Thrombopoietin is the recently discovered (1994) glycoproteinhormone that regulates the production of platelets. Before its identification, its function has been hypothesized for as much as 30 years as being linked to the cell surface receptor c-mpl, and in older publications thrombopoietin is described as c-mpl ligand (the agent that binds to the c-mpl molecule). A glycoprotein is a macromolecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (a sugar). ... A hormone (from Greek horman - to set in motion) is a chemical messenger from one cell (or group of cells) to another. ... A 250 ml bag of newly collected platelets. ...
Function and regulation
Thrombopoietin regulates the differentiation of megakaryocytes and platelets. Its negative feedback is different from most hormones in endocrinology: the effector regulates the hormone directly. Thrombopoeitin is bound to the surface of platelets, thereby reducing megakaryocyte exposure to the hormone. The megakaryocyte is a bone marrow cell responsible for the production of blood platelets when cytoplasm processes become fragmented. ... A 250 ml bag of newly collected platelets. ... In cybernetics and control theory, feedback is a process whereby some proportion or in general, function, of the output signal of a system is passed (fed back) to the input. ... Endocrinology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the endocrine system and its specific secretions called hormones. ...
Genetics
The thrombopoietin gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (q26.3-27). Abnormalities in this gene occur in some hereditary forms of thrombocytosis (high platelet count) and in some cases of leukemia. This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ... Figure 1: Chromosome. ... For the scientific journal Heredity see Heredity (journal) Heredity (the adjective is hereditary) is the transfer of characters from parent to offspring, either through their genes or through the social institution called inheritance (for example, a title of nobility is passed from individual to individual according to relevant customs and... Thrombocytosis is the presence of high platelet counts in the blood. ... Leukemia (leukaemia in Commonwealth English) is a group of blood diseases characterized by malignancies (cancer) of the blood-forming tissues. ...
The thrombopoietin may be orally ingested by the patient, or may be administered by intravenous, intramuscular or intrathecal injection.
The thrombopoietin may be human thrombopoietin, a fragment of human thrombopoietin, or a variant polypeptide of human thrombopoietin.
The enhancement agent may be thrombopoietin which may be administered as a liquid or solid in the form of oral tablets, intravenous injection, intrathecal injection or intramuscular injection, depending upon the course of therapy followed.
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