining dot below ( ) which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... N̈, or n̈ (referred to as n-diaeresis) is a glyph that represents a letter from several minor extended Latin alphabets, the letter N with an umlaut. ... Ñ or enye, (Spanish eñe) represents a palatal nasal (IPA: ). This is reminiscent of as in onion IPA: . It is the fifteenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, alphabetized between N and O. Though English keyboard schemes classify it as an N with a tilde, it is a separate letter in... A cedilla is a hook (¸) added under certain consonant letters as a diacritic mark to modify their pronunciation. ... Ň is a letter used in the Romany alphabet. ... The retroflex nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... The eng is a letter: ÅŠ (capital), Å‹ (small). ... The palatal nasal is a type of consonant, used in some spoken languages. ... The grave accent ( ` ) is a diacritic mark used in written Greek until 1982 (polytonic orthography), French, Catalan, Welsh, Italian, Vietnamese, Scottish Gaelic, Norwegian, Portuguese, and other languages. ... The acute accent ( Â´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin script. ... The double acute accent (  Ì‹ ) is a diacritic mark of the latin script used primarily in written Hungarian. ... Ô refers to: A circumflex, a diacritical mark. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietnamese language. ... The Vietnamese alphabet, called chữ quốc ngữ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quốc ngữ (national language), is the current writing system for the Vietname